177 
SSUSM 
Ammobium "7 ammoniflcation 
plants from Australia, frequently cultivated 
for the showy-colored scarious bracts that sur- 
round the flower-head, which become dry and j ; 
persistent. >'>S "' sandy_ 
ammocete, . See ammoecete. Ammodytina 
ammochryse (am'o-kris), . [< L. ammoehry- Ammodytes, I, nmouiac 
ms, <Gr. o^pwroc, a precious stone resem- classification, the sand-lances or AmuioilyMa; llmlHOHi ' armoniae <'. ammoniacns or Gam- 
bling -sand veined with gold, < a/^of, sand (see as the fourth subfamily of OpMdUte. Also ^J^ '< Gr> *, A ' (aK(i , ; , belonging to Am- 
ammite), + Xl'vaos, gold : see chrysolite, etc.] A written Ammodytina. (Libvan, African), L. sZ Ammoniacum or 
soft yellow stone, found in Germany, consisting Ammodytmi (am'p-di-ti m), . _p(. bame as .. __n. * A_ 
of glossy yellow particles, when rubbed or ground Ammodytina. Bonaparte, 1837. 
schools chiefly in the northern seas, anil are important ammoniacal salts. 
as bait 'for other fishes. They are known chiefly as sand- ammoniac (a-m6'ni-ak), a. and n. [Early mod. 
linir.s, or lances, from their habit of " diving" into and liv- E amnlon f ae ]f a i so armoniack, < ME. amoniak, 
i,,,: in sandy beaches and ocean-bottoms. Seed4on A al ' and eariier, aroia*, armo- 
tma (am"o-di-ti na), n p. [M*, < fr J mo ' re ,, c , adj., in M I or salt armoniak, sal 
^i.^^a22S ammoniac; is a nVun, gum ammoniac; < OF. 
Hammoniacum, Gr. neut. ' 
v, salt of Am- 
of glossy yellow particles. When rubbed or ground Aiiimoilytiiia. .UDMMMW. JMM. mon so ca u e ,l, it is supposed, because origi- 
it 1ms been used to strew over fresh writing to prevent ammodytoid (am-o-dl told), a. and n. 1. a. ' red from the dunc o f camels near 
blotting. Having the character of the Ammodytida;. 
ammocoete, ammocete (am'o-set), n. A nsh jj_ n _ An ammo dytid. 
of the genus Ammoccetes. 
Ammoccetes (am " 
au/iof, sand (see ammi 
noccetes. Ammodytoidea (am"o-di-toi'de-a),,pi. [NL., 
i-o-se'tez), n. \_NLi., <. Ur. < Ammodytes, 1, + -owfcfl.] The ammodytids, 
ammite), + KOITI/, a bed, < K- rated as a su p er family of fishes. 
a^d Roman-conception of the Egyptian deity 
This simple lamprey larva. . . was generally described Amen (literally, 'hidden'), called Amen-Ba, 
as a peculiar form of fish under the name of Ammocaetfu. the sun-god, chief or 
By a further metamorphosis this blind and toothless Am- tne Theban divine triad. 
moaaetes is transformed into the lamprey with eyes and A was always represented 
teeth. Haeckel, Evol. of Man (trans.), II. 104. jn human formj and waa of a 
(b) A genus of which the Ammoccetes branchialis is the much higher order than the 
young which is distinguished from Petrmnyzon by the ram-headed divinity,' the god 
differentiation of the discal and peripheral teeth and the 
crescentiform dentated lingual teeth of the adult. 
ammoccetid (am-o-se'tid), n. One of the Am- 
mocaetida; ; an ammoccete. 
Ammoccetidse (am-o-se'ti-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Ammoccetes + -idee."] The family name applied and was adopted by them as 
to the voung of the Petromyzontida before it Zeus-Ammon or Jupiter-Am- 
was ascertained that they represented only a jaBJftfit^ffiSS 
larval stage in the growth of those nshes. bee some times with the ears, of the 
Ammoccetes. ram were retained, springing 
ammoCCBtiform (am-o-se'ti-form), a. [<NL. from a human head. 
Ammoecstes + L. forma, form.] Having the Ammonacea (am-o-na - 
form of an ammocoete : having the character se-&), n. pi. L-i Js 
of a larval lamprey. Ammonea + 
(am-6-se'toid), a. and . I. a. Blainville's name (1825) 
nally prepared from the dung of camels near 
the temple of Ammon; L. ammoniacum OT ham- 
moniacum, Gr. aft/iuviaK6v, gum ammoniac, the 
juice of a plant of northern Africa, tradition- 
ally located near the temple of Ammon ; < Am- 
mon, Gr. "A/i/iav, Ammon: see Ammon. The 
ME. form armoniak, OF. armoniac, ML. ar- 
moniacum, indicates confusion with Gr. dp- 
fiavia, a fastening or joining, from the use of 
gum ammoniac as a cement, or of sal ammo- 
niac in the joining of metals.] I. a. 1. Per- 
taining to Ammon, or to his shrine in Libya: 
only in the phrases, or quasi-compounds, gum 
ammoniac and sal ammoniac. See etymology, 
and definitions below. 2. Of, pertaining to, or 
having the properties of ammonia; ammoniacal. 
Gum ammoniac, or ammoniac gum, a gum-resin 
composed of tears, internally white and externally yellow, 
brought in large masses from Persia and western India ; 
an exudation from an umbelliferous plant, the Dorema 
Ammoniacum, when punctured artificially or by insects. 
It has a fetid smell, and a nauseous" sweet taste, followed by 
a bitter one. It is inflammable, and soluble in water and 
spirit of wine ; and it is used as an expectorant, and as a 
stimulant in certain plasters. The so-called gum ammoniac 
from Morocco (which is with little doubt the ammoniacum 
of the ancients) is of uncertain origin, but is probably ob- 
tained from some species of El&oselinunt. Also called 
ammoniac and ammoniacum. Sal ammoniac, ammo- 
nium chlorid, also called muriate of ammonia, a salt of a 
sharp, acrid taste, much used in the arts and in pharmacy. 
See ammonia, 1. 
II. n. Same as gum ammoniac. See above, 
ammoniacal (am-6-ni'a-kal), a. [< ammoniac 
^ ^ + -al.~\ Of , pertaining to',' or using ammonia ; 
of the~tetrabranchiate cephalopods, and is synonymous ammoniac Ammoniacal cochineal. See cochineai 
of life, worshiped especially at 
the famous oracular sanctuary 
of the Libyan oasis of Ammon 
(now Siwah). The latter type 
was confused by the Greeks and 
s with that of Amen-Ra, 
-acea.] De 
( From a late bronze in the 
British Museum.) 
with Ammonia of Lamarck. 
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the motive 
power is vapor of ammonia, expanded by heat. Ammonia- 
cal gas, ammonia in its purest form, that is, in the form 
of vapor. Ammoniacal liquor, or gas-liquor, a pro- 
duct of the distillation of coal in gas-works. It contains 
j of the lamprey ; 
II. n. An ammoccetid. v UM *. mnmKnm JJ 1U ,^. 
Ammocrypta (am-o-krip ta), n. [ML., < r. a/t- Ammonea (am-o-ne'a), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. of 
/we, sand, + upmrk, hidden, verbal adj. ol icpv- ammoneus < L 'Ammon, with ref. to Ammonites, 
irrov, hide.] A genus of percoid fishes known y -, j_ In Lamarok > s classification (1812), Quc[ m m Q1BUlmuull m ulml m . 
as sand-divers, of the sublamily Mheostomi- tne seve nth family of polythalamous testaceous ammonia, and is used for the manufacture of ammonia- 
na>, or darters. These fishes have a long subcylin- ce T,halot>ods including most of the Tetrabran- cal salts and as a fertilizer. Ammoniacal salt, a salt 
dric pellucid body, naked with the exception of the caudal rf f haviiio- an involute shell with sinuous formed by the union of ammonia with an acid, without 
peduncle and the lateral line, which latter is complete; the chiata having an J 1 11 " 6 sneii wiiuBii ^ elimination o( hydrogen ; differing in this from metal- 
mouth large with vomerine teeth ; head scaleless ; anal partitions between the chambers. The group i ic sa itg which are formed by the substitution of the metal 
spine single, and high dorsal fins equal to the anal. A. has been adopted with various modifications and ratings for the hydrO g en o f the acid. 
beani inhabits the lower Mississippi. See sand-diver. in the scale of classification under the names ^mmona- ___,,__. Combining form of ammoniac or 
Ammodramus (a-mod'ra-mus), TO. Same as "" A >" Amman 
Ammodromus. Swainson, 1827. 
Ammodromus (a-mod'ro-mus), re. [NL., < Gr. 
, sand (see ammite), +^-<5po/jof, running ^^ 'l^-arecftato~an(f Tetrabranchiata. The ammonialum (a-mo-ni-al'um), re. 
,lu 
2. Now, an 'extinct order of the class Cephalo- ammoniacum (am-o-ni'a-kum), n. Same as 
poda, including cephalopods intermediate be- gum ammoniac (which see, under ammoniac, a.). 
T^-I -iMata and Tetrabranchiata. The ammonialum (a-mo-ni-al'um), re. [(ammonia 
sd in the last chamber of a multilocular + alum(inium).] Ammonia alum; a hydrosul- 
, ne ,,L tw ?P e I c t > i, 1 "S 1^11^ Phate of aluminium and ammonia, found in thin 
, ween r 
(cf . a/i/iddpofwc, a sandy place tor racing, <. a/i/Mf animal was inclosed 
+ 6p6[iof , a race), < Spa/ielv, run. ] 1 . A genus ot shell protected by o 
birds, of the family Fringillidai, suborder Osei- anaptychus; the shell had a smooth ovoid chamber with- , , j brown-coal at Tschermig in 
nes, order PW embfcing such species as outran -terna,^ ^ g"**^.^^^ f^^^^^J^L^^J^ 
A. caudaeutus, the sharp-tailed nnch, and A. ma- peri pheral contour of the partitions between the cham- j n p i ac e of potash alum. Also called tschermigite. 
ritimus, the seaside finch. They are small spotted hers of the old shell were more or less sinuous. The form amIt i On i a . me t er (a-m6'ni-a-me"ter), n. An ap- 
and streaked sparrows, with rather slender bill, chiefly varied from a straight cone to almost every kind of con- i^TonWMiv ftriffiiYfor ascertainine'the 
inhabiting the marshes of the Atlantic coast of the United volution. The species abounded in past geological ages, paratus invented by Irrirlm tor ascertaining tn 
States. Also frequently written Ammodramux, as origi- but became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous epoch or percentage ot ammonia in solutions, 
nally by Swainson, 1827. beginning of the Tertiary period. Ammonian (a-mo'ni-an), a. [< L. "Ammonia- 
carbonic acid and ether in a vacuum. Its density is only guished pupil being Plotinus. 
about half that of atmospheric air. It is a strong base, amnioniate (a-mo'ni-at), n. [< 
and forms a great number of salts which are isomorphous _ afe i -i j Ammonia combined wi 
with those of potassium and exhibit a close analogy to " -J ' . 
ammonia + 
.onia combined with a metallic 
oxid. 2. A trade-name for any organic nitro- 
a source 
as dried 
One of 'the ^Ammodytida;. 2. A name used in formerly so called to distinguish it from the Relating to Ammonius, surnamed Saccas, of 
books for the sand-natter, a serpent of southern m ore fixed alkalis. It is a colorless gas, very sol- Alexandria, who lived early in the third century, 
Europe. uble in water^ having a pungent ansuffocating s^iell, and ig often caUed the foun der of the Neo- 
Ammodytes (am-o-di tez), re. [L., < Gr. afifto- 
6I>T>K, a sand-burrower, a kind of serpent, < 
afiua^, sand (see ammite), + Sirrr/i;, a diver, < 
Si'fLv, dive, sink into, enter.] 1. A genus of 
fishes, of the family Ammodytida; ; the sand-eel 
or sand-lance (which see). 2. In herpet., sand- 
natters, a genus of colubnform serpents, usually 
called Eryx (which see). Bonaparte, 1831. trogenous organic matters, sucn as nones nair, /Spm'',' ' blood, fish-scrap, etc. 
ammodytid (am-o-di'tid), n. ttae of the Am- %$ ^S^&SS^^ST^SSiSffSSt ammoniated (a P 'mo'ni-a-ted), a. [< ammo- 
modytida;. very largely in medicine and the arts, chiefly in solution niate.~] Combined with ammonia. 
Ammodytidse (am-o-dit'i-de), re. pi. [NL., < in water under the name of liquid ammonia, aqueous &vaaffa \f> (a-mon'ik), a. [< ammonia + -tc.] 
Ammodytes + -idee.'] A family of anacanthine ammonia, or spirits of hartshorn. (See ' "* J""*' Pertaining to or derived from ammonia: as, 
teleocephalous fishes, with an elongated body ^Jj^" ^^'nioni'unfchlorid, or sal ammoniac, NHjCl, ammonic chlorid. 
which formerly was the source from which all ammonium ammoniemia, ammoiUSemia (a-mo-ni-e'mi-a), 
f salto were prepared. It is largely used in dyeing, and in rjj-r / ammonium + Gr. alua, blood.] A 
soldering and tinning. At present ammonium sulphate, LjkEitLiaw -, nhnrnntpriT-pd hv the nrpspnce 
^ (NH 4 )S0 4 , is the starting-point for the manufacture of morbid condition characterized by tl 
ammonium salts, being made in large quantity from gas- of ammonium carbonate in the blood, 
liquor. It is also used as a fertilizer. There are several ammoniflcation (a-mon"i-fi-ka'shon), . [< 
ammonium carbonates. The commercial article, called ammon ^ a + .-ti cation.'] The act of'impregnat- 
shaped like a parallelogram. Its technical charac- ml volatile, is a mixture of hydrogen-ammonium carbonate . - th ^ OT1 : a as for fertilization or the 
ten are a dorsolateral line conical head with terminal and ammonium carbamate. See ammonium. mg with ammonia, a. 
mouth and protractile jaws, postmedian aims, narrow 3 [cap.! In zool. : (a) An old quasi-generic state ot being s< 
name of Spirilla. Breyn, 1732. (6) A genus of Ammonifica,twn [of the soil of Japan] can be performed 
Sand-lance (Ammodytes americanits}. 
apertures, lamelliform P-dobrancl^^taig dorsal fln, ^^^ --^^^^-Ammonlaprf m-ocess, 0,^^^ depth of 60 centimeter, 
a long sub-postmedi 
the absence of ventral fins. The species are of small size, 
12 
a process, partly chemical and partly electrical, for sepa- 
. 
Sci. Amer. Sup., XXII. 8789. 
