belladonna 
natural order Nola nace<f, a native of cent nil 
and southern Kuropc. All parts ,,l the plant arc 
pOlfOUOItS, ami dcpi'iiil tor UK ir phai niai-odynamic prop 
i rtirs on llu- alkaloid alropin. Tin- plant and its alkaloid 
are largely used in ninlirinc to rvlii-vv puin, to . hi-rk --pa-m 
and exo-.sMvr perspiration, ami especially in surucry to ill 
lati- I hi- pupil a I li I |,ai al\/<- I hi- arroninmilatiiui of tin i'\< 
bell-and-hopper (bol'and-hop'er), . A charg- 
ing dflViM mi top of a blast-furnace. TIM- i,,,i 
loin of tlii' hopper i.sihis.'.l froinlri-ni-ath liya l'll shapi .1 
pirrr, whicti, when lowrivl. prnnit.s tlie on- to fall into 
tin- itock. 
bellandine (bel'an-din), . [Se. ; cf. btillini, 
afij'ht. cotnl>;it. | A <|ii!iiTi'l; u squabble. //'/</. 
bell-animal (bcl'mi'l-mal), . Same as lii II- 
HllilHillriili . 
bell-animalcule (bpl'an-i-mal*kul), n. The 
usu:il Knglish iiiinu' of :i peritrichous cili;iti'd 
iiit'usoi-iiui, of the family t'urlii-illiiln- (which 
see). Sec rut under lurtici'llu. Also called 
bell-polyp. 
bellarmine ( bel'jir-miu), it. [See def.] A largo 
stoneware jug with a capacious belly and nar- 
row neck, decorated with the face of a bearded 
man, originally designed as a caricature of Car- 
dinal Bellarruin, who made himself obnoxious 
to the Protestant party in the Netherlands as 
an opponent of the Reformation, in the end of 
the sixteenth century and the early part of the 
seventeenth. 
Or like a larger Jug that son,,, m.'ii call 
A Kflliiriuiin-. W. fiirta-right, The Ordinary. 
Large i:lol.nlar jng, stamped in relief with a grotesque 
bearded face and other ornameuU, were one of the favour- 
ite forms [in stoneware]. .Such were called "greybeards " 
or Mtenmo, from the unpopular cardinal of that name, 
of whom the bearded face was supposed to be a caricature. 
Kiu-i/e. Brit., XIX. 631. 
bellasombra-tree (bel-a-som'bra-tre), n. [< 
Sp. bella, beautiful, -I- sombra, shade.] A South 
American tree, Phytolacca dioicti, cultivated as 
a shade-tree in Spain, Malta, and some of the 
cities of India. 
Bellatrix (be-la'triks), . [L., fern, of bellator, 
a warrior, < betlarc, wage, < bellum, war: see 
bellicose, belligerent. In sense 1 it is the trans- 
lation by the authors of the Alphonsine Tables 
of the Ar. name Aln&dshitl, the real meaning of 
which is doubtful.] 1. A very white glittering 
star of the second magnitude, in the left shoul- 
der of Orion. It is y Orionis. 2. In ornith., a 
genus of humming-birds. Boie, 1831. 
bell-bind (bel'bmd), n. Another name of the 
hedge-bells or hedge-bindweed of Europe, Con- 
rolvuhts septum. 
bell-bird (bel'berd), n. 1. The arapunga. 2. 
An Australian bird of the family MelipliaQtdce, 
the 3Iti nor/it nit (or Mi/zantha)melanophrys,vrhose 
notes resemble the sound of a bell. 3. An Aus- 
'' 
Bell-cote. 
l, near Rouen. Normandy. 
.-, 1 :, 
bell-cote (bd'kot), . In arch., an ornamental 
construction designed to contain one or two 
bells, ami often 
crowned by a 
small spin 
In-]] i oit- r. i.^ upon 
a wall, ami i 
tillH-s MI[,JIOI I, il liy 
roilirls ; hut no 
change i.s ina,h- on 
aci-omit of iu I.K-- 
cm-c in th,' arrln 
tcctural ,li-po-ni'.M 
of tin: lowrr paii- 
of the huildilUf. 
Si',.),,// 1,,,-,-fl. A No 
writu-ii Ml -ml. 
bell-crank (bel'- 
krangk), n. In 
uiarli., a rectan- 
gular lever by 
which the di- 
rection of mo- 
tion is changed 
through an an- 
gle of 90, and by which its velo- 
city -ratio and range may be alt ered 
at pleasure by making the arms 
of different lengths, it is much cm 
ploji-'t iu machinery, and is named from 
the fact that it is the form of crank em- 
plojvd in ,-han-ini; the direction of the 
in--, of house-bells. F in the cut la the 
i-rnt,-i- ot motion alwmt which the arms oscillate, 
also cut under crank. 
belle (bel), a. and n. [< P. belle, fern, of beau, 
OF. bel, < L. bellus, beautiful: see ben, fteMB.j 
I. a. Beautiful; charming; fair Belle cnere 
[ME., < OF. Mle chert : see belle and chrcr.] Good enter, 
tainment ; good cheer. 
Bele chere 
That he hath had ful oft* tymea here. 
Chaucer, Rhipman'a Tale, 1. 409. 
II. 11. A fair lady; a handsome woman of 
society; a recognized or reigning beauty. 
Where none admin-, 'tis useless to excel; 
Where none are beaux, 'tia vain to be a belle. 
Lord Lyttelton, Beauty in the Country. 
Beauty alone will not make the belle; the beauty must 
be lit up by esprit. 
Arch, t'orbeg. Souvenirs of some Continents, p. 148. 
belled (beld), p. a. Hung with bells; in her., 
having hawk-bells attached : said of a hawk 
when used as a bearing. 
bellelettrist, . See belletrist. 
belleric (be-ler'ik), n. [< F. belleric, ult. < Ar. 
balilaj, < Pers. balilah."] The astringent fruit of 
Terminalia Bellcrica, one of the fruits imported 
from India, under the name of myrobalaits, for 
the use of calico-printers. 
Bellerophon (be-ler'o-fon), w. [L., < Gr. Be?.- 
/tepo^uK, also BeMfpofiSvTtK, a local hero of Cor- 
inth, in Greek myth, the 
bellied 
Reviews of pillilii aliens not purely MMrniii-r epheni- 
rral in their nature an- generally written l,\ profcKsora. 
J. M. Hurt, Herman I niv.-rhities, p. _'7::. 
bell-flower (berflou'er), n. 1. A common name 
for tlie species of I'llnlllillliltit, from the -.h.-ijie 
of the flower, which resembles a bell. See cut 
under Ctiiii/HtMnlii. 2. In some parts of Kng- 
land, the daffodil, Xarcumts Pm-uil" 
Autumn bell-flower, a speciea of gentian, Vrniiana, 
I'll- I' nxilt'l 
bell-founder (tx'l'foun'der), n. A man whose 
occujiiition is to found or cast bells. 
bell-foundry (bel'foun'dri), n. A place where 
lielU :ire fiiuniieil or cast. 
bell-gable (bd'ga'bl), n. 1. The continuation 
upward of a portion of a wall terminated by a 
smiill gable, and pierced to receive one or more 
bells. Such a feature sometimes surmounts the 
bell- 
old name of the daffodil. 
bell-bottle (bel'bot'l), n. Another name of one 
of the two European plants called bluebell, 
Svilla nutaiiK. See bluebell. 
bell-boy (bel'boi), n. A boy who answers a 
bell; specifically, an employee in a hotel who 
attends to the wants of guests in their rooms 
when summoned by bell. 
bell-buoy (bel'boi), . See Intoy. 
bell-cage (bel'kaj), w. A belfry. 
bell-call (bel'kal), H. Same as call-bell. 
bell-canopy (bel'kan*o-pi), n. A canopy-like 
construction of wood or stone, designed to pro- 
tect a bell and its fittings 
from the weather. 
bell-chamber (bel'eham*- 
ber), w. The portion of 
a tower, usually near its 
summit, in which bells 
are hung. It la commonly 
constructed with large open- 
ings on all aides, to permit the 
sound of the bells i<, ditfuse 
itself without impediment. 
bell-chuck (bel'chuk), M. 
A bell-shaped lathe- 
chuck, which, by means 
of set-screws, holds the 
piece to be turned. 
bell-cord (bel'kdrd), . A 
cord attached to a bell; 
specifically, a cord at- 
tached to a bell on a 
locomotive and running 
through the cars of a 
train, used by conductors 
or brakemen in the United States and Canada 
to signal the engineer. 
slayer of the monster 
Chimtera; < *Bf?.)lepof, 
Upper 
Bell-canopy, Harvard Col- 
lege, Cambridge, Mass. 
supposed to mean 'mon- 
ster,' "I- -^KJK, -<t>6l>T>lf, 
slayer, < "ifiav, kill, akin 
to E. bane 1 , q. v.] An 
extinct genus of gastro- 
pods, typical of the fam- 
ily Bellcrophontida: It U 
one of the genera whose shells largely enter into the com- 
position of limestone beds of the Silurian, Devonian, and 
CarlMHiiferous einicha. 
bellerophontid (be-ler-o-fon'tid), n. [< Bellero- 
phontiaa?.] A gastropod of the family Bellero- 
phontida?. 
Bellerophontidae (be-ler-o-fon'ti-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Bellerophon(t-) + -ite.] An extinct 
family of gastropods, typified by the genus Bcl- 
lerophon. The ahell was symmetrically involute and 
uautiliform, with the periphery carinated or sulcated and 
notched or incised at the lip. The species flourished and 
were numerous In the Paleozoic age. Their affinities are 
uncertain. Formerly they were associated by most au- 
thors with the heteropod Allan! iilir, but they are now 
generally approximated to the Pleurotoinariida, of the 
order Hh ipttluglitxxa. 
belles-lettres (bel'let'r), n. pi. [F., lit. 'fine 
letters' (like beaux-arts, fine arts): belle, fine, 
beautiful; lettre, letter, pi. lettres, literature: 
see belle and letter.'] Polite or elegant litera- 
ture: a word of somewhat indefinite applica- 
tion, including poetry, fiction, and other imagi- 
native literature, and the studies and criticism 
connected therewith ; literature regarded as a 
form of fine art. 
belletrist, bellelettrist (be-let'rist), n. [< 
belles-lfttres + -ixt.] One devoted to belles- 
lettres. 
bellettristic (bel-et-ris'tik), a. [<' belle(s)- 
lettr(en) + -ixt + -ic; G. belletristixch.] Of, per- 
taining to, or of the nature of belles-lettres. 
Bell-gable. Church of S. S. Annunziala. Florence. 
apex of a church-gable. 2. Any gable when 
the wall composing it is pierced for bells. 
[Bell-gables of both varieties are not uncom- 
mon in medieval architecture.] 
bell-gamba (bel'gam'ba), . Same as eone- 
fjiimlia (which see). 
bell-gastrula (bel'gas'tre-ia), n. In Wo/., the 
original, primary palingenetic form of gas- 
trula, according to tne views of Haeckel : same 
as archigastrula. See cut under aastrula. 
bell-glass (bel'glas), n. A bell-shaped glass 
vessel used to cover objects which require pro- 
tection from variations of the atmosphere, dust, 
and influences of like character, as delicate 
plants, bric-a-brac, small works of art, clocks, 
etc., or to hold gases in chemical operations. 
bell-hanger (berhang'er), n. One who hangs 
and repairs bells. 
bell-harp (bel'harp), n. An old stringed in- 
strument, consisting of a wooden box about 
two feet long, containing a harp or lyre with 
eight or more steel strings. The player twanged the 
strings with the thumbs of both hands inserted through 
holes in the box, meanwhile swinging the box from side 
to side, like a bell. 
bellibonet, . [One of Spenser's words, appar. 
< F. belle et bonne, beautiful and good. See 
belle, bonne, and 6o 2 .] A bonny lass. 
bellict, bellicalt (bel'ik. -i-kal), a. [Also bel- 
lique, < F. beltique, < L. betticus, warlike, < 
bellum, war.] Pertaining to war ; warlike : as, 
"bellique Caesar," Feltham, Resolves, ii. 52. 
bellicose (bel'i-kos), a. [< L. bellicosus, < hel- 
ium, OL. duellum, war, orig. a combat between 
two, < duo = E. two. Cf. duel.] Inclined or 
tending to war; warlike; pugnacious: as, bel- 
licose sentiments. 
Arnold was in a bellicose vein. Irving. 
I saw the bull always alert and brUicost, charging the 
footmen, who pricked and baited, and enraged him with 
their scarlet mantles. 
C. D. Warner, Roundabout Journey, p. 271. 
bellicosely (bel'i-kos-li), adv. In a bellicose 
or warlike manner ; pugnaciously. 
Anything like rallying the more bcUicotcly inclined of 
the pilgrims would, under the circumstances, be out of 
the question. O'I)iuti,r<in, Merv, x. 
belliconst (bel'i-kus), a. [As bellicose, < L. bel- 
licottus; or < L. bellicus : see bellicose, bellic.] 
Bellicose: as, " bellicous nations," Sir T. Smith, 
Commonwealth of Eng. 
bellied (bel'id), a. [< belly + -erf2.] 1. Having 
a belly (of the kind indicated in composition): 
as, big-bellied; pot-bellied. 2. In bot., ventri- 
cose; swelling out in the middle. 3. In 'inn I., 
