-ffigithalinas 
family Partdte, typified by the genus ^gitlialxs. 
It was named by Keichenbach in 1850, anil by Cray is 
made to include Panurus and a number of other genera 
of tits of Europe, Asia, and Africa. 
JEgithalus (e-jith'a-lus), n. [NL.,<Gr. a'ryiOa- 
Mf, the tit, L. parus.] The typical genus of 
jUgithalince, based upon Parity peticlulmus, one 
of the European bottle-tits. The name is also used 
for another genus of tits, more commonly called Acredula 
(which see), of which A. eaudata is the type. Also writ- 
ten ^E 
92 
Reading aegrotat, in some universities, leave taken, 
commonly in December, in order to get time to read for 
one's degree. 
aegyrite,_w. See cegirite. 
aelurid (e-lu'rid), n. A carnivorous mammal 
.Sgithognatliae (e-ji-thog' na-the), n. pi. [NL. , 
<Gr. afytfot, also aiyioOoc, the hedge-sparrow, 
or perhaps the bunting, + yvathc, jaw.] In 
Huxley's classification of birds, a suborder of 
Carinatce, having the bones of the palate dis- 
posed as in the sparrow and other passerine 
birds, and embracing the passerines, swifts, 
and woodpeckers. See (egithognathism. 
aegithognathism (e-ji-thog'na-thism), n. The 
quality or condition of being eegithognathous ; 
that structure of the bony palate of birds which 
consists in the union of the vomer with the 
alinasal walls and turbinals, and is character- 
istic of the suborder ^Egithognathte. Parker dis- 
tinguishes four styles : (a) tiuemuttt, very curiously ex- 
hibited by the low Turtiix, which is closely related to 
gallinaceous birds ; (6. c) complete, as represented under 
two varieties, one typified by the crow, an oscine passerine, 
the other by the claiuatorial passerines Pachjfrhatnphuti 
and Pipra ; (d) compound, that is, mixed with a kind of 
desmognathism. 
jEffithoffiiathixm is exhibited almost unexceptionally by 
the great group of passerine birds ; it is also nearly coin- 
cident with Passeres though a few other birds notably 
the swifts, also exhibit it. Coues, N. A. Birds, p. 172. 
aegithognathous (e - ji - thog ' na - thus), a. [As 
jxSgithognathtB + -ous.~\ Of, pertaining to, or 
having the characteristics of the JEgitliognathce ; 
having the vomer united with the alinasal walls 
and turbinals. See xgithognathism. 
JEgle (e'gle), H. [L., < Gr. aiyty, splendor, a 
female name in Greek mythology.] 1. A ge- 
nus of plants of tropical India, allied to and 
resembling the orange-tree, but with trifoliate 
leaves. *-K. Marmelux, the Bengal quince, golden apple, 
or be), has an aromatic fruit, somewhat like an orange. 
A perfume and a yellow dye are obtained from the rind, 
anil the dried fruit is a popular remedy in diarrhea and 
dysentery. 
2. A genus of brachyurous decapodous crusta- 
ceans, or crabs, of which a species, JEgle mfo- 
punctata, is found in Mauritius and the Philip- 
pine islands. 3. A genus of mollusks. Oken, 
1815. See Pneumodermon. 4. A genus of 
lepidopterous insects. Hiibner, 1816. 
aegobronchophony (e"g6-broug-kof 'o-ni), n. 
[< Gr. aif (a<j-), goat, + fipbyxia, the bronchial 
tubes, + (fiavf/, voice.] In pathol., a combina- 
tion of two sounds, SBgophony and bronchoph- 
ony, heard by auscultation in pleuro-pneumo- 
nia. See wgophony and bronchophony. 
aegocerine (e-gos'e-rin), a. Pertaining to or 
characteristic of tne genus Mgoccrug: as, an 
legocerine goat or antelope; cegocerine horns. 
Also written aigocerine. 
-SIgocerus (e-gos'e-rus), n. [NL., < Gr. oif 
(aiy-), goat, + nipaf, a horn.] 1. A genus of 
wild goats, related to the ibexes, of the subfam- 
ily Caprinte. P. S. Pallas, 1811 ; J. E. Gray. 
2. A genus of antelopes with long spiral horns, 
related to the oryx and the addax, of the sub- 
family Antilopiiue : equal to Hippotragus (Sunde- 
vall). Hamilton Smith, 1827 : H. X. Turner, 1849. 
Also written Aigocerus, ^Egoceros. 
aegophonic (e-go-fon'ik), a. Of or pertaining 
to segophony. Sometimes written egophonie. 
aegophony (e-gof'o-ni), n. [< Gr. <u"f (aij--), a 
goat, + tyuvi], voice, sound.] In patliol., a form 
of vocal resonance, broken and tremulous, heard 
in auscultation, and suggesting the bleating of 
a goat. It is best heard in hydrothorax at the 
level of the fluid. Sometimes written egophony. 
segropile (e'gro-pil), n. Same as agagropile. 
aegrotans (e-gro'tanz), n. ; pi. cegrotantes (e-gro- 
tan'tez). [L., ppr. of cegrotare, be sick: see 
cegrotat.~\ In English universities, one who is 
sick ; one who holds an regrotat (which see). 
aegrotant (e-gro'tant), n. [< L. a>grotan(t-)s, 
ppr. of (egrotare : see cegrotat.] One who is 
sick ; an invalid. [Rare.] 
aegrotantes, n. Plural of asgrotans. 
aegrotat (e-gro'tat), n. [L., he is sick, 3d pers. 
sing. pres. ind. of (egrotare, be sick, < cegrotus, 
sick, < teger, sick.] In English universities, a 
medical certificate given to a student showing 
that he has been prevented by sickness from 
attending to his duties. Also called ceger. 
I sent my servant to the apothecary for a thing called 
an ceijrotat, which I understood . . . meant a certificate 
that I was indisposed. 
Babbage, Pass, from Life of a Phil. (1864), p. 37. 
of the family 
-SJluridae (e-lu'ri-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
+ -idai.] A family of carnivorous quadrupeds, 
of the order Feme, suborder J-'i>tnii>i'<1i(i, and 
series Arctoidea, closely related to the Ursula- 
(bears). It is based upon a single genus and species, 
-Mnrtttf fulticnx, the i>aiida, resembling a racoon in some 
respects. The technical characters of the family are found 
chit-fly in the details of the skull and teeth, as compared 
with those of either bears or racoons. The tail is well de- 
veloped (rudimentary in Ursulas) ; the teeth are 36 in num- 
ber (40 in Proci/onidct) ; there are only 2 true molars on 
each side of either jaw, with 3 premolars, 1 canine, and 
3 incisors. The alisphenoid canal is well developed ; the 
auditory India is very small, and is separated from the long 
trigonal paroccipital process. Also written Aihtrida. 
asluroid (e-lu'roid), a. and n. [< Gr. <u/loty>of, a 
cat (see JEhirus), + elrfof, form.] I. a. Feline ; 
cat-like; specifically, of or pertaining to the 
H. H. A member of the JEluroidea. 
jEluroidea (e-lu-roi'de-a), n. pi. [NL. : see 
wliiroid.] A superfamily section of feline fis- 
siped carnivorous mammals, typified by the 
cat family, Felidai, and containing also the 
families Cryptoproctidte, Protelida;, Hycenidce, 
Fiverridte, and Eupleridte (but not the family 
JElurida:) : distinguished as a series from the 
Vynoidea or canine series, and the Aretoidea or 
ursine series (to which the family Jlluridce be- 
longs). The carotid canal is not well developed ; the 
glenoid foramen is minute or wanting ; the foramen 
lacerum posterius and the condyloid foramen debouch 
together ; Cowper's glands are present ; and the os penis 
is rudimentary, except in Cryptoprocta. .Eluroidea typica 
are the true felines or cats, of the families Felidac and 
Cryptoprvctidce. *f!luroidea hyaen\fonnia are the hyenas, 
of the families Ry&nidte and Protelutte. JZluroidfa 
mverri/onnia are the civets, ichneumons, etc., of the fam- 
ilies Viverrittce and Eupleridat. See these family names. 
Flower; Gill. Also written Ailuroidca. 
It is unfortunate that the two names JElttroidea and 
Kliindii' should clash, as not belonging to the same sec- 
tions [of the Camivora]. /'''. Zool. Class., p. 258. 
JEluropoda (e-lu-rop'o-da), . pi. [NL., neut. 
pi. of (fluropus (-pod-), adj. : see (eluropodous.] 
A name given by J. E. Gray to the typical vi- 
verrine division of the family Viverridce, the 
species of which division are aeluropodous 
(which see). The name is contrasted with 
Cynopoda. 
aeluropodous (e-lu-rop'o-dus), a. [< NL. aslu- 
ropus (-pod-), adj., cat-footed: see JEluropux.] 
Cat-footed ; having feet like a cat, that is, with 
sharp, retractile claws : opposed to cynopodous, 
or dog-footed, and specifically applied to the 
typical viverrine division of the family Viver- 
ridte. 
XlurOPUS (e-lu'ro-pus), n. [NL., < Mlurus, q. 
v., + Gr. irovf (rroi-) = E. foot."] A remarkable 
i. 
tnelattolfucus. 
genus of carnivorous quadrupeds of the arctoid 
series of the order Ferte, connecting the true 
bears with JElurus and other genera. In the upper 
jaw they have 3 incisor, 1 canine, 4 premolar, and 2 molar 
teeth, and in the lower 3 incisors, 1 canine, 3 premolars, 
and 3 molars ; the skull has a short facial portion, the 
bony palate not extending back of the teeth, an alisphenoid 
canal, an enormous sagittal crest, and zygomatic arches ; 
the tail is very short, and the feet are less plantigrade and 
the soles more hairy than in the true bears. *K. melano- 
leucuji, of Tibet, the type and only species, is of the size of 
a small brown bear, of a whitish color, with black limbs, 
shoulders, ears, and eye-ring. Also written Ailuropu*. 
Ilurus (e-lu'rus), n. [NL., < Gr. aihovpos. a cat, 
perhaps < aio/lof, quick-moving, + oiipa, tail. The 
early history of the domestic cat being involved 
in doubt (see cat), some identify the Gr. altovpof 
with the ferret or polecat, Putorius furo, and 
others with the genet or civet-cat, a species of 
Viverra.'] The typical genus of the family 
.Solididae 
JEluridie (which see), contaiiiing the wah or 
panda, ^litnisfiilgois, of India. Also written 
A ilurus. 
JEolian 1 (e-6'li-an), a. [< L. Colitis, < Gr. 
A.i6?.tof, ^olian, < AioXoc, ^olus, the god of the 
winds : see Jtolus.] 1. Pertaining to jEolus, the 
god of the winds in Greek mythology, and hence 
sometimes (with or without a capital) to the 
wind in general: as, the ^Eolian Isles (now the 
Lipari islands, north of Sicily), the fabled home 
of the god. Also written Eolian and Aiolian. 
The breezes blur the fountain's glass, 
And wake .Kalian melodies. 
T. B. Aldrieh, Pampinea. 
2. II. c.~\ Due to atmospheric action; wind- 
blown: as, an ceolian deposit: applied, in geol., to 
accumulations of detntal material, especially 
fine sand and loam, which have been carried to 
their present position by the wind. By far the 
most important deposit of this kind is the loess of north- 
western China (see loea), and it was to designate this pecu- 
liar and most remarkable formation that the term ceolian 
wns applied in gculojiy in plan- nf M/(;. //( (which see). 
Also written tolian. JEolian attachment, a contrivance 
attached to a pianoforte, by which a stream of air can be 
thrown upon the wires, prolonging their vibration and 
greatly increasing the volume of sound. JEollan harp 
or lyre, a stringed instrument that is caused to sound by 
the impulse of air. A common form is that of a box of 
thin fibrous wood, to which are attached a number of fine 
catgut strings, sometimes as many as fifteen, of equal 
length and tuned in unison, stretched on low bridges at 
each end. Its length is made to correspond with the size 
of the window or aperture in which it is intended to be 
placed. When the wind blows athwart the strings it pro- 
duces the effect of an orchestra when heard at a distance, 
sweetly mingling all the harmonics, and swelling or dimin- 
ishing the sounds according to the strength of the blast. 
JEolian rocks. See above, 2. 
(e-6'li-an), a. and n. [< L. JEoliug, <Gr. 
f, < Aio/lof/'^Eolus, the mythical founder of 
the ^Eolians, one of the sons of Hellen, reputed 
ancestor of all the Hellenes, > Gr. AJo/ei'f, an 
.lEolian, pi. Am/Mf. Aio'/.ijf, > L. JEoles, the jEoli- 
ans. See JMfaM*.] I. a. Pertaining to the 
branch of the Greek race named from ..Knlus, 
son of Hellen, or to ^Eolia or ^Eolis. a district 
of Asia Minor north of Ionia colonized by and 
named from them jEollan mode, (a) in Greek 
music, a diatonic scale consisting of two steps + a half 
step + two steps + a half step + a step. It is correctly 
represented by the natural notes of the staff beginning 
with A and counting downward. Usually and more prop- 
erly called the hypodorian, sometimes the Locrian, mode, 
(b) The ninth of the Gregorian church modes or scales. It 
was the fifth of the authentic modes, and consisted of a 
step + a half step + two steps + a half step + two steps, 
represented by the natural notes of the start" beginning 
with A and counting upward. 
II. n. A member of one of the three great 
divisions of the ancient Greek race, the two 
other divisions being the Dorian and the Ionian. 
The inhabitants of JColis, of part of Thessaly, of Bojotia 
and much of central Greece, of Arcadia, and other dis- 
tricts not Dorian or Ionian, were commonly accounted 
! . .lia MS. The Acheans, when not spoken of as a distinct 
race of Greeks, were also included among the .Knlians. 
Also written Eolian and Aiolian. 
(e-ol'ik), a. and n. [< L. MoUcus, < Gr. 
f, of or pertaining to ^Eplis or the ^Eoli- 
ans : see ^3?ofia 2 .] I. a. Pertaining to ./Eolis or 
^Eolia, to the Cohans, or to .3Dolus, their myth- 
ical ancestor; Eolian: as, JSoHc towns; the 
lic branch of the Greek race. 
That Dicaiarchus was correct is proved by an examina- 
tion of the peculiar position occupied by the traces of 
Aiolic influence in Homer. Amer. Jovr. Philol.,\ll. 232. 
JEolic dialect, one of the three great dialects or groups 
of subdialects of ancient Greek, the others being the Doric 
and Ionic. It was spoken in jEolis and many other Greek 
countries, and is important as the dialect used by the 
Lesbian poets Sappho, Alcams, etc. 
II. n. The language of the JSolians ; the 
^Eolian dialect of Greek. 
Also written Eolic and Aiolic. 
solid, aeolidid (e'o-lid, e-ol'i-did), n. A mem- 
ber of the JEoHda: or JEoUdidiK. 
JEolidsB (e-ol'i-de), . pi. Same as Molldida:. 
-32olididae (e-6-lid'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < JEolis 
(-id-) + -ida.] A family of nudibranchiate 
gastropodous mollusks, with diversiform gills 
placed on the sides of the back, and the tenta- 
cles retractile. They are active, and swim freely on 
their backs. In the genus ,oK (which see) the gills con- 
sist of an immense number of finger-like processes, forming 
tufts on each side of the body, some of which receive caecal 
prolongations of the stomach and liver. Their papillie pos- 
