bar-shear 
bar-shear (bar'sher), . A machine for cut I ing 
metal hill's. It consists of a very strong frame having 
a fixed lower Made and u vertically reciprocating upper 
blade, between which the har is cut. 
bar-shoe (bar'sho), n. A kind of horseshoe 
having a bar across the usual opening at the 
heel to protect a tender frog from injury. 
bar-shooting (bar'sho'ting), n. The practice 
of shooting wild fowl from the bars of rivers 
jind bays. 
bar-shot (biir'shot), i. 1. Double-headed shot, 
consisting of a bar with a half-ball or round 
head at eadi end, for- 
merly used for destroy- 
ing masts and rigging in 
naval warfare. 2. In 
her., two bullets or balls 
connected by a short bar like a dumb-bell. 
bar-sight (biir'sit), >/. A form of rifle-sight. 
See /(;', Hi. 
barsowite (biir'so-wit), . [< Ilarsow(skoi) + 
-ilc-.\ A mineral occurring as the gangue of 
blue corundum at Barsowskoi or Barsovskoi in 
the Ural. Its true nature is uncertain, but it 
may bo identical with anorthite. 
Bart. The contraction of baronet appended to 
H name : as. Sir John Doe, Bart. 
bar-tailed (bar'tald), a. Having the tail barred 
crosswise with different colors: as, the bar- 
tailed godwit, LiiiKittu Itt/ijioiiica. See cut un- 
der l./ttntxil. 
bartender (bar'ten'der), n. A barkeeper; a 
waiter in a bar-room who serves out drinks and 
refreshment-. 
barter (bar'ter), v. [< late ME. bartren for 
*barten, "bareten (the inserted r being due 
perhaps to the suffix of the OF. infinitive, or to 
dependence on the noun barator, bareter, etc. : 
see barrator), < OF. bareter, barater, barter, 
truck, cheat, < barat, barate, barete, barter, 
cheating: see I/iimit.] I. intrans. To traffic 
or trade by exchanging one commodity for an- 
other, in distinction from buying and selling for 
money. 
II. trans. 1. To give (one thing or com- 
modity) for another of equivalent or supposed 
equivalent value : with a person, for (formerly 
tcith) a thing: as, to barter one's jewels for 
bread. 
As my faith has once heen given to you, I never will 
barter it with another. Sheridan, The Rivals, v. 1. 
Rude people who were willing to barter costly fura for 
trifles. Bancroft, Hist. U. S., I. 91. 
2. To exchange, in general TO barter away, to 
dispose of by barter, especially in an unwise or dishonor- 
aide way ; bargain away : as, to barter away human rights 
for the patronage of the great. 
He also bartered away plums . . . for nuts. Locke. 
barter (bar't6r), n. [< barter, .] 1. The act 
of exchanging ; specifically, the act or practice 
of trafficking by exchange of commodities. 
All government, indeed every human benefit and enjoy- 
ment, every virtue, and every prudent act, is founded on 
compromise and barter. 
Burke, Conciliation with America, 1775. 
Article is exchanged for article without the use of money 
or credit. This is simple barter. 
D. Webster, Speech, Senate, March 18, 1834. 
2. The thing given in exchange. 3. An arith- 
metical rule by which the values of different 
goods are ascertained and compared. = Syn. 1. 
Dealing, trade, traffic, truck, interchange. 
barterer (baVter-er), n. One who barters or 
traffics by exchanging commodities. 
barteryt (bar'ter-i), n. [< barter + -y.] Ex- 
change of commodities in trade ; barter. 
It is a received opinion that, in most ancient ages, there 
was only bartery or exchange of ... commodities amongst 
most nations. Camden, Remains, Money. 
barth (biirth), n. [E. dial., of obscure origin. 
Cf. IrrtA 2 .] A warm inclosed place of shelter 
for young cattle. 
Bartholomew baby, day, etc. See the nouns. 
Bartholomew-tide (bar-thol'o-mu-tid), n. The 
season near St. Bartholomew's day (August 
24). See dayi. 
Like flies at Bartholomew-tide, blind. 
Shak., Hen. V., v. 2. 
Bartholomite (bar-thol'o-mit), H. [< Bartholo- 
ninr + -j'te 2 .] 1. A member of the community 
of Basil ian monks of the Armenian rite who 
took refuge in the West and were assigned the 
church of St. Bartholomew, in Genoa, in 1307. 
The community was finally suppressed in 1650. 
2. One of a congregation of secular priests 
following a rule drawn up by Bartholomew 
Holzhausen, in Germany, in 1640. They spread 
1C, 1 
to Hungary, Poland, and Spain, but, under this 
name, became extinct after 1700. 
bartizan (biir'ti-zan), w. [Not found before 
Sir W. Scott, 
who uses the 
word frequently ; 
prob. adapted 
from a corrupt 
Sc. spelling (//- 
of brctti- 
Bartizan. Carcassonne. France. 
^, merlon ; H, embrasure ; C, loophole ; 
). machicolation. ( From Viollet-lc-Uuc's 
' Diet, de I'Architecrure.") 
see 
In arch., a small 
overhanging tur- 
ret, pierced with 
loopholes or em- 
brasures, or with 
both, and pro- 
jecting general- 
ly from an an- 
gle at the top of 
a tower, or from 
the parapet of a 
building or medieval fortification-wall. 
On battlement and liartizan 
Gleamed axe, and spear, and partisan. 
". L. of I. M., iv. 20. 
He pass'd the court-gate, and he ope'd the tower-grate, 
And he mounted the narrow stall- 
To the iar(i>an-seat, where, with maids that on her wait, 
He found his lady fair. Scott, Eve "f Saint John. 
bartizaned (bar'ti-zand), . Furnished with 
a bartizan or bartizans. Scott. 
Bartolist (biir'to-list), w. A student of Bar- 
tolo, a famous Italian jurist (1314-57); one 
skilled in the law. 
bartont (bar'ton), n. [< AS. (ONorth.) bere-tun, 
courtyard, manor, threshing-floor, < bere, bar- 
ley, T tun, inclosure: see bear 3 , barley^, and 
town, and cf. 6am 1 .] 1. The demain lands of 
a manor, not rented, but retained for the use 
of the lord of the manor. Also called beriri<-lc. 
2. A farm-yard. 
Spacious bartons, clean, well-wall'd around, 
Where all the wealth of rural life was found. 
Southey, Poet's Pilgrimage, iii. 41. 
bartram, n. See bertram. 
Bartramia (bar-tra'mi-a), n. [NL., after the 
naturalist William Bartram (1739-1823).] A 
genus of sandpipers the type of which is Tringa 
bartramia of Wilson, now Bartramia longicau- 
Bartram's Sandpiper, or Upland Plover (Btirtramin longicauda}. 
da, a common species of North America, va- 
riously called Bartram's sandpiper, upland 
plover, prairie pigeon, and quailly. it belongs to 
the family Scolopacidie and subfamily Totanince, and is 
peculiar for the length and graduation of its tail. 
bam (ba-ro'), n. [Malay name.] A fine woolly 
substance, used for calking ships, stuffing 
cushions, etc., found at the base of the leaves 
of the Arenga saccharifera, a sago-palm of the 
East Indies. 
baruria (ba-ro'ri-ii), n. [NL., < Gr. flapvc,, 
heavy, + oiipov, urine.] In pathol., a morbid 
condition of the body characterized by the 
passage of urine of a high specific gravity. 
barutine (bar'ij-tm), n. [Prob. of Pers. origin.] 
A kind of silk manufactured in Persia. Sim- 
monds. 
barvel, barrel! (bar'vel), w. [E. dial., per- 
haps a corruption of "barm-fell, < barm 1 , lap, 
+ fell 3 , a skm.] A kind of leather apron. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
barways (bar'waz), adv. In her., same as l>ar- 
wise. 
bar-weir (bar'wer), . A weir which rises and 
falls with the tide, placed in a stream to pre- 
vent the return seaward of any fish which may 
have passed it. 
barwin (bar'win), n. [Cf. Ir. Gael, bar, the 
sea.] A name applied in County Antrim, 
Ireland, to the common sea-bream, Pagettus 
centrodontus. 
barwise (biir'wiz), adi: [< fcori + -irae 2 .] in 
her., in the direction of the bar, that is, hori- 
barytone 
zontally across the field : said of the divisions 
of the field, and also of any bearing; thus, a 
sword litmeisf is a sword borne horizontally. 
Also luli'irili/x. 
barwood (biir'wud), H. [Prob. so called be- 
(iiuseex|>(>rtediiibars: cf. lui/irniul.] A red dye 
wood obtained from Sierra Leone and Angola, 
Atl'ica. It is the proitlli-t of the tree 1'xti'ti'm uiliiht . ami 
is found in roiimielve a* a nui^h rnl ]iu\vilrr, iiruilnri-d 
by ra-jiin- the lugs. Its coloring matter is insoluble in 
water, but yields alumt ! per cent, to alcnbolir inriiMon. 
It is used for dyeing cotton yarns the brilliant orange-red 
known a.-t im/cit Turkey ml or luirii;,,,,l ,,./. BaTWOOd 
Spirits. Same as tin */iirit* (which set-, nnilrr tut}. 
bary-. [L., etc., < Gr. fiapi't, heavy, = L. grtin.i. 
heavy, > K. grave*, q. y.] An element in many 
words of Greek origin, meaning heavy, dull, 
hard, difficult, etc. 
barycentric (bar-i-sen'trik), a. [< Gr. /J/Y, 
heavy, + Kevr/mv, center.] Of or pertaining to 
the center of gravity. - Barycentric calculus, an 
application to geometry of the mechanical theory <>f the 
center of gravity, executed in two distinct ways, according 
as metrieal in- .Ir.Mi iptivr L'I'UIN. triral |n-Mpcrtirs are !< !> 
investigated. Barycentric coordinates. 
nate. 
baryecoia (bar-i-e-koi'a), n. [NL., < Gr. fiapvr/- 
Koia, hardness of hearing, < ftapvijuoor, hard of 
hearing, < (iapi'f, hard, + axoiietv, hear: see 
iii-<iiix/i<:] In. pathol., dullness of hearing; 
deafness. 
baryglossia (bar-i-glos'i-a), n. [NL., < Gr. 
^i/nr, heavy, + y'f.aaaa, tongue.] In pathol., 
difficulty of speech ; baryphonia. Dutiglison. 
barylite (bar'i-lit), n. f< Gr. fiapiif, heavy, + 
?./0oc, stone.] A silicate of aluminium and 
barium occurring in white cleavable masses in 
Sweden. 
baryphonia (bar-i-fo'ni-a), n. [NL. (cf. Gr. 
jiapv^uvia, a deep voice, < iiapvQuvrx;, with a deep 
voice), < Gr. (tapiif, heavy, hard, + <txjvJi, voice.] 
In pathol., difficulty of speech. 
baryta (ba-ri'ta), n. [NL., formerly also ba- 
rita, < barytes, q. v.] Barium oxid, BaO : also 
called heavy earth, because it is the heaviest of 
the earths, its specific gravity being 4.7. it is 
a gray powder having a sharp, caustic, alkaline taste, and 
a strong amnity for water, with which it combines to form 
barium hydrate. It fonns salts with the acids, all of 
which are poisonous, except the sulphate, which is quite 
insoluble in the juices of the stomach. The carbonate 
of baryta is much used in the preparation of beet-root 
sugar, and in the manufacture of plate-glass and of colors. 
Formerly called baria. Baryta- water, a solution of the 
hydrate of barium in water, used as a reagent In chemical 
analysis. 
barytes (ba-ri'tez), n. [NL., < Gr. ftapvrrK, 
weight, heaviness, < flapi'f, heavy; the term, 
being associated with that of minerals in -ites, 
-zte 2 .] If. Baryta. 2. The native sulphate of 
barium, BaSOi, a common name for the min- 
eral barite or heavy-spar. It is sometimes mined 
and ground in a mill, and used to adulterate white lead, 
to weight paper, etc. See barite. 
barytic (ba-rit'ik), a. Pertaining to, formed 
of, or containing baryta. 
barytine (bar'i-tin), n. [< barytes 4- -iwe 2 .] 
Same as barite. 
barytocalcite (ba-ri-to-kal'slt), n. [< baryta, 
+ calcite.] A mineral consisting of the carbo- 
nates of barium and calcium. It occurs in 
monoclinic crystals, also massive, of a white, 
grayish, greenish, or yellow color. 
barytoceiestite (ba-ri*to-se-les'tit), . [< ba- 
ryta + celestite."] A variety of celestite con- 
taining some barium sulphate. 
barytone (bar'i-ton), a. and n. [Also baritone; 
< It. baritono, < Gr. ftapvrovot, deep-toned, with 
grave accent, < ftapiif, heavy, deep, grave, + 
Titvof, tone: see tone.'] I. a. 1. Having the 
quality of a voice or instrument intermediate 
between a bass and a tenor: as, a barytone 
voice. See II. 
The voice [of the Hejazi] is strong and clear, but rather 
barytone than bass : in anger it becomes a shrill chattering 
like the cry of a wild animal. 
K. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 318. 
2. In Gr. gram.: (a) Pronounced with the 
(theoretical) grave accent on the last syllable 
(see grave, a.) ; having the last syllable unac- 
cented: as, a barytone word, such as ruvof. (6) 
Causing a word to be without accent on the 
final syllable: as, a barytone suffix. 
H. n. 1. In music: (a) A male voice, the 
compass of which partakes of the bass and the 
tenor, but which does not descend so low as tho 
one nor rise so high as the other, its range is 
from the lower G of the bass stall to the lower F of the 
treble. The quality is that of a high bass rather than that 
of a low tenor. Frequently applied to the person possess- 
ing a voice of this quality : as, Signor S. is a great barytone. 
Haunting harmonies hover arouud us, deep and eternal 
like the undying barytone of the sea. 
Lou/ell, Among my Books, 2d ser., p. 240. 
