agriculturist 
They preferred the produce of their flocks to that of 
their lands, and were shepherds instead of n<iriri/lttifi*t*. 
buckle, Civilization, II. i. 
Csesar tells us that the natives [of Britain] in his time 
were not generally '/r(Vtf/rn'W*, but lived on milk and 
meat, and clothed themselves with skins. 
G. Kawliiixon, Origin of Nations, p. 134. 
agrief t (a-gref ), prep. phr. as adv. [ME. also 
ayrccf, at/re/', iii/rcre ; < a 3 + grief."] 1. In grief. 
(liaueer. 2. Amiss; 
unkindly, Chaucer. 
agrievancet, agrievet. 
See agyriecaiice, ag- 
grieve. 
i griffes (a gref). [F. : 
d, to, with ; griffes, pi. 
of griff c, claw: see griff.] 
(Held or secured) by 
claws or clamps, as a 
stone in a ring. The 
clamps used for this 
purpose in ancient jewelry are often of con- 
siderable size and of decorative form. 
Agrilus (ag'ri-lus), n. [NL., based on Or. 
ayp6f, field. Cf . Agrotis.'] A genus of buprestid 
Agraffe with th 
mounted 
griffes 
Agrilus rujtcollis. 
a, anal end of body of larva : 0, larva ; c, beetle. ( The vertical 
lines show natural sizes.) 
beetles comprising numerous species distrib- 
uted all over the globe in the temperate and 
tropical zones. They may at once be distinguished 
from most other genera of Buprestidce by their very slender 
elongate form, the body being usually of a uniform coppery 
or bronze color. In the larval state most of them live in 
the terminal twigs of deciduous trees, often doing consider- 
able damage, and a few also live in the stems of herbaceous 
plants. The red-necked raspberry buprestid, Ayrilwf ruli- 
collix (Fabrieius), causes large excrescences or galls on the 
raspberry, known as the 
raspberry gouty-gall. 
agrimensor (ag-ri- 
men'sdr), n. ; pi. 
agrimensores(-rjaen- 
so'rez). [L., < ager 
(see acre) + men- 
sor, < metiri, pp. 
mensus, to mea- 
sure.] In Rom. 
antiq., a land-sur- 
veyor. 
There was a disin- 
clination on the part of 
the Greek geometer to 
be satisfied with a mere 
approximation, were it 
ever so close ; and the 
unscientific agrimewor 
shirked the labour in- 
volved in acquiring the 
knowledge which was 
indispensable for learn- 
ing trigonometrical cal- 
culations. Agrimony {Agrimonia Eufatoria), 
ElKyc. Brit. , XX. 89. showing branch, flowering spray, and 
agrimony (ag ' ri- 
mo-ni), n. [< ME. agrimony, egrimony, agri- 
moync, egremoyne, egremounde, etc. ; < OF. aigre- 
moine, < L. agrimonia, a false reading of arge- 
monia (Pliny), a plant similar to another called 
argemone (Pliny), < Gr. apye/iavy, a certain plant, 
< bpyeuov, also apyefia., a white speck in the eye, 
for which this plant is said to have been re- 
garded as a cure, < apy6f, white, shining.] The 
general name of plants of the genus Agrimonia, 
natural order Bosacece, which includes several 
species of the northern hemisphere and South 
America. They are perennial herbs, with pinnate leaves, 
yellow flowers, and a rigid calyx-tube beset above with 
hooked bristles. The common agrimony, A. Kupatoria, 
of Europe and the United States, was formerly of much 
repute in medicine. Its leaves and root-stock are astrin- 
gent, and the latter yields a yellow dye. 
agrin (a-grin'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. [< a 3 
+ grin."} In the act or state of grinning; on 
tin; grin: as, "his visage all agrin," Tennyson. 
agriolc'ical (a(**ri-o-lo.i'J-Jre'), 
taining to agrioipgyl 
agriologist (ag-ri-ol'o-jist), n. [< agriology + 
-ist.] One who makes a comparative study of 
human customs, especially of the customs of 
man in a rude or uncivilized state. Max Mutter. 
118 
agriology (ag-ri-ol'o-ji), n. [< Gr. aypiof, wild, 
savage (< ny/>6f, field), 4- -toyia, < teyeiv, speak: 
see -ology.] The comparative study of the 
customs of man in his uncivilized state. 
Agrion (ag'ri-on), n. [NL., < Gr. aypiof, living 
in the fields, < itypof, a field.] The typical genus 
of the family Agrumidte or group Agrion inn. . I . 
saucium is red, variegated with black. 
agrionid (ag-ri-on'id), n. A dragon-fly of the 
family Agrionidce. 
Agrionidae (ag-ri-on'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Agri- 
on + -((/.] A family of neuropterous insects, 
or dragon-flies, closely related to the Libellu- 
lid<e, of the group Odonata, order ^'euro/item : 
named from a leading genus, Agrion, a species 
of which, A. puella, is the common blue dragon- 
fly of Britain. 
Agrionina (ag*ri-o-ni'na), n. pi. [NL., < Agri- 
OH + -iwo.] A group of dragon-flies, typified by 
the genus Agrion and corresponding to the 
family AgrionidfE, comprising small slender- 
bodied forms with metallic hues, whose larvae 
have external leaf-like gills. 
agriopodid (ag-ri-op'o-did), n. A fish of the 
family Agriopodidee. 
Agriopodidae (ag'ri-o-pod'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Agriopus(-pod-) + -id(e.] A family of acanthop- 
terygian fishes, represented by the genus Agri- 
opus. It includes those Cottoitlea in which the dorsal fln 
is very long, commencing on the nape, and consisting of 
an elongated acanthopterous and short arthropterous por- 
tion ; the anal tin is short ; the ventrals are thoracic and 
well developed, and have 1 spine and 5 soft rays ; the head 
is compressed, with small mouth and lateral eyes ; the 
branchial apertures are separated by an isthmus ; the 
trunk is nuchadiform and compressed; and the vertebrae 
are numerous (for example, 18 abdominal and 21 caudal). 
Agriopus (a-gri'o-pus), . [NL., < Gr. Ay/MOf, 
wild, savage, -I- jroi'f (iroS-) = E./oo<, as assumed 
in the deriv. form Agriopodida, but in intention 
prob. u-^i (e!r-), face, appearance.] A genus of 
acanthopterygian fishes, typical of the family 
Agriopodida. A. tormu, the sea-horse, is about 2 feet 
in length, and is common on the shores of the Cape of 
Uood Hope. Also called Agriopes. 
agript, n. See egriot. 
Agriotes (a-gri'o-tez), n. [NL., < Gr. ay/>i6nic, 
wildness, < aypioc., wild, < ayp6f, field.] A genus 
of coleopterous insects, of the family Elateridat 
(click-beetles or snapping-beetles), of the pen- 
tamerous division of the order Coieoptera. The 
larvae of several species, as the British .4. linf.atun, are well 
known as wire-worms. See cut under IPWV-MWMI. 
agrippa (a-grip'a), . ; pi. agrippce (-e). [NL. 
Cf. L. Agrippa, a Roman family name.] In 
obstet. : (a) A person born with the feet fore- 
most. (6) Foot-presentation ; a footling case. 
Agrippinian (ag-ri-pin'i-an), K. [< LL. Agrip- 
I'liiitnti. pi., < Agrippinus, a personal name, < L. 
Agrippa, a Roman family name.] Ecclcs., a 
follower of Agrippinus, bishop of Carthage, 
probably late in the second century, who taught 
that apostates should be rebaptized. 
agriset, v. [< ME. agrisen (sometimes misspell- 
ed atjrysen), pret. agros, shudder, be terrified, < 
AS. agrisan, pret. 'dgrds, shudder, be terrified, 
< a- + "grisan, > early ME. grisen, pret. gros, 
shudder, be terrified: see grisly.] I. trans. 1. 
To cause to shudder or tremble; terrify; dis- 
gust. 
All where was nothing heard but hideous cries, 
And pitious plaints, that did the harts agrise. 
Sylveiter, tr. of Du Bartas. 
2. To abhor. Chaucer. 3. To make frightful; 
disfigure. 
Engrost with mud which did them fowle agrise. 
Spenser, F. Q., II. vi. 46. 
II. intrans. To shudder; tremble with fear ; 
be much moved. 
There sawe I soclie tempest arise, 
That every herte might agrise, 
To se it paintid on the wall. 
Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 210. 
She nought agro. Chaucer, Troilus, ii. 930. 
agrodolce (ag-ro-dol'che), . [It., < agro (< L. 
acer, sharp, sour) + dolce, < L. dulcis, sweet.] 
A compound formed by mixing sour and sweet 
things. 
Agrodolce ... is a blending of sweets and sours, and 
is made by stewing in a rich gravy prunes, Corinth cur- 
rants, almonds, pine-kernels, raisins, vinegar, and wine. 
Badham, Prose Halieutics, p. 62. (N. K D.) 
agrom (ag'rom), n. [Appar. from Gujarati 
agrun, ulceration of the tongue from chronic 
disease of the alimentary canal.] The native 
name in India for a rough and cracked con- 
oition of the tongue not uncommon in that 
country. 
agronoine (ag'ro-nom), n. [< F. agronomc, < 
Gr. <i)yj<n><i,uof, an overseer of the public lands, 
, rural, < aypof, field, + ve/ieiv, deal out, 
Agrotis 
assign, administer ; in a special use, to feed or 
graze cattle.] An agronomist, 
agronomial (ag-ro-no'mi-al), a. Same as agro- 
nomic. 
Rapid as was Leonard's survey, his rural eye detected 
the signs of a master in the art ifji-mnnniiil. 
Ilulict'r, My Novel, V. 2. 
agronomic (ag-ro-nom'ik), a. [< agronoine + 
-ic.] Relating to agronomy, or the manage- 
ment of farms. 
Maximsof a^ro/io/Hwwisdom. D. G. Mitchell, "Wet Days. 
agronomical (ag-ro-nom'i-kal), a. Same as 
(itjroiioiiiir. 
The experience of British agriculture has shown that 
the French ayrunvuiiful division uf the xnil is infinitely 
less profitable . . . than that prevailing in this country. 
Ktlinlntrgh Rev., CHI. 94. 
agronomics (ag-ro-nom'iks), i. [PI. of agro- 
nomic : see -i'c*'.] The science of the manage- 
ment of farms ; that division of the science of 
political economy which treats of the manage- 
ment of farming lauds. 
agronomist (a-gron'o-mist), n. [< agronomy 
-r- -/*<.] One who is engaged in the study of 
agronomy, or the management of lands. 
An impartial lntvi-n </<!r<>/><>uii*t. Ktlinb\trgh Rev. 
M. J. A. Barral, a distinguished French chemist and 
agrorurmwt. 1'np. Sci. Mo., XXVI. 288. 
agronomy (a-gron'o-mi), n. [< F. agronomic, < 
Gr. as if *aypov6/iiaj<aypov6/ios: see agronome.] 
The art of cultivating the ground; agriculture. 
agrope (a-grop'), prep. phr. as adv. [< a 3 + 
grope.] Gropingly. 
Three women crept at break of day, 
Agrope along the shadowy way 
Where Joseph's tomb and garden lay. 
M. J. Preston, Myrrh-bearers. 
agTOSt. Preterit of agrise. 
Agrostemma (ag-ro-stem'S), n. [NL., < Gr. 
aypof, field, + arefi/ia, a wreath: see stemma.~\ 
A Linnean genus of plants, of the natural order 
Caryophyllace(B. It is now generally regarded as a sec- 
tion of the genus Lychnis, from which it differs only in the 
elongated segments of the calyx, and in the petals being 
without scales. A. (L.) Githago, the common corn-cockle, 
witll large entire purple petals, is the only species belong- 
ing to the section as now limited. There are several va- 
rieties in cultivation. 
Agrostis (a-gros'tis), n. [NL., < L. agrostis, 
< Gr. aypucric,, couch-grass (cf. aypuanji;, nearly 
equiv. to L. agrestis, rural, of the field: see 
agrestic), < ayp6f, a field, the country.] A large 
genus of grasses, distributed over the globe, and 
valuable especially for pasturage. The English 
species are known as bent-grass. The marsh-l>ent, . 1 . alba, 
was at one time widely known as florin. A . vulgaris, cul- 
tivated for both hay and pasturage, is called in America 
red-top, or sometimes lierd's-grass. See 4e(2. 
agrostographer (ag-ros-tog'ra-fer), . A writer 
upon grasses. 
agrostograpnic (a-gros-to-graf 'ik), a. Per- 
taining to agrostography. 
agrostographical (a-gros-to-graf 'i-kal), a. 
Same as agrostographic. 
agrostography (ag-ros-tog'ra-fi), . [< Gr. 
ayfxjarif, couch-grass (see Agrostis), + -ypafyia, 
< ypd<t>eiv, write.] A description of grasses. 
agrostologic (a-gros-to-loj'ik), a. Relating or 
pertaining to agrostology. 
agrostological (a-gros-to-loj'i-kal), a. Same 
as agrostologic. 
agrostologist (ag-ros-tol'o-jist), . One skilled 
in agrostology. Encyc. Brit. 
agrostology (ag-ros-tol'o-ji), . JX Gr. aypuartc, 
couch-grass (see Agrostis), + -Aoyia, < Uyeiv, 
speak of: see -ology.~\ That part of botany 
which relates to grasses. 
Agrotis (a-gro'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. ayp&n/f, of 
tne field, wild, < ayp6f, field. ] A genus of moths, 
of the family Xoctuidcn, comprising a large num- 
ber of the night-flying moths, chiefly distin- 
W-marked Cutworm (Agrotis clanjestina, Harris) and Greasy 
Cutworm Moth ( Agrot is ypsilim, Hiibner), natural size. 
