bargainee 
bargainee (biir-ga-ne'), n. [< bargain, v., + -cc; 
Qi\T.bargaignf, pp. of barg(Uffner7\ In laic, the 
party to whom a bargain and sale is made. 
Jr'harton. 
bargainer (biir'gan-er), . [ME. larganar; 
< bart/aiii, r., + -ec 1 .] One who bargains or 
stipulates ; specifically, in law, the party in a 
contract who stipulates to sell and convey 
property to another by bargain and sale. In 
the latter sense also spelled bargainer. 
Though a generous giver, she [Nature] is a hard bar- 
imiiii-i: II'. Miitlieirx, Getting on in the World, p. 339. 
bargainman (biir'gan-man), n. ; pi. bargainmen 
(-men). In cofil-miiiiiig, a man who does bar- 
gain-work. [North. Eng.] 
bargainer (biir'gaii-or), n. In law, same as 
biiri/iiinrr. 
bargain-work (bar'gan-werk), n. In coal-min- 
ing, any underground work done by contract. 
[North. Eng.] 
bargander (bar'gan-der), n. A local (Norfolk, 
England) form of bergander. 
bargarett, A variant of bergeret. 
barge 1 (barj), n. [< ME. barge, < OF. barge 
(ML. reflex bargia) = Pr. barga, < ML. barga, 
appar. a yar. of LL. barca, a bark: see iarfc 3 .] 
1. A sailing vessel of any sort. 
His barge ycleped was the Maudeleyne. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 410. 
2. A flat-bottomed vessel of burden used in 
loading and unloading ships, and, on rivers and 
canals, for conveying goods from one place to 
another. 
152 
bark 
been removed for the purpose of getting at the 
underlying rock. 
bar-iron (bar'i"ern), n. Wrought-iron rolled 
into the form of bars. See iron. 
baris (bar'is), .; pi. barex (-ez). [< Gr. ftaptf, 
a boat: see OOnfl,] 1. In E/iypt. antiq.: (a) 
A flat-bottomed boat, used for transporting 
merchandise, etc., on the Nile: the Greek 
term for the Egyptian makhen. (b) The sacred 
Barge-boards. 
A, carved example from Warwick, England ; 
C, openwork. New York. 
C 
J>, cuspcd ; 
By slow horses. Tennyson, Lady of Shalott. 
_ . . 
3. A long, double-banked boat, spacious and 
decorated, beinj; cusped, feathered, paneled, pierced with 
a series of trefoils, quatrefoils, etc., or carved with foliage. 
After the medieval period barge-boards gradually become 
less bold and rich in treatment. Also called yable-buard. 
barge-couple (barj'kup"!), n. [Cf . barge-board.'] 
In arch., one of the rafters placed under the 
barge-course, which serve as grounds for the 
barge-boards, and carry the plastering or 
boarding of the soffits. Also called barge-rafter. 
barge-COUrse (barj'kors), . [Cf. barge-board.^ 
In bricklaying : (a) A part of the tiling which 
projects beyond the principal rafters in build- 
ings where there is a gable. (6) The coping of 
a wall formed by a course of bricks set on edge. 
bargee (bar-je'), n. [< barge 1 + -ee.] One of 
the crew of a barge or canal-boat. 
bargeman (barj'man), n. ; pi. bargemen (-men). 
A man employed on a barge ; an oarsman. 
And backward yode, as Bargemen wont to fare. 
Spenser, F. Q., VII. vii. 35. 
las'ter), n. The 
used by crews in training for a race. It is com- 
monly a long, narrow, lap-streak boat, somewhat 
wider and stronger than a shell, and thus better 
fitted for rough water. [U. S.] 5. A boat for 
passengers or freight, two-decked, but without 
sails or power, and in service towed by a steam- 
boat or tug: used for pleasure-excursions and 
for the transportation of hay and other bulky 
merchandise. [U. S.] 6. A pleasure-boat; 
in former times, a vessel or boat of state, often 
The Lolull> " *>** 
Carew > Sllrve 5 r of Cornwall. 
barge-rafter (biirj'raf"t6r), n. Same as barge- 
couple. 
bargerett, n. See bergeret. 
State Barge. 
burgh 
1. A low ridge or hill. 2f. A road up 
a hill. Bay. 3f. A mine. [Prov. Eng. in all 
senses.] 
barghmotet, . See barmote. 
bar-gown (biir'goun), n. The gown or dress 
of a lawyer. 
bargnest (bar'gest), n. [Also barghcst, bargest, 
Sc. barghaist; perhaps < G. berggeist, moun- 
tain (or mine) spirit, gnome. Cf. barghmote, 
barmote. Ritson says the ghost was so called 
from appearing near bars or stiles.] A kind of 
hobgoblin, spirit, or ghost believed in in the 
north of England, whose appearance to any 
one is supposed to prognosticate death or some 
great calamity. 
He understood Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, and there- 
fore, according to his brother Wilfrid, needed not to care 
for ghaist or bar-ghaist, devil or dobbie. 
Scott, Rob Boy, I. 223. 
barhal (bar'hal), . [E. Ind.] Same as burrhel. 
The barhal, or blue wild sheep [inhabits the Himalayas). 
Eneye. Brit., XII. 742. 
. ., . . 
bari 1 (bii're), . [It.] That part of a roofing- 
slate which is exposed to the weather. Weale. 
Bari 2 (bii're), n. [It.] A wine grown near Bari, 
on the Adriatic coast of Italy. 
bariat (ba'ri-ii), n. [NL., < Gr. ftap'vs, heavy. 
' 
magnificently adorned, furnished with elegant 
apartments, canopied and cushioned, decorated 
with banners and draperies, and propelled by 
a numerous body of oarsmen: used by sover- 
eigns, officers, magistrates, etc., and in various , ... L , , .. ,,,"> ,.. 
pageants, as the marriage of the Adriatic at Cf. baryta, barytes.'] Same as baryta. 
Venice and the Lord Mayor's parade at London, baric (bar'ik), a. [In sense 1, < Gr. {Sapor,, weight, 
< /lapvf, heavy; in sense 2, < barium + -ie.] 1. 
Same as barometric. 2. Of or pertaining to 
barium ; derived from barium : as, baric iodide, 
barilla (ba-ril'a), . [= P. barille, < Sp. barril- 
la = Pg. barrilha, impure soda, also the plant 
from which it is derived.] The commercial 
name of the impure carbonate and sulphate of 
soda imported from Spain and the Levant, and 
obtained from several fleshy plants growing 
by the sea or in saline localities, mostly belong- 
ing to the chenopodiaceous genera Salsola, Sali- 
cornia, and Chenopodium. The plants are dried and 
burned, and the incinerated ashes constitute barilla. This 
was once the chief source of carbonate of soda, but is now 
used principally in the manufacture of soap and glass. 
British barilla is the crude soda-ash left from common 
salt in the manufacture of carbonate of soda 
barillet (bar'i-let), n. [P., dim. of baril, a 
barrel.] 1. The barrel or case containing the 
mainspring of a watch or spring-clock. 2. 
The funnel of a sucking-pump. 
baring (bar'ing), n. [Verbal n. of bare*, v.'] 
In mining, soil or surface detritus, which has 
The bartje she sat in, like a burnish'd throne, 
Burnt on the water. Shak., A. and C., ii. 2. 
7. In New England, a large wagon, coach, or 
omnibus for carrying picnic parties or convey- 
ing passengers to and from hotels, etc. 
Marcia watched him drive off toward the station in the 
hotel barge, llowells, Modem Instance. 
barge 1 (barj), r. t. ; pret. and pp. barged, ppr. 
barging. [< barge 1 , .] To carry or transport 
by means of barges. 
barge 2 (biirzh), . [F.] A book-name of the 
god wit. 
barge-board (biirj'bord), n. [Hardly, as has 
been suggested, a corruption of verge-board 
which is also used. Cf. ML. bargus, a kind of 
gallows.] In arch., a board placed in ad- 
vance of a gable and underneath the barge- 
course, where the roof extends over the wall, 
either covering the rafter that would otherwise 
be visible, or occupying its place. The earliest 
barge-boards date from the fourteenth century many 
examples of this and the fifteenth century are beautifully 
Baris. Temple of Seti I 
boat, represented in art as bearing an enthroned 
deity or some symbolical or venerated object. 
2. [cap.] [NL.] A genus of rhynchophorous 
beetles, of the family Curculionidas, or weevils. 
B. lignarius feeds upon the elm. 
Barita (ba-ri'ta), n. [NL.] In ornith., a generic 
name variously used. () In Cuvier's system of classi- 
fication (1817), a genus of shrikes or Laniidce: a synonym 
of Crartfciis (Vieillot), of prior date. [Disused.] (b) Trans- 
ferred by Temminck in 1820 to the Australian and Papuan 
manucodes. See Manucodia. [Disused.] (c) Transferred 
by Swainson in 1837 to, and used by Vigors and others for, 
the Australian and Papuan cassicans, or corvine birds of 
the modern genera Bymnorhina and Strepera, of which 
the piping-crow of Australia (tiymnarluna or Barita 
tibiten) is the best-known species. This is the usual sense 
of the word, and the above-noted transfers of the name 
account for the common statement that the genus Barita, 
is sometimes classed with the Laniulce, sometimes with 
the Cormdfe. [Not now in use.] 
baritah (ba-ri'ta), n. A name of the Austra- 
lian birds of the genus Barita. 
barite (ba'rit), w. [< bar(ium) + -ite2.~\ Native 
barium sulphate : also called barytes and heavy- 
spar, because of its high specific gravity, it oc- 
curs in orthorhombic crystals, commonly tabular, and 
with perfect prismatic and basal cleavage. It is often 
transparent, and varies in color from white to yellow, gray, 
red, blue, or brown. There are also massive varieties, 
columnar, granular, and compact, resembling marble. It 
is a common mineral in metallic veins and beds. It is 
sometimes mined and ground in a mill, and used to adul- 
terate white lead. Also baroselcnite, barytine. 
baritone, n. and a. See barytone. 
barium (ba'ri-um), n. [NL., < bar(yta) or ba- 
r(ytes) + -mm, as in other names of metals ; so 
named by Davy.] Chemical symbol, Ba; atomic 
weight, 137.1. A chemical element belonging 
to the group of metals whose oxids are the alka- 
line earths. It is obtained as a silver-white powder, 
which oxidizes quickly and burns when heated in air. Its 
melting-point is about that of cast-iron. It does not occur 
native, but is found abundantly in combination in the 
minerals barite, barium sulphate, and witherite or ba- 
rium carbonate, and less commonly in several other min- 
erals. Barium combines with most acids to form salte 
which are more or less soluble in water, and these soluble 
salts, together witli the carbonate, are active poisons. 
Barium chromate, a yellow, insoluble salt, BaCrO 4 , 
formed by precipitating any soluble salt of barium with 
chromate of potassium. It finds a limited use as a 
pigment both for painting and for calico-printing, under 
the name of yellow ultramarine. TteXl'OXn. hydrate, 
Ba(OH)2, a caustic alkaline powder, soluble in water, 
formerly used in sugar-refining to form an insoluble sac- 
charine compound. Barium nitrate, Ba(N0 3 )2, a sub- 
stance used extensively in pyrotechny for producing red 
fire, and to some extent in the manufacture of explosives. 
Barium OXld. See baryta. Barium sulphate, or 
heaey-ipar, 80804, tne commonest of the barium minerals, 
almost perfectly insoluble in water. Artificially prepared 
barium sulphate is used as a pigment, under the name of 
permanent white. See barytes. 
bark 1 (bark), v. [< ME. barken, lerkew, barken, 
< AS. beorcan (strong verb, pp. borceii, > bor- 
cian, bark, weak verb) = Icel. berkja (weak 
verb), bark, bluster. Supposed by some to be 
orig. another form of AS. brecan (pp. brocen), 
break, snap. Cf. Icel. brcekta, bleat, = Norw. 
bratkta, bra;ka = Sw. bra'ka = Dan. bra-ge, bleat.] 
1. intrans. 1. To utter an abrupt explosive cry: 
said of a dog, and hence of other animals. 
No dog shall rouse thee, though a thousand bark. 
Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 240. 
2. Figuratively, to clamor; pursue with un- 
reasonable clamor or reproach: usually fol- 
lowed by at. 
Vile is the vengeaunce on the ashes cold, 
And envy base to barke at sleeping fame. 
Spemer, . Q., II. viii. 13. 
The lank hungry belly barks for food. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, i. 1. 
3. To cough. [Colloq.]_To bark at the moon, 
to clamor or agitate to no purpose. To bark up the 
wrong tree, to mistake one's object; attack or pursue 
another than the person or thing intended, as when a dog 
