afterings 
It were only yesterday as she aimed her leg right at t' 
pail wi' t' ti.ftt'ri ii'ift in; she knowed it were aj'trriiiyx as 
well as any Christian. Mr*. (insMl, Sylvia's Lovers, xv. 
2f. Figuratively, remaining dregs ; concluding 
incidents or events. 
These are the . . . nftrrtn>i* ufchrist's sllll'eriligs. 
Up. Hall, Sermons, No. M. 
aftermath (after-math), n. [(after + math.] 
A second mowing of grass from the same land in 
the same season. Also called Inttcrmatli, rowen, 
or rowett, and in some places, when left long on 
the ground, /</. 
So by many a sweep 
Of meadow smooth from (Aftermath we reach'd 
The griffin-guarded gates. Tfnniixon, Audley Court. 
To reap an tiflrrnmlli 
Of youth's vainglorious weeds. 
Lowell, Comm. Ode. 
aftermost (after-most), a. superl. [< ME. aftcr- 
mest, eftemest, < AS. leftemest, aftemyst = Goth. 
aftumints, the last, superl. of aftuma, the last, it- 
self a superl., < (if- (see after) + -tu-ma, a double 
superl. suffix associated with the compar. suffix 
-ta-ra, AS. and E. -ter, as in after, q. v. In af- 
termost the r is inserted in imitation of after, 
and -meat is changed to -most in imitation of 
most, superl. of more, q. v. So foremost, Jiind- 
most, inmost, outmost, etc.: see -most.] Hind- 
most; iiaut., nearest the stern: opposed to fore- 
most. [Little used except in the nautical sense. ] 
afterness (af ter-nes), . [< after, a., + -ness.] 
The state of being or coming after. 
afternoon (af-ter-non'), n. and a. [< ME. after- 
non, orig. prep. phr. after none : see after, prep., 
and noon. ] I. H. That part of the day which 
extends from noon to evening. 
II. a. Pertaining to the after part of the day : 
as, afternoon shadows. 
afternoon-ladies (af ter-non-la'diz), n. pi. [Cf. 
F. belle de nuit, lit. the beauty of night.] In 
bot., a species of the four-o'clock, Mirdbilis Ja- 
lapa or H. longiflora : so called from its flow- 
ers opening only toward evening. Also called 
marvel of Peru. 
after-note (af ' ter-not), . In music, the second 
or unaccented note, the first of every two notes 
being naturally accented; one or more small 
notes that are not appoggiaturas, but belong 
to the preceding instead of the succeeding note. 
after-pains (af ter-panz), n. pi. The uterine 
pains which occur in childbirth after the ex- 
pulsion of the child 
and the afterbirth. 
afterpiece (af'ter- 
pes), . A short dra- 
matic entertainment 
performed after the 
principal play. 
after-rake ( af ter - 
rak), n. [< after + 
rake.'] Naut., that 
part of the hull of a 
vessel which over- 
hangs the after end 
of the keel. 
aftershaft (iif'ter- 
shaft), . [A tr. of 
the term hyporachis, 
coined by Nitzsch, 
who used it for the 
whole of a supple- 
rnpnfarv fpfltlioY 1 &a rachis; c, c, c, vanes, cut away on 
ntary reamer, as ri( , ht side in order n( ; t 
described below ; 
and this usage is 
customary. Later 
Sundevall restricted hyporachis, and conse- 
quently aftershaft, to the shaft alone of such a 
feather, the whole of which he caljed hypopti- 
liim.] Inornith.: (a) A supplementary feather 
growing out of a feather; the hypoptilum. 
The after-shaft, when well developed, is like a duplieate 
in miniature of the main feather, from the stem of which 
it springs, at junction of ealamus with rhachis, close hy the 
umbilicus. Cows, Key to N. 4 Birds, p. 84. 
(6) The shaft of such a supplementary feather. 
Also called hyporachis. 
aftershafted' (after -shafted), a. Having 
aftershafts: as, " plumage after-shafted," four.-. 
Key to N. A. Birds. 
afterthought (af ter-that), >i. 1. A later or 
second thought. 2. Reflection after an act; 
some consideration that occurs to one's mind 
too late, or after the performance of the act to 
which it refers. 
After-thought, and idle care, 
And doubts of motley hue, and dark despair. 
'ii, Fatilcs. 
Feather from Argus Pheasant. 
a, d. main stem; d, calamus; t 
to interfere 
ith view of f>, the aftershaft, the 
whole of the left vane of which is like- 
wise cut away. 
, . 
Christianity is not an nftertlwiifiht of God, but a foiv- 
thought. tiui/inell, Nat. and the Supernal., p. 31. 
105 
afterthoughted (af'ti>r-t]i;V ted), a. Having 
afterthoughts. B. Tui/tor. 
after-wale (af ter-wal), n. In saddlery, the body 
of a collar ; the portion against which the 
hamrs bear. 
afterward, afterwards (af tor-ward, -ward?.), 
<t<lr. [< MK. afti-rirard, also in the rare gen. 
form aftmrardes, < AS. a'ftrrtceard, adj., be- 
hind, < irftrr, adv., + -in-urd, >E. -ward, toward.] 
In later or subsequent time ; subsequently. 
In mathematics, when once a proposition has been 
demonstrated, it is never afterward* contested. 
Macau/in/, Von Kanke. 
after-wise (af ter-wiz), a. [< after + wise 1 .'] 
Wise after the event ; wise when it is too late ; 
after-witted. 
There are such as we may call the after-ii'i'tr, who, when 
any project fails, foresaw all the inconveniences that 
would arise from it, though they kept their thoughts to 
themselves. JuHNlo*. 
after-wit (after-wit), . Wisdom that comes 
.after the event. 
After-u'itx are dearly bought, 
Let thy fore-wit guide thy thought. Southwell. 
After-u'it, like bankrupts' debts, stands tallied, 
Without all possibilities of payment. 
Ford, Broken Heart, iv. 1. 
after-witted (af ter-wit"ed), a. Characterized 
by after-wit ; circumspect when it is too late. 
Our fashions of eating make us slothfull and unlusty to 
labour, . . . after-witted (as we call it), uncircumspect, in- 
considerate, heady, rash. Tyndale, On Mat. vi. 
aft-gate (aft'gat), . Same as tail-gate. See 
lock. 
aft-mealt (aft'mel), . A meal accessory to the 
principal meal, as dessert to dinner ; a subse- 
quent or late meal. 
At aft-meale* who shall paye for the wine 1 
Thynne, Debate, p. 49. 
aftmost (aft'most), a. superl. [< aft + -most.] 
Naut., situated nearest the stern. 
aftward, aftwards (aft'ward, -wardz), adr. [< 
aft + -ward, -wards.] Naut., toward the stern 
or hinder part of a vessel. 
ag-. Assimilated form of Latin ad- before g. 
See ad-. 
Ag. [Abbrev. of L. argentum, silver.] Inchem., 
the symbol for silver. 
A. O. An abbreviation of adjutant-general. 
aga (a'ga or a'ga), n. [< Turk, ag'ha, a great 
lord, commander, < Tatar aha (Mahn).] 1. A 
title formerly given to great chiefs in Turkey, 
and especially to the commander-in-chief of 
the janizaries. 
There came a vast body of dragoons, of different nations, 
under the leading of Harvey, their great aga. 
Swift, Battle of Books. 
2. A title of respect given to village magnates 
and petty gentlemen in Turkey. 
He did not care for a monk, and not much for an agou- 
menos ; but he felt small in the presence of a mighty 
Turkish aga. H. Curzon, Monast. in the Levant, p. 375. 
Also spelled aglia. 
agabanee (ag-a-ba'ne), . A cotton fabric em- 
broidered with silk, made in Aleppo. 
agacella (ag-a-sel'a), n. [A quasi-Latin form 
of algazel, q. v.] "In her., an antelope, or a 
tiger with horns and hoofs. 
agada, agadic, etc. Same as liai/i/iiilii, etc. 
again (a-gen', a-gan'), adv., prep., and conj. 
[The usual pron. a-gen' is that of the spelling 
agen, which is still occasionally used, esp. in 
poetry; the pron. a-gan' follows the usual spell- 
ing again. The ME. forms were numerous (of 
various types, agen, again, ayen, ayain, ayan, 
etc.), namely, agen, again, again, agayn, agcyn, 
ogam (and with final -e, againe, etc.), ayen, 
ayein, ayeyn, etc., agen, again, agein, ogein, etc., 
earlier an gen, ongein, < AS. ongegn, ongen, on- 
gedn, later agen, dgedn (= OS. angegin OHG. 
higiignn, in</i</in, ingagene, ingegane, MHG. in- 
gegene, engegene, engegen, Gt. entgegen = Icel. 
igegn (for "in gegn) = Dan. igjen = Sw. igen), 
adv. and prep., < on- for an- (in G. and Scand. 
in-), orig. and-, again, back, + *geg, gedn, in 
comp. gegu-, gcagn-, gedn-, over against: see 
a- 6 , gain 1 , and gain-. Cf. against] I. adr. 
1 . Of motion or direction : Back ; in the oppo- 
site direction; to or toward a former or the 
original position; to the same place or person: 
often strengthened with bad: 
He nyste whethir hyin was moste fayn, 
For to fyghte or tunic iiimiiu. 
It:,-/,. <; , ,1,- I.;,,,,. 1. ,v_>ll (iii Weber, Metr. Rom., II.). 
On Marie I prayd them take good hede, 
To that I cum nijiinr. Tnmirleii Miistrriea, p. 78. 
lirinw us word ayain by what way we must go up. 
Deut. i. >!. 
against 
I have pursued mine enemies, ami destroyed them ; and 
turned not ayain till I hitd nmsilmed them. 
L> Sam. x\ii. :is. 
2. Of action: Back; in return; in reply, re- 
sponse, answer, echo. 
l)o good, and lend, hoping for nothing ii'iniii. 
Luke vi. 35. 
Who art thou that answerest ayain! Rom. ix. 20. 
All Israel shouted with a great shout, so that the earth 
rang ai/nin. 1 Sam. iv. 5. 
I knit my band-kercher about your brows ; . . . 
And I did never ask it you aijain. Shak., K. John, iv. 1. 
He laughed till the glasses on the sideboard rang u,in>n. 
llirkfni, IMrkwick, I. 261. 
3. Of action or fact as related to time, or of 
time simply : Once more ; in addition ; another 
time; anew: marking repetition (a) Of action 
or existence : as, to do anything again ; he had 
to make it all over again. 
I will not again curse the ground any more, . . . neither 
will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have 
done. Gen. viii. 21. 
If a man die, shall he live again? Job xiv. 14. 
Quicken the Past to life again. 
Whittter, The Norseman. 
(6) Of number or quantity : only in the phrases 
as much or as many again (= twice as much or 
as many), half as much again <= once and a 
half as much), etc. (c) Of kind or character: 
marking resemblance. 
There is not in the world again such a spring and semi- 
nary of brave military people as in England, Scotland, and 
Ireland. Bacon. 
4. Of succession of thought: Once more; in 
continuation ; in an additional case or instance ; 
moreover; besides (marking transition) ; on the 
other hand (marking contrast). 
Again, there is sprung up 
An heretic, an arch one, Cranmer. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., iii. 2. 
He was sometimes sad, and sometimes again profusely 
merry. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 49. 
Again and again, often ; with frequent repetition. 
Good books should be read again and again, and thought 
about, talked about, considered and re-considered. 
J. F. Clarice, Self-Culture, p. 323. 
Now and again, now and then ; occasionally. Once 
and again, repeatedly. 
The effects of which he had once and again experienced. 
Brougham. 
To and again, to and fro ; backward and forward. 
[The adverb again was much used in Middle English, and 
less frequently in Anglo-Saxon, in loose composition with 
verbs or verbal derivatives, as equivalent to, and gener- 
ally as an express translation of, the Latin prefix re-, as in 
again-flght (L. re-pvgnare), again-riiing (L. re-mmctio), 
again-buy (L. red-imere), again-ntand (L. re-sistere) ; or of 
Latin contra-, as again-say (L. cmitra-dicere), etc. ; being 
in this use variable with gain-, q. v. Only a few such com- 
pounds are entered below.] 
II. t prep. Against. 
Ageyn another hethen in Turkye. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 66. 
[Again, prep., was formerly in use in all the senses of 
against by which in literary use it has been displaced. It 
is still common in dialectal speech, pronounced agen or 
agin: as, I have nothing agin him.] 
Ill.t conj. Against the time that : like 
against, conj. [In this use now only dialectal.] 
Bid your fellows 
Get all their flails ready again I come. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, i. 1. 
againbuyt (a-gen'bl), c. t. [< ME. agen-, ayen- 
byen, etc. ; a lit. tr. of L. redimere, redeem : see 
redeem.] To redeem. 
We hopeden that he should have againbouglit Israel. 
Wyclif, Luke xxiv. 21. 
againrisingt (a-gen'rFzing), n. [< ME. agen-, 
ayen-rising, etc., often transposed, rising agen, 
etc. ; a lit. tr. of L. resurrectio.] Resurrection. 
The againrinng of deede men. W'ye(i/, Rom. i. 4. 
againsawt (a-gen'sa), n. [< ME. again-saw, 
-xagli, etc., < again + saw, a saying: see saw 3 .] 
Contradiction ; gainsaying. 
againsayt (a-gen'sa), v. t. [< ME. agen-, ayen- 
seyen, etc., < agen-, ayen-, etc., + -scyen, -seggen, 
etc., a lit. tr. of L. eontradicere : see contradict. 
Now gainsay, q. v.] Obsolete form of gainsay. 
against (a-gensf, a-ganst'), prep, and conj. 
[In pron. and form like again + -st; (WE.agcnst, 
agaynst, agcynst, agei/yiest, etc., ayoist, agenst, 
agenest, etc., with added t, as in betwixt, whilst, 
etc., the earlier forms being agens, agenes, 
agains, agayns, ageins, ageynes, etc., ayetix. 
ayeins, ayenis, agenes, ageines, qgcynes, etc., 
with adverbial gen. ending -es, < again, </'" 
ayen, etc. : see again. Cf. AS. to-gednes, simi- 
larly formed, with prefix to-, to.] I. prep. 1. 
Of motion or direction : In an opposite direc- 
tion to, so as to meet; (a) toward; (6) upon : 
