an- 
gin, the same as on- 1 and a- 2 , occurring un- 
felt in (ini'iit, anon, aintn, an(n)eal l , an(n)eal z , 
etc., and with accent in anvit (but in this and 
some other words perhaps originally and-: see 
an-' 2 . [< ME. an-, an<l-,< AS. and-: see and- and 
a-6, and cf. an- 1 .] A prefix of Anglo-Saxon 
origin, a reduced form of and- (which see), oc- 
curring unfelt in answer. 
an- 3 . [< ME. and OF. a-, later restored to an-, 
< L. an-, assimilated form of ad- before n ; but in 
classical L. this assimilation was not prevalent. 
In ME. and AF. an- often represents other L. 
prefixes, in-, ex-, ob-, etc., also ad- unassimi- 
lated: see anoint, annoy, ancheson = enclieason, 
etc.] A prefix of Latin origin, usually an as- 
similation of ad- before n-, as in annex, an- 
nul, announce, etc., but sometimes represent- 
ing Latin in-, as in anoint, annoy. 
an- 4 . [< lj- an-, ,01'ig. innbi-: see ambi-.~\ A prefix 
of Latin origin, a reduced form of ambi-, oc- 
curring (unfelt in English) in ancilc, aneipital, 
anfractuous, etc. 
an- 6 . [< Gr. a.v-, the fuller form of a- priv., pre- 
served before a vowel : see a- 18 . The nasal is 
also lost in the cognate Icel. u- for MM-: see 
Mn- 1 .] A prefix of Greek origin, the fuller 
form of a- privative (a- 18 ) preserved before a 
vowel, as in anarchy, anarthrous, anecdote, 
anomaly, etc. 
an- 6 . [< Gr. av-, elided form of ova- before a 
vowel: see ana-.] A prefix of Greek origin, 
the form of ana- before a vowel, as in anode. 
-an. [< ME. -a, reg. -ain, -ein, -en, < OF. -ain, 
-ein, or before *, -en, mod. F. -ain, -en, fern, -aine, 
-enne, = Sp. It. Pg. -ano, fern. -ana, < L. -anus, 
fern, -area, neut. -anum, parallel to -enus, -inus, 
-inus, -onus, -unus, being -nu-s (= Gr. -vo-f ) 
preceded by various vowels ; = AS. -en, E. -en, 
suffix of adjectives and pp. suffix : see -en 1 and 
-en 2 , and cf. -in 1 , -in* 1 . With an additional 
vowel, the suffix appears in L. as -aneus, in E. 
accom. as -aneous, q. v., or disguised in foreign, 
q. v. The reg. ME. form of this suffix remains 
in dozen, citizen, etc., captain, chieftain, chap- 
lain, villain, etc., disguised in sovereign (prop. 
soveren); but in mod. E., in many words, -an 
has taken the place of the older -ain, -en, as in 
human, and is the reg. form in words of recent 
introduction, varying with -ane in some words, 
chiefly dissyllables, as in mundane, usually dif- 
ferentiated from forms in -an, as in humane, 
urbane, etc., beside human, urban, etc.] A suf- 
fix of Latin origin, forming adjectives which 
are or may be also used as nouns. It expresses 
various adjective relations, being used especially with 
proper names to form local or patrial adjectives or nouns, 
as Roman, Italian, Grecian, Ainerican, Fijian, etc. ; terms 
indicating party, sect, or system, as Arian, Lutheran, 
Wesleyan, Mohammedan, Copernican, Linnean, etc., so in 
Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Unitarian, etc. ; and in zool- 
ogy, to form adjectives and nouns from names of classes or 
orders, as inamtnalian, reptilian, etc. As an English for- 
mative it is confined chiefly to words which may be made 
to assume a Latin type, having here also the euphonic 
variant -ian, especially in proper adjectives, as in Dar- 
vrinian, Johnsonian, etc. 
ana 1 (an'a or a'na), n. pi. [<-ana, q. v.] A 
general term for books recording miscellane- 
ous sayings, anecdotes, and gossip about a par- 
ticular person or subject ; the sayings and anec- 
dotes themselves. See -ana. 
But, all his vast heart sherris-warm'd, 
He flash'd his random speeches ; 
Ere days, that deal in ana, swarra'd 
His literary leeches. 
Tennyson, Will Waterproof. 
ana 2 . [< Gr. avd, prep., at (so much each) : see 
aa-.] A word used in medical prescriptions 
in a distributive sense, as in Greek, to indi- 
cate an equal quantity of each : often written 
ad, earlier and more correctly aa, where the 
mark above the first a, according to general 
medieval practice, represented the omission 
of n. See tilde. 
ana 3 , n. See anna 1 . 
ana-. (X L. ana-, < Gr. ava-, prefix, avd, prep., up, 
upon, hence along, throughout ; distributively, 
at (so much each) (see ana 2 ) ; in comp., up, up- 
ward, throughout, back, again, = Goth, ana = 
AS. an, on, E. on: see an 3 , an- 1 , on.] A pre- 
fix of Greek origin, meaning up, upon, along, 
throughout, back, again, etc., as in anabasis. 
-ana. [L. -ana, neut. pi. of -anus, a common 
adj. suffix, used, for example, to form adjec- 
tives from proper names, as Ciceronianus, Cice- 
ronian, from Cicero(n-), Cicero: see -an.] A 
suffix of Latin origin, in modern use with a eu- 
phonic variant, -i-ana, to form collective plu- 
rals, as Kealiijeranu, Johnsoniana, etc., applied 
191 
to a collection of sayings of Scaliger, of John- 
son, etc., or of anecdotes or gossip concerning 
them; also sometimes appended to common 
nouns, as hofiana (annals of pugilism); more 
recently extended to all the literature of a sub- 
ject, as Americana, Shaksperiana, etc. Hence 
sometimes used as an independent word, ana. 
See ana 1 . 
anabamous (an-ab'a-mus), a. [Irreg. < Gr. ava, 
upward, + jiaivetv, go: see Anabas, anabasis.] 
In ichth., a term applied to certain fishes which 
are said to be able to climb trees for a short 
distance. See Anabun. 
anabantid (an-a-ban'tid), . A fish of the 
family Aniilxintiila'. 
Anabantidae (an-a-ban'ti-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Anabas (-ban t-) + -idle.] A family of acanthop- 
terygian fishes, typified by the genus Anabas, 
to which various limits have been assigned, 
(a) After the Cuviurian system of classification, a family 
characterized by the division of the superior pharyngcals 
into small irregular lamella;, more or less numerous, and 
intercepting cells containing water, which thus flows upon 
and moistens the gills while the flsh is out of water. It 
includes the ophiocephalids as well as the anabantids 
proper, the osphromenids, and the helostomids. (6) 
Among later authors, a family characterized by a com- 
pressed oblong body, moderate ctenoid scales, and a su- 
perbranchial organ in a cavity accessory to the gill-cham- 
ber. It includes the osphromenids and the helostomids 
as well as the typical anahantids. (c) By Cope the fam- 
ily was limited to Labyrinthici with the second epipha- 
ryngeals suppressed, the flrst superior branchihyals with 
three laminae, and the second and third developed. Also 
written Anabatidce, and sometimes Anabasidce. See cut 
under Anabas. 
anabantoid (an-a-ban'toid), a. and n. [< 
Anabas (-bant-) + -oid.~\ I. a. Having the char- 
acters of the Anabantida;, or fishes with laby- 
rinthiform pharyngeals. 
II. n. An anabantid. 
anabaptism (an-a-bap'tizm), n. [< LL. anabap- 
tisnius (Augustine), < LGr. *ava]Jaimo[i6f, ava- 
fldTTTtaua, rebaptism, < Gr. dvaftavTt^eiv, dip re- 
peatedly, LGr. baptize again: see anabaptize.] 
1. A second baptism ; rebaptism. N. E. D. 
2. [cap.] The doctrine or practices of the Ana- 
baptists. 
Anabaptist (an-a-bap'tist), n. [< NL. anabap- 
tista, < Gr. as if 'avapairTimqc, < dvaflanTi&iv, re- 
baptize: see anabaptism.] One who believes 
in rebaptism; specifically, one of a class of 
Christians who hold baptism in infancy to be 
invalid, and require adults who have received 
it to be baptized on joining their communion. 
The name is best known historically as applied to the fol- 
lowers of Thomas Miinzer, a leader of the peasants' war in 
Germany, who was killed in battle in 1525, and to those of 
John Matthias and John Bockold, or John of Leyden, who 
committed great excesses while attempting to establish a 
socialistic kingdom of New Zion or Mount Zion at Munster 
in Westphalia, and were defeated in 1535, their leaders 
being killed and hung up in iron cages, which are still 
preserved in that city. The name has also been applied to 
bodies of very different character in other respects, prob- 
ably always in an opprobrious sense, since believers in the 
sole validity of adult baptism refuse to regard it as re- 
baptism in the case of pel-sons who had received the rite in 
infancy. It is now most frequently used of the Mennon- 
ites. See Mennanite. 
Over his bow'd shoulder 
Scowl'd that world-hated and world-hating beast, 
A haggard Anabaptist. Tennyson, Queen Mary, ii. 2. 
anabaptistic (an"a-bap-tis'tik), a. [^.Anabap- 
tist + -ic.] Of or relating to the Anabaptists 
or to their doctrines. 
anabaptistical (an*a-bap-tis'ti-kal), a. Same 
as anabaptistic. 
anabaptistically (an"a-bap-tis'ti-kal-i), adv. 
In conformity with anabaptistic doctrine or 
practice. 
anabaptistryt (an-a-bap'tis-tri), n. [< Anabap- 
tist + -ry for -ery.] Same as anabaptism. 
Anabaptigtry was suppressed in Munster. 
E. Paffit, Heresiography, p. 9. 
anabaptize (an"a-bap-tiz'), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
anabaptized, ppri anabaptizing. [< NL. anabap- 
tizare, < Gr. avafiawTi&iv, dip repeatedly, LGr. 
baptize again, < avd, again, + /3a7m'fe<v, dip, 
baptize : see baptize.] To rebaptize ; baptize 
again; rechristen; rename. 
Some called their profound ignorances new lights ; they 
were better anabaptized into the appellation of extin- 
guishers. Whitlock, Manners of Eng., p. 160. 
Anabas (an'a-bas), . [NL., < Gr. avafidf (ava- 
/iavr-), second aorist part, of dvaflaiveiv, go up, 
mount, climb, < avd, up, -t- flaivew, go,=L. venire, 
come, = E. come, q. 
v.] A genus of acau- 
thopterygian fishes, 
type of the family 
Anabantida; (which 
see). Anabas scandens 
c\imb\ng-fmh (Juntas scanitensi. is the celebrated climb- 
anabolic 
enabled by 
live a long time out of water, to proceed some distance on 
dry land, ami to climb trees for a distance of about 6 or 7 
feet. SIM- rliiiiliinii-fth. 
Anabasidae (an-a-bas'i-de), n.pl. [NL., irreg. 
< AntilitiK + -idee.] Same as Anabantida. 
anabasis (a-nab'a-sis), n. ; pi. anabases (-sez). 
[L., < Gr. dvdjJaatf, a going up, an ascent, < ava- 
[laiveiv, go up: see Anabas. Cf. basis.] 1. A 
going up, especially a military advance: op- 
posed to catabasis. Specifically, the title of a work 
in which Xeimjihon narrates the experiences of the Greek 
mercenaries of Cyrus the Younger in his attempt in 401 
B.C. to dethrone his brother, Artaxerxes II., king of Persia. 
Hence 2. Any military expedition : as, "the 
anabasis of Napoleon," l)e Quincey; "General 
Sherman's great anabasis," Spectator, Dec. 31, 
1864. 3f. The course of a disease from the 
commencement to the climax. ./. Thomas. 
anabasse (an-a-bas'), n. [F.] A coarse kind 
of blanketing made in France and the Nether- 
lands for the African market. 
anabata (an-ab'a-ta), n. [ML.; informlike Gr. 
ava/3aT(if, verbal adj. of avaftaivstv, go up (see 
Anabas) ; in sense like ML. "anabola (corrupt- 
ly analabus), anaboladium, anabolarium, a cope 
(see abolla).] Eccles., a hooded cope, usually 
worn in outdoor processions, frequently larger 
and longer than the closed cope. Lee, Eccles. 
Terms. 
Anabates (an-ab'a-tez^, n. [NL., < Gr. avafta- 
rr/f, one who mounts, < ava/iaiveiv, mount, go up : 
see Anabas, and cf . andabata.] A genus of birds 
established by Temminck in 1820 upon A. rufi- 
caudus, a synallaxine bird of South America. 
The name was subsequently applied by authors to various 
birds of the same group. Nearly synonymous with Synal- 
laxix (which see). 
Anabatidae 1 (an-a-bat'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < Ana- 
bates + -ida;.] In ornith., a family of birds 
named by Bonaparte, 1849. The name was adopted 
by Gray for the South American creepers commonly called 
Dendrocolaptidte, including such leading genera as Fur- 
narius, Sflerurus, Oxyrhamphux, Dendrocolaptes, etc.; by 
Gray made to cover also the nuthatches. The group so 
composed is incapable of definition, and the term is little 
used. 
Anabatidae 2 (an-a-bat'i-de), n.pl. [NL., irreg. < 
Anabas + -ida:] "In ichth., same as Anabantida;. 
Anabatinas (an"a-ba-ti'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Ana- 
bates + -ina;.] A' subfamily of birds named by 
Swainson in 1837: a synonym of Kynallaxina; 
(which see). 
anabiosis (an"a-bl-6'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. ava- 
ftiduv, come to life again: see anabiotic.] Re- 
animation; resuscitation; recovery after sus- 
pended animation. [Rare.] 
anabiotic (an"a-bl-ot'ik), a. [< Gr. avafti6uv, 
come to life again. < avd, again, + fiioeiv, live (> 
/liariKof, adj.), < [Itof, life.] In med., reviving; 
acting as a stimulant. 
Anablepina (an'a-ble-pi'na), n. pi. [NL., < 
Anableps + -ina.] In Gunther's classification 
of fishes, a division of carnivorous cyprino- 
donts having all the teeth pointed and the 
sexes differentiated, the anal fin of the male 
being modified into an intromittent organ. 
The group includes the genus Anableps and 
several other genera. 
Anableps (an'a-bleps), n. [NL., < Gr. dva- 
fiUtreiv, look up, > avd, up, + /iA^irctv, look.] 
A genus of cyprinodont fishes unique among 
vertebrates on account of the division of the 
cornea into upper and lower halves by a dark 
Four-eyes (Anableps tetraophthctlmus 
horizontal stripe of the conjunctiva, and the 
development of two pupils to each orbit, so 
that the fish appears to have four eyes, one 
pair looking upward and the other pair side- 
wise. There are several species of the genus, the prin- 
cipal one being A. tftraophthalmus, known as the four- 
eyes, inhabiting the sandy shores of tropical American seas. 
anabole (an-ab'o-le), n. [NL., < Gr. dvafioMi, 
what is thrown up, < avaftiMs.iv, throw up, < 
ava, up, + /Idf^civ, throw.] A throwing up; 
specifically, in med., an evacuation upward; 
an act by which certain matters are ejected 
by the mouth, including spitting, expectora- 
tion, regurgitation, and vomiting. 
anabolic (an-a-bol'ik), a. [< Gr. dvafto^, a 
throwing up, rising up, + -ic.] Characterized 
by or exhibiting anabolism ; pertaining to an- 
abolism in general ; assimilative ; constructive- 
ly metabolic. 
