accusative 42 
being a translation of Gr. airtartKt/ (sc. WTUOIC., accuset (a-kuz'), w. [=It. accusa, charge; from 
casus), regarded as ' the case of accusing,' fern, the verb'.'] Accusation, 
of airia-iKof, usually translated ' of or for accu- York 
sation,' but rather ' (the ease) of the effect.' or By MHOMMM doth level at my life, 
terminal cause of the action of the verb, < atria- Shak., -2 Hen. vi., iii. i. 
r6v, effect, neut. of airmroc, effected, < aind- accusementt (a-kuz'ment), n. [< ME. <- 
adai, allege as the cause, charge, accuse, < air/a, ment, < OF. *acusemcn/"ti<-<-ii.- UK-HI, < nciixrr, ac- 
a cause, occasion, charge.] I. a. If. Producing cuse.] Accusation, 
accusations ; accusatory. By forged accusements . . . were condemned. 
This hath been a very acciixiitin' ;u,'r. llnlhix/n'il. 
Sir E. Dering, Speeches, p. 112. aCCUSCr (a-ku'zer), n. [< ME. accuser, ac- 
2. In gram., noting especially the direct object cusour, < AF. accusour, OF. acusor, acutteor, F. 
of a verb, and to a considerable extent (and accusateur, < L. accusator, accuser, < accumre : 
probably primarily) destination or goal of mo- see accuse, v.] One who accuses or blames ; 
tion : applied to a case forming part of the specifically, a person who formally accuses an- 
original Indo-European declension (as of the other of an offense before a magistrate o a 
case-systems of other languages), and retained tribunal of any kind. 
as a distinct form by the older languages of the accusingly (a-ku'zing-li), adv. In an accusing 
family, and by some of the modern, in English manner, 
grammar it is usually called the objective case. Its abbre- accustom (a-kus'tom), r. [< late ME. acus- 
viation is ace. 
II. n. Short for accusative case. See I.. 2. 
accusatively (a-ku'za-tiv-li), adv. If. In an 
accusative manner; by way of accusation. 
2. In gram., in the position or relation of the 
accusative case. 
accusatorial (a-ku-za-to'ri-al), a. [< L. accusa- 
torius, < accusator, accuser: see accusatory.'] 
Of or pertaining to an accuser or a prosecutor: 
as, accusatorial functions. [Rare.] 
accusatorial^ (a-ku-za-to'ri-al-i), ode. In an 
accusatorial manner. 
accusatory (a-ku'za-to-ri), a. [< L. accusato- 
rius, < accusator, accuser, < accusare : see ac- 
cuse.] Accusing; containing an accusation: 
as, an accusatory libel. 
I would say a word now on two portions of his public 
life, one of which has been the subject of accusatory, the 
other of disparaging, criticism. 
R. Choate, Addresses, p. 284. 
accuse (a-kuz'), v. t. ; pret. and pp. accused, ppr. 
accusing. [< ME. accusen, acusen, < OF. acuser, 
tomc, acustume, < OF. acoustumer, acostumer 
(F. accoutumer = Sp. acostumbrar = Pg. acos- 
tumar=U. accostumare), < a (L. ad), to, + cous- 
tume (F. eoutume), custom: see custom.] I. 
trans. To familiarize by custom or use ; habitu- 
ate or inure : as, to accustom one's self to a 
spare diet; time may accustom one to almost 
anything ; to be accustomed to hard work. 
So accustomed to his freaks and follies, that she viewed 
them all as matters of course. 
Hawthorne, Twice-Told Tales, I. 176. 
We are not accustomed to express our thoughts or emo- 
tions by symbolical actions. Emerson, Misc., p. 24. 
= Syn. To habituate, familiarize, inure, harden, train. 
n.t intrans. 1. To be wont or habituated to 
do anything. 
A boat, over-freighted, sunk, and all drowned, saving one 
woman, in her first popping up again, which most li\ in;,' 
things accustom, got hold of the boat. Careic. 
2. To consort or cohabit. 
Much better do we Britons fulfil the work of nature than 
you Romans; we, with the best men, accustom openly; 
T " ' LN "' "2 S a Wr> * ou - with tne 1>ase8t . " Private adultery, 
i . accuser = Pr. acusar, accusar = Sp. acusar Milton, Hist. 
""7 uvv v/i*wat.. j A. j. \j 1. Gtl'HCllOrClOl) ( 
SuH or pZr^l " agai ^' a V f \ < i rime ' aCCUStomablet (a-kus'tom-a-m;, a. ^accus- 
aMwrtK?4fi!^ asitt 3 JS^2^i 
!2S^j!a?5te^*!5P..- rOrig?'of ZnTnd, a xx. re8ldenCe> ^ * 
Acephala 
rentine form of Gr. E!C (ace. eva), one, a unit ; 
akin to L. scm-el and E. xaii/e : see same.] 1. 
A unit; specifically, a single pip on a card or 
die, or a card or die marked with a single pip. 
2. A very small quantity; a particle; an 
atom ; a trifle : as, the creditor will not abate 
an ace of his demand. 
I'll not wag an ace farther. Dryden, Spanish Friar. 
-ace. [< F. -ace, < It. -azzo, -accio, m., -n~;<t, 
-accia, f., an aug. or depreciative suffix.] A 
noun-suffix occurring in populace, pinnace, etc. 
(which see). It is not used as an English for- 
mative. In menace, grimace, and other words, 
tin- suffix is of different origin. 
-acea. [L., neut. pi. of -aceus: see -aceous.] A 
suffix used in New Latin to 'form names of 
classes or orders of animals, as Cetacea, Crus- 
tacea, etc., these names being properly adjec- 
tives, agreeing with Latin animalia (animals) 
understood. 
-aceae. [L.. fern, pi. of -aceus: see -aceous.] A 
suffix used in New Latin to form names of or- 
ders or families of plants, as LUiacea; Kosaceie, 
etc., these names being properly adjectives, 
agreeing with Latin plan to (plants) understood. 
-acean. [< L. -ace-us + -an.] A suffix of adjec- 
tives, equivalent to -aceous (which see) ; also of 
nouns to supply a singular to collective plurals 
in -area, as cetacean, crustacean, etc. 
acedia (a-se'di-a), n. [NL.,< Gr. aioiiia, collateral 
form of anf/fata, indifference, heedlessness, in 
eccl. use 'sloth,' < aur/ofa indifferent, heedless, 
< a- priv. + Kijiof, care, distress, Ki/6ea0ai, be trou- 
bled or distressed; in ML. corrupted to aecitlia, 
> ME. accidie, q. v.] An abnormal mental con- 
dition, characterized by carelessness, listless- 
ness, fatigue, and want of interest in affairs. 
A melancholy leading to desperation, and known to 
theologians under the name of acedia, was not uncommon 
in monasteries, and most of the recorded instances of 
medieval suicides in Catholicism were by monks. 
Lecky, Europ. Morals, II. 56. 
acedy (as'e-di), . Same as acedia. 
Aceldama (a-sel'da-mii), n. [ME. (Wyclif) 
Achildemali, Acheldemah"; < L. Aceldama, < Gr. 
. 
. A field said to have been situ- 
ated Bouth of Jerusalem, the potter's field, pur- 
Jud took for 
chased with the bribe 
i\ mi:* mies acc-usiomaoiy pam. aacon, Alienations. 
Accuse not nature ; she hath done her part. aCCUStomancet (a-kus'tpm-ans), n. [< ME. acus- 
Milton, p. L., viii. 661. tumauiice, accustomance, < OF. acoustumance (F. 
The system of warfare . . . which had already converted 
immense tracts into one universal Aceldama. 
Sterne, Trii 
The professors are accused of the ill 
Addison. 
The Romanists accuse the Protestants .for their indiffer- 
ence. Southey, Quarterly Rev., I. 193. 
2. To indicate ; evince; show; manifest; show 
signs of. [A Gallicism, now rare.] 
Amphialus answered . . . with such excusing himself 
that more and more accused his love to Philoclea. 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, ii. 
= Syn. 1. Accuse, Charge, Indict, Arraign, Impeach, In- 
criminate, criminate, inculpate, tax with, taunt with im- 
pute to. Of these words charge is the most general, and 
may be the weakest, being used of any sort of imputa- 
tion, large or small, against persons or things formally or 
informally, publicly or privately. Accuse commonly, 
though not invariably, expresses something more formal 
and grave than charge. Indict is a purely legal term, re- 
stricted to the action of a grand jury when it makes a 
formal complaint against a supposed offender, in order 
that he may be brought to trial. Arraign has primarily 
the same meaning with indict, but is freer in figurative 
use : as, to arraign a political party at the bar of public 
sentiment. Impeach is to bring to answer before some 
legislative body for wrong-doing in a public office, and has 
been so long associated with the peculiar dignity, solem- 
nity, and impressivenessof such trials that it has been lifted 
into corresponding importance in its figurative uses. In- 
criminate is obsolescent except in the special meaning of 
involving another with one's self : as, in his confession he 
incriminated several persons hitherto unsuspected. To 
charge with a fault ; to accuse of dishonesty ; to indict for 
felony and arraign before the court ; to impeach a magis- 
trate or one's motives or veracity ; to incriminate others 
with one's self in a confession of guilt. 
And from rebellion shall derive his name, 
Though of rebellion others he accuse. 
Milton, P. L, xii. 37. 
Charging the Scripture with obscurity and imperfec- 
tlon - Stillingjleet. 
It is held that the power of impeachment extends only 
to such offenders as may afterward be indicted and puif- 
ished according to law : that is, that the house can only 
impeach, the senate remove, for indictable offenses. 
Cyc. Pol. Sri., II. 481. 
Day by day the men who guide public affairs are ar- 
raigned before the judgment-seat of the race. 
Bancroft, Hist. Const., I. 5. 
Custom ; habitual use or practice. 
Through accustomance and negligence. Boyle. 
accustomarilyt (a-kus'tom-a-ri-li), adv. Ac- 
cording to custom or common practice ; custom- 
arily. 
accustomaryt (a-kus'tom-a-ri), a. [< accustom 
+ -an/. Cf . customary.] tlsual ; customary, 
t'sual and acciuttomary swearing. 
Dr. Featley, Dippers Dipt, p. 160. 
accustomatet (a-kus'tom-at), a. [ = OF. acos- 
to/e' = It. accostumato =Pg. acostumado = Sp. 
acostumbrado (in adv. acostumbradamente); ac- 
custom + -ate 1 . Cf. accustomed.] Customary, 
f 'ard. Lainbridge. 
accustomed (a-kus'tomd), p. a. [< ME. acs- 
tomed; pp. of accustom.] 1. Often practised 
or used ; customary ; habitual ; made familiar 
through use ; usual ; wonted : as, in their ac- 
customed manner. 
It is an accustomed action with her. Shak,, Macb., v. 1. 
My old accustomed corner here is, 
The table still is in the nook ; 
Ah ! vanished many a busy year is 
This well-known chair since last I took. 
Thackeray, Ballad of Bouillabaisse. 
2f. Having custom or patronage ; frequented. 
A we\l-accu*tom'd house, a handsome barkeeper, with 
clean obliging drawers, soon get the master an estate. 
Mrs. Centlivre, Bold Stroke, i. 1. 
accustomedness (a-kus'tomd-nes), n. Famil- 
iarity ; wontedness ; the quality of being accus- 
tomed (to). [Bare.] 
Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart. 
Bp. Pearce, Sermons, p. 230. 
Freedom from that bad accustomedness to evil and 
wrong. The American, VII. 164. 
ace (as), n. [< ME. as, aas, < OF. as, an ace, F. 
as = Sp. as = Pg. a,z = It. asso = G. ass = D. 
aas = Icel. ass = Sw. ess = Dan. es, < L. as (ace. 
assem), a unit, a pound, a foot, usually but prob. 
erroneously derived from or, said to be the Ta- 
Acemetic (as--met'ik), a. [< Acemeti : see Accs- 
metce.] Belonging to or resembling the Aceme- 
to or Accemetw ; hence, sleepless. 
That proposition (that one of the Trinity was made 
flesh] . . . was impugned by the Acemetic monks alone. 
Mullock, tr. of Liguori, p. 173. 
acensuada (Sp. pron. a-then-so-a'da), M. [Sp., 
pp. of acensuar, to lease out for a certain rent, 
< a- (< L. ad, to) + censo, rent: see censo.] In 
Mexican law, property subject to the lien of a 
censo (which see). 
acentric (a-sen'trik). a. [<Gr. aKevrpoc, not 
central, < a- priv. + nevrpav, center: see center.] 
Not centric ; having no center. 
-aceous. [Accom. of L. -ace-its, -a, -mn, a com- 
pound adj. termination, as in herb-dceus, ros- 
dceus, gallin-dceus, cret-dceus, test-dceus, etc.: 
see the corresponding E. forms.] An adjective- 
suffix, as in herbaceous, cretaceous, etc., used 
especially in botany and zoology, forming Eng- 
lish adjectives to accord with New Latin nouns 
in -acea;, -acea (which see), as rosaceous, lilia- 
ceous, cetaceous, crustaceous, etc. 
acephal (as'e-fal), n. One of the AcepJtala. 
Acephala (a-sef 'a-la), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. aneQalM, 
neut. pi. of aid-Qa)iof, headless: see acephalus.] 
1 . A term introduced by Cuvier into systematic 
zoology, and applied by him as a class name to 
a combination of the conchiferouslamellibran- 
chiate mollusks and the tunicates. Later writers 
apply it to the lamellibrauchiate mollusks alone, which 
constitute a natural class, distinguished by Lamarck as 
the Conchifera. All the ordinary bivalves belong to this 
class. The Acephala or Acephales of Cuvier were at first 
(1789) the third order of Molhwca, and included cirripeds, 
tunicates, and brachiopods with ordinary bivalve mollusks, 
being thus equivalent to Cirriptdi'i. TunietOA, and Cnwhi- 
Sera of Lamarck. In 1804 Cuvier excluded the cirripeds 
and brachiopods, and made Acephala a class of Molluxca. 
In the "Kegne Animal" (1817-1829) Acephala are Cuvier's 
fourth class of Mollitsca, with twoonlers, Acephala testacea 
or shelled acephals, the ordinary bivalve mollusks, and 
Acephala nuda, or shell-less acephals, the tunicates. 
