Glass a latticinio. 
Woodlark (Alauda ar, 
Cf. calandra and fart 1 .] 
alatern 
alatern (al'a-tern), n. Same as alaternus. 
alaternus (al-a-ter'nus), n. [The L. name 
(Pliny).] A species of Kharnnm, or buckthorn, 
often planted in English gardens, RkamnusAla- 
ternits. See Khamnus. 
alation (a-la'shon), n. 
.s, winged: see 
1. A winged 
condition ; the state of 
being winged or of hav- 
ing wings, as a bat, or 
parts resembling wings, 
as a plant. 2. The 
manner of formation or 
disposition of the wings, 
especially in insects. 
alatratet, v. t. See alla- 
tmtf. 
a latticinio (a lat-ti- 
che'ni-6). [It. : a, < L. ad, to ; latticinio, < L. 
lacticinium, milk-food, < lac(t-), milk: see lac- 
tation.} (Decorated) with lines or bands of 
opaque white glass, buried in the transparent 
body of the vessel : said of ornamental glass, 
such as that made in Murano, near Venice. 
Alauda (a-la'da), n. [L., the lark; according 
to Pliny, Suetonius, and Gregory of Tours, a 
Gaulish or Celtic word 
(cf. Bret, alchoueder, 
alchouedez, the lark); 
said to be "lit. 'great 
songstress,' from al, 
high or great, and and, 
song." The W. name 
uchedydd, lit. 'soarer,' 
is a different word. 
Hence It. aloda = Sp. 
alondra, OSp. aluda, 
aloa=Pr. alauza=OF. 
aloe, with dim. ML. 
laudula, laudila, It. al- 
lodola, lodola (dial. 
lodana), and Olt. alo- 
detta, allodetta = OSp. 
aloeta = Pr. alauzeta 
= P. alouette, the lark. 
A genus of birds, typi- 
cal of the family Alaudidw, or larks. The genus 
was formerly coextensive with the family, but is now re- 
stricted to such species as the skylark, A. arvensis, and 
the woodlark, A. arborea. The species of Alauda proper 
are natives of the old world, and inhabit chiefly its northern 
portions ; they are small, plain-colored, spotted, and streak- 
ed birds ; they nest on the ground, and are noted for sing- 
ing as they soar aloft, and for the delicacy of their flesh. 
See Alaudidce and larki. 
Alaudidae (a-la'di-de), n. pi. [NL., < Alauda + 
4dce.] The lark family ; a family of birds, of 
the order Passeres and suborder Oscines. They 
are notably distinguished from other oscine Passeres by 
having the tarsi scutellate behind, and are therefore re- 
ferred by some to a special series, Oscines scutelliplantares, 
in distinction from most other Oscines, which are lamini- 
plantar. By others, however, the Alaudidce have been 
ranked as a subfamily, Alaudince, under Frinyttlidce. The 
hallux bears a lengthened straightened claw. There are 
many genera and species, mostly of the old world, and 
especially of Africa ; only one genus, Eremophila or Oto- 
corys, the shore or horned lark, is indigenous to America. 
The Alaudidae are mostly migratory ; they inhabit open 
country, nest on the ground, lay colored eggs, and sing as 
they soar ; some of the species are gregarious. See Alan- 
da and larkl. 
Alaudinae (al-a-dl'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Alauda 
+ -4nce.~\ A subfamily of larks. The term repre- 
sents (o) A subfamily of Fringillida, including all larks. 
[Disused.] (b) A subfamily of Alaudidae, including the 
typical larks represented by the genus Alauda and its im- 
mediate allies. 
alaudine (a-la'din), a. [< Alauda + -ine i .~\ 
Having the character of a lark ; pertaining to 
the Alaudidai or lark family. 
There is ... abundant evidence of the susceptibility of 
the Alaudine structure to modification from external cir- 
cumstances. Encyc. Brit., XIV. 316. 
alaunt, alaundt, alauntt, n. Same as alan. 
Alaus (a-la'us), n. [NL., in form < Gr. afa6f, 
blind, < <i- priv. + AOMV, see ; but said to be based 
on a'AaaOai, wander, roam, stray.] A genus of 
click-beetles, of 
the family Ela- 
teridce. A. ocula- 
tU8, one of the largest 
of the North Ameri- 
can snapping-bee- 
tles, is a well-known 
species upward of 1J 
inches long. It has 
two velvety black 
spots encircled with 
white on the pro- 
thorax, and white 
dots scattered over 
the whole surface ; 
its larvfe live in de- d ral a ? sli ' 
129 
Alausa (a-la'sa), n. Same as Alosa. 
alb 1 (alb), . ['< ME. albe, < AS. albe, < ML. alba 
(sc. vestis, garment), fern, of L. a/bus, white : see 
aube, the French form.] 1. In the Rom. Ctith. 
Ch. (and in many Anglican churches), a white 
linen robe, with tight sleeves, worn at the cele- 
bration of the eucharist under the chasuble, 
cope, or dalmatic by the officiating priest and 
his assistants. It reaches to the feet, and is bound 
around the waist by a girdle called the alb-cord. Usually 
it is ornamented at the edges and wrists with embroidery 
or lace-work. The alb was formerly the common dress of 
the clergy. Colored albs have been used in the service of 
the English Church, The corresponding garment iu the 
Greek Church is the stoichariou (which see). 
A white albe plain with a vestment or cope. 
00* of Common Prayer (1549). 
Each priest adorn'd was in a surplice white ; 
The bishops donn'd their albs and copes of state. 
Fair/ax, Tasso, ii. 4. 
2. In the early church, a white garment worn 
from the Saturday before Easter until the first 
Sunday after Easter by the newly baptized. 
Formerly also written alba, albe. 
Apparels of the all), square pieces of embroidery in col- 
ors or precious orphrey-work sewed or otherwise fastened 
upon the alb, commonly in six places : much used between 
the eleventh and sixteenth centuries. 
alb 2 (alb), . [Turk.] A small Turkish coin, 
nearly equal in value to a cent. 
alba (al'ba), n. [NL. (sc. substantia), fern, of L. 
albus, white, used as a noun.] White fibrous 
nerve-tissue, as distinguished from the gray or 
cellular. 
The alba constitutes the columns of the myelon, etc. 
Wilder and Gage, Anat. Tech., p. 472. 
albacore (al'ba-kor), n. [Also formerly written 
albecore, albocore (cf. F. "albacore, a certain 
albe 
the sides externally concave, used in the fif- 
teenth century and later as a drug-pot. 
albarium (al-ba'ri-um), n. [L. (sc. opus, work), 
white stucco ; neut. of albarius, pertaining to 
the whitening of walls. Cf. albtirc, whiten, < 
albus, white.] A stucco or white lime obtained 
from burnt marble. McKlrath; Simmonds. 
albata (al-ba'ta), . [NL., < L. albata, fern, of 
i//b<itus, clothed in white, made white, pp. of 
albarc, make white, < albus, white.] An alloy 
consisting of a combination of nickel, zinc, and 
copper united in various proportions, often with 
antimony, iron, lead, tin, and silver, it is a white 
metal, resembling silver in appearance, and is made into 
spoons, forks, teapots, etc. Also called British plate and 
German silver. 
He was not the genuine article, but a substitute, a kind 
of albata. G. A. Sola, Baddington Peerage, II. 232. 
Albati (al-ba'ti), n.pl. [LL., pi. of L. albatus, 
clothed in white : see albata.'] A body of fanat- 
ics who about 1400 appeared in Italy as peni- 
tents, clad in white garments. They were sup- 
pressed by the pope. Also called White Brethren. 
albatross (al'ba-tr&s), n. [Formerly albitross, 
albetross, also dlgatross (cf. D. albatros = G. al- 
batross (but D. usually stormvogel, G. sturmvogel, 
'storm-bird') = F. albatros, formerly algatros, = 
It. albatro = 8p. albatroste = Pg. albatroz, aU 
prob. from or affected by the E. form), a modi- 
fication (ale-, ato- changed to alb-, prob. in allu- 
sion to L. albus, white) of Pg. alcatraz, a sea- 
fowl, cormorant, albatross, orig. a pelican: see 
alcatras.] 1. Aweb-footed sea-bird of the petrel 
family, Procellariidce, and subfamily Diomede- 
incE. About 12 species of albatross are known, all except 
the sooty albatross, Phosbetria fuliginosa, belonging to the 
genus Dimnedea. They are distinguished as a group from 
other birds of the petrel family by having the hind toe 
rudimentary, and the tubular nostrils separated, one on 
each side of the base of the upper mandible. The bill Is 
stout and hooked at the end, the wings are very long, the 
tail and feet short, and the stature is very great. Alba- 
trosses inhabit the southern seas at large, and the whole 
Pacific ocean, but not the northern Atlantic. Some of 
them are the largest known sea-birds, and all are noted 
for their powers of flight, sailing for hours, and in any di- 
caying wood. 
9 
oral at Sens, with apparels 
sewed on the bottom and slee 
with apparels of rich stuff 
' ' :ves. 
Albacore or Tunny (Orcynits alalonga}. 
fish in the Indian sea, which is very good 
meat," Cotgrave), < Pg. albacor, albacora, al- 
becora = Sp. albacora, an albacore, < Ar. al, the, 
+ bukr, pi. bakarat, a young camel, a heifer.] 
1. A name given to several fishes of the tunny 
or mackerel kind, specifically to the germon 
or long-finned tunny, Orcynus germo or 0. ala- 
longa. See Orcynus and tunny. 2. The Lichia 
glauca, a fish of the family Carangidce. Couch. 
Also written albicore. 
albadara (al-ba-da'ra), . The Arabian caba- 
listic name for the basal or sesamoid joint of 
the great toe, to which extraordinary properties 
were anciently ascribed. 
alban (al'ban), n. [< L. albus, white, + -an.] 
A white resinous substance extracted from gut- 
ta-percha by alcohol or ether. Ure, Diet., I. 41. 
Albanenses (al-ba-nen'sez), n. pi. [ML., < 
Albi in Piedmont.] One of the sects embraced 
under the general name Cathari (which see). 
Albanensian (al-ba-nen'si-an), a. and n. I. a. 
Pertaining to the Albanenses. 
II. n. A member of the sect of the Alba- 
nenses. 
Albanian (al-ba'ni-an), a. and n. [< Albania."] 
I. a. Relating or pertaining to modern Albania, 
or to its inhabitants, or their language, man- 
ners, customs, etc. 
II. n. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Albania, 
a division of European Turkey, comprising the 
greater part of the ancient Epirus, and parts of 
niyria and Macedonia. 2. 
pi. Light cavalry, formerly 
recruited in Albania and the 
neighboring lands, and armed 
according to the Levantine 
fashion of the time. There was 
such a corps in the service of Charles 
VIII. and of Louis XII. of France. 
See argolel and estradiot. 
3. The language of Albania, 
possessing strongly marked 
dialects, and usually classed 
as Aryan or Indo-European. 
[The adjective and noun also apply 
to ancient Albania, on the western 
coast of the Caspian sea : as, the Al- 
banian Gates (Albanice Pylce, now 
the pass of Derbend).] 
albarello (al-ba-rel'o). n. [It., 
from the shape, which is held 
to resemble a tree-trunk ; dim. of albero, a tree.] 
An earthen vessel, cylindrical in general shape, 
Italian glazed pottery, 
liangi 
17* 
Wandering Albatross (Diomedta txttlans). 
rection with reference to the wind, without visible move- 
ment of the wings. They nest on the ground, and lay a 
single white egg. They are very voracious, may be caught 
with a hook and line baited with pork, and when taken 
on board a vessel are observed to walk with difficulty. 
One of the commonest and best-known species is the wan- 
dering albatross, D. exulans; it is also the largest species, 
having a stretch of wings of about 12 feet an assigned di- 
mension of 17J 'set being either a great exaggeration or 
highly exceptional. This bird is mostly white, with dark 
markings on the upper parts, flesh-colored feet, and a yel- 
low bill. The short-tailed albatross, D. brachyura, is a 
related but smaller species. It goes far north in the Pa- 
cific ocean, where is also found the black-footed albatross, 
D. nigripes of Audubon. The yellow-nosed -albatross is 
D. chlororhynchus, to which another species, D. culminata, 
is closely related ; these, and D. melanophrys, are among 
the smaller species, and of about the size of the sooty al- 
batross. The latter is wholly dark-colored. From their 
habit of following ships for days together without resting, 
albatrosses are regarded with feelings of attachment and 
superstitious awe by sailors, it being considered unlucky 
to kill one. Coleridge has availed himself of this feeling 
in his "Ancient Mariner." Also spelled albatros, and in 
New Latin form albatrus, as either a generic or a specific 
designation. 
2. A thin untwilled woolen material used for 
women's dresses. 
albe 1 , n. See alb 1 . 
albe 2 t, albeet, conj. Same as albeit. Spenser. 
