JEolldldia 
sess the power of discharging, when the animal is irritated, 
a milky fluid, which, however, is harmless to the human 
skin. Also written EoMdida, .Kolidce, Eolidfz. 
(e"o-li-di'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Molis 
(.id-) + -ina>.] ' A group of mollusks. See jEo- 
lidida?. Also written Eolldina;. 
aeolina (e-o-li'na), n. [< L. .-Solus, < Gr. AioAof, 
the god of the" winds: see JEolus.] A small 
free-reed musical instrument, the precursor of 
the accordion and concertina (which see), in- 
vented by Wheatstone about 1829. 
aeolipile (e'o-li-pil or e-ol'i-pil), n. [< L. axtli- 
pihK, pi., < jEohis, god of the winds (see JEolus), 
+ pila, a ball. ] An instrument illustrating the 
expansive force of steam generated in a closed 
vessel, and escaping by a narrow aperture, 
said to have been invented by Hero of Alex- 
andria in the second century B. C. It consisted 
of a hollow ball containing water and two arms bent in 
opposite directions, 
Ely's ^Eolipile. 
from the narrow 
apertures of which 
steam issued with 
such force that the 
air, reacting on it, 
caused a circular 
or rotary motion of 
the ball. Several 
attempts have been 
made to apply the 
principle of the soo- 
lipile to rotating 
machinery. Ely's seolipile is used for rotating a toy. It 
consists of a boiler, with an ann through which the 
steam is permitted to escape, placed upon a central up- 
right pivot, and connected by a band with the drum of 
the toy to be rotated. Also spelled eolipile and (by mis- 
take) eolipyle. 
jEolis (e'o-lis), n. [NL. (like L. Molls, Gr. A!o/Uf 
(-?-), name of a country), < a'Mof, quick-mov- 
ing, nimble, rapid, changeable.] The typical 
genus of the family JEolididai (which see). Also 
spelled Eolis, as originally by Cuvier, 1798. 
Holism (e'o-lizm), n. [< Gr. *A<oAT^uf, < Aio/U- 
fwv, imitate the ^Eolians: see Molic and -ism.'} 
A peculiarity of the jEolie dialect, or such pe- 
culiarities collectively. Sometimes written Aio- 
listn. 
First must be eliminated from the so-called .-Eolismn all 
phenomena which, so far from deserving the name of 
sEolisms, do not so much as occur in JSolic. 
Amer. Jour, of Philol., V. 621. 
^Eolist (e 'o-list), n. [< L. JEolm, the god of the 
winds, + -ist.] A pretender to inspiration : so 
called humorously by Swift ("Tale of a Tub," 
viii. ), as deriving all things from wind (that is, 
the breath of inspiration). 
aeolotropic (e'o-lo-trop'ik), a. and n. [< aolot- 
ropy + -ic.] I. a. Inpliys., not having the same 
properties in all directions ; non-isotropic ; ani- 
sotropic : said of a body with reference to elas- 
ticity or the action upon it of light, heat, etc. 
An individual body, or the substance of a homogeneous 
solid, may be isotropic in one quality or class of qualities, 
but (eolotropic in others. 
Thornton and Tail, Nat. Phil., I. 677. 
II. n. A non-isotropie substance, or one hav- 
ing different properties in different directions, 
as a biaxial crystal. 
SBOlotropy (e-o-lot'ro-pi), . [< Gr. aio/lof, 
changeful, + -i-poma, < 'rpfireiv, turn.] Inphys., 
the state or quality of being seolotropic ; the 
opposite of isotropy (which see) ; anisotropy. 
In the case of a sphere, the tendency to set in a uniform 
[magnetic] field is wholly dependent on the ceolotropy of 
the sphere. Encyc. Brit., XV. 245. 
-(Bolus (e'o-lus), n. [L.,<Gr. Ato/lof, the god 
of the winds, lit. the rapid or the changeable, < 
<zi<5/lof, quick-moving, rapid, glancing, changing, 
changeable.] 1 . In classical myth., the god and 
ruler of the winds, which at his will he set free 
or held prisoners in a hollowmountain. 2. [/. 
c.] An apparatus for renewing the air in rooms. 
3. A genus of coleopterous insects. Esch- 
scholtz, 1829. 
aeon, aeonian, etc. See eon, eonian, etc. 
)pus (e'pus), . Same as JEpys. 
.Spyornis (e-pi-6r'nis), re. [NL., < Gr. a'ariip, 
high, + apvtf, a bird.] A genus of gigantic 
fossil birds found in Madagascar. The species is 
named .A';>,i/orm> maximum. It was 3-toed like Diitor- 
ni, of similar enormous stature, and is one of the largest 
known birds. The egg was some 12 or 14 inches long, and 
93 
of the capacity of 6 ostrich-eggs or about 12 dozen hen- 
eggs. The remain! are found in very recent deposits, and 
the bird uasprobably cmiteinjMirary with themoa. A-'.jnitif- 
ii'i* is the type of a family .Kpi/nriiithidie, related to the 
liiiKn-nitliiilif. uf the subclass Itittit'i'. .Sometimes spelled 
Kiiiiiirnu, and even K/imntix ; the latter is wholly inad- 
missible. 
jEpyornithes (e-pi-6r'ni-thez), n. pi. [NL., pi. 
of JEpyorHix (-nitli-).] A superfamily group, 
made an order by Newton, of gigantic extinct 
ratite birds, based upon the JEpyornithida: 
(which see). 
^Epyornithidae (e-pi-6r-nith'i-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< jEpyonris (-nitli-) + -idee.'} A family of birds 
represented by the genus jEpyornis (which see). 
^pyprymnus (e-pi-prim'nus), n. [NL., < Gr. 
a'nnif, high, steep, + Kpiipxi, stern.] A notable 
genus of kangaroo-rats of comparatively large 
size, and otherwise resembling the hare-kanga- 
roos, Lagorchestes. The type is M. rufescens, 
the red potoroo of New South Wales. A. H. 
Garrod, 1875. 
^pys (e'pis), n. [NL., <Gr. ami's, also a'nr6f, 
high, steep.] A genus of adephagous beetles, 
of the family Carabida, the larvse of which have 
but one claw on each foot. Also written JE/pus. 
sequaliflorous, a. See equaliflorous. 
asquisonance, aequisonant. See equisonance, 
cquisoiiant. 
^Elquivalvia (e-kwi-val'vi-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
L. tequus, equal, + valva, door (valve).] 1. 
In Lamarck's classification, 1801, one of two 
divisions of his conchiferous Acephalasa, con- 
taining the equivalve bivalves: opposed to 
Incequivalvia. 2. In Latreille's classification, 
1825, one of two divisions of pedunculate Bra- 
chiopoda (the other being Inaiquivalvia), repre- 
sented by the genus Lingula. See cut under 
Lingulidce. 
!quorea (e-kwo're-ii), n. [NL., fern, of L. 
aaiitoreus, of the sea: see asquoreal.'] A genus 
of medusas, constituting the family JEquoreidw 
(which see). M. cyanea is an example. 
asquoreal (e-kwo're-al), a. [< L. aiqiioreus, of the 
sea, < tequor, level) even surface, esp. a calm, 
smooth sea, < cequus, even, equal: see equal.] 
Of or pertaining to the sea ; marine ; oceanic : 
specifically used in the name of a fish, the 
cequoreal pipefish, Syngnathus aiquorea. Yar- 
rcll 
jEciuoreidae, ^quoridas (e-kwo-re'i-de, e- 
kwor'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < j&quorea + -idw.'] A 
family of Hydromedusai, represented by the 
genus JEqworea, with numerous radial vessels 
and marginal tentacles. The family is related to the 
campanularians and sertularians, and pertains to an order 
CalyptoUaitea, or to a suborder Campanularice of Hydro- 
ntedmce. They attain a large size, being a foot or more in 
diameter. The family was founded by Eschscholtz in 1829. 
aer (a'er), n. [L., < Gr. ar/p, air: see m>l.] 1. 
(a) Ordinary air of the atmosphere. (6) Some 
kind of air, as a gas. [Formerly a common 
term in chemistry and physics, now rare or ob- 
solete.] 2. In the Hellenic branch of the East- 
ern Church, the third or outermost of the veils 
placed over the sacrament. See air 1 , n., 7. 
Aer perflabtlis (L., air blowing through), open air. 
Open air, which they call aer perflabilis. 
Bacon, Nat. Hist., 331. 
aera, . See era. 
aeraria, . Plural of cerarium. 
serarian (e-ra'ri-an), a. and . [< L. airarius, 
monetary, fiscal, " cerarius, n. (so. cms), an eera- 
rian, < as (air-), bronze, money: see a*.] I. a. 
In Bom. hist., of or pertaining to the fflrarium or 
Roman treasury; fiscal: as, the cerarian prefects. 
II. n. One of the lowest class of Roman 
citizens, who paid only a poll-tax and had no 
right to vote. To this class the censors could degrade 
citizens of any higher rank who had committed heinous 
crimes. 
asrarium (e-ra'ri-um), n.; pi. atraria (-a). [L., 
neut. of ofrarius, of or pertaining to money : see 
cerarian.] Among the Romans, a place where 
public money was deposited ; the public trea- 
sury. 
aerate (a'e-rat), . t. j pret. and pp. aerated, 
?pr. aerating. [< L. aer, air (see airl), + -ate 2 .] 
. To expose to the free action of the air. 
2. To cause to mix with carbonic-acid or other 
fas. 3. In physiol., to change the circulating 
uids of, as animals, by the agency of the air; 
arterialize Aerated bread, bread baked from dough 
into which carbonic-acid gas has been forced mechanical- 
ly, instead of being set free within its substance by fer- 
mentation of yeast or decomposition of baking-powder. 
Aerated waters, a term applied to a variety of acidu- 
lous and alkaline beverages, more or less impregnated with 
< :nii.ji]ic-acid gas, which renders them sparkling and ef- 
fervescent. The most common, carbonic-acid water (usu- 
ally called Mda-irater, because it was formerly an offici- 
nal preparation and contained sodium carbonate), is made 
agrial 
on a large scale by pouring dilute sulphuric ncid -m carbon- 
iite of lime, marble, c.r chalk. Cnvbunie-add gas is evolved, 
which is either forced into water at once hy its own ten- 
sion as it is evolved, or received in a reservoir and after- 
ward forced into water hy a pump. A small quantity of 
yingeror capsicum-extract and sugar, placed in buttles In- 
fore tilling with this water, converts the solution into gin 
gerade or ginger ale, while essence of lemon, citric arid. 
and sugar mixed in the same way form lemonade. All 
water from natural springs is aerated ; and the flat, mawk- 
ish taste of freshly boiled water is due to the absence of 
air and carbonic acid.- Aerating filter, a water-filter in 
which the water as it descends falls into a closed chamber, 
displacing the contained air.which, passingupward through 
the filtering material, aerates the water in its passage, 
aeration (a-e-ra'shon), . [< aerate.'] 1. The act 
of airing or of exposing to the action of the 
air: as, the aeration of soil by plowing, har- 
rowing, etc. 2. The act or operation of mix- 
ing or saturating with a gas, as carbonic-acid 
gas or common air. 3. In physiol., the arterial- 
ization of the venous blood by respiration in 
the higher animals, and by corresponding pro- 
cesses in the lower animals. 
The taking in of food by a polype is at intervals now 
short, now very long, as circumstances determine ; . . . 
while such aeration as is effected is similarly without a 
trace of rhythm. //. Spencer, Data of Ethics, 28. 
aerator (a'e-ra-tor), n. [< aerate, as if L. "aera- 
tor."] 1. A blower; a contrivance for fumigat- 
ing wheat and other 
grain, to bleach it 
and destroy fungi 
and insects. 2. 
An apparatus for 
forcing air or car- 
bonic-acid gas into 
water or other li- 
quids. The most sim- 
ple form is a mechanical 
device for pumping air 
into water, or a spray 
for bringing water into 
contact with air. More 
complicated forms em- 
ploy chemicals to secure 
the formation of car- 
bonic-acid gas in water 
or liquors, or elaborate 
machinery for forcing 
the gas into vessels con- 
taining the liquid, and 
for producing the prop- 
er mixture by agitating 
of 
Cameron's Aerator. 
a, gas-generator ; b, t>, and m.trt, in, 
agitators ; c, stuffing-box ; t, acid-hold- 
er ; /, conical plug ; g, (t, s, leaden 
pipes ; h, stuffing-box ; k, pin ; /, bridle ; 
n, nut ; o, intermediate vessel ; /, 
pressure-gage ; v, hnpregnator. 
the latter in presence 
the gas under pressure. 
aerial (a-e'ri-al), a. [Formerly also aereal, < L. 
aerius (=Gr. aepiof), also aereus, pertaining to 
the air, < aer, < Gr. aijp : see air 1 .] 1. Belong- 
ing or pertaining to the air or atmosphere ; 
inhabiting or frequenting the air ; existing or 
happening in the air ; produced by or in the air : 
as, aerial regions ; aerial perspective ; aerial 
songsters ; aerial ascents. 
Even till we make the main, and the aerial blue, 
An indistinct regard. Shak., Othello, ii. 1. 
Aerial honey and ambrosial dews. 
Dryden, Virgil's Oeorgics. 
2. Consisting of air; partaking of the nature 
of air ; airy ; hence, unsubstantial ; visionary : 
as, aerial beings ; aerial fancies ; an aerial castle. 
Fays, fairies, genii, elves, and daemons, hear : 
Ye know the spheres and various tasks assign'd 
By laws eternal to the aerial kind. 
Pope, K. of the L., ii. 70. 
The next who follows . . . has to build his own cloud- 
castle as if it were the first aerial edifice that a human 
soul had ever constructed. O. W. Holmes, Emerson, xvi. 
3. Reaching far into the air; high : lofty; ele- 
vated : as, aerial spires ; an aerial flight. 
The aerial mountains which pour down 
Indus and Oxus from their icy caves. Shelley, Alastor. 
4. Possessed of a light and graceful beauty ; 
ethereal. 
Some music is above me ; most music is beneath me. I 
like Beethoven and Mozart or else some of the aerial 
compositions of the older Italians. Coleridge, Table-Talk. 
The light aerial gallery, golden-rail'd, 
Burnt like a fringe of fire. 
Tennyxon, Palace of Art. 
5. In&otf., growing in the air, and independently 
of the soil, as epiphytes, or the adventitious 
roots of some trees : as, aerial orchids or roots. 
Aerial Roots of the Banian (Ficus Indica}. 
