anathema 
secrated to the worship of God. The principal 
English uses, however, are derived from the 
form anathema.'] 1. A person or thing held to 
be accursed or devoted to damnation or destruc- 
tion. 
The Jewish nation was an amitln'ma destined to de- 
struction. St. I'aul . . . says he could wish to save them 
from it, and to become ;ui anathema, and to he destroyed 
himself. Locke, Paraphrase of Rom. i\. :',. 
It is Cod's will, the Holy Father's will, 
And Philip's will, and mine, that he should burn. 
He is pronounced anathema. 
Teimi/Min, Queen Mary, iv. 1. 
2. A curse or denunciation pronounced with 
religious solemnity by ecclesiastical author- 
ity, involving excommunication. This species of 
excommunication was practised in the ancient churches 
against incorrigible offenders. Churches were warned not 
to receive them, magistrates and private persons were ad- 
monished not to harbor or maintain them, and priests were 
enjoined not to converse with them or attend their fu- 
nerals. Also called judiciary anathema. The formula, 
"which if anybody deny let him be anathema," is com- 
monly added to the decrees of ecclesiastical councils, and 
especially to the doctrinal canons of ecumenical councils. 
It is denied by some theologians that the idea of a curse 
properly belongs to the anathema as used in the Christian 
church. See excommunication. 
In pronouncing anathema against wilful heretics, the 
Church does but declare that they are excluded from her 
communion, and that they must, if they continue obsti- 
nate, perish eternally. Cath. Diet. 
Hence 3. Any imprecation of divine punish- 
ment ; a curse ; an execration. 
She fled to London, followed by the anathemas of both. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair. 
Drawing his falchion and uttering a thousand anathe- 
mas, he strode down to the scene of combat. 
Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 382. 
4. Anything devoted to religious uses Abjura- 
tory anathema, the act of a convert who anathematizes 
the heresy which he abjures. Anathema maranatha 
(mar-an-a'thii, prop. ma-ran"a-tha'). [LL. (Vulgate) ana- 
thema, Maran atha, < Gr. apadc/xa, ^apai- ada, prop, sepa- 
rated by a period, being the end of a sentence, Gr. TJTO> avo.- 
0ffj.a, LL. sit anathema, let him be anathema, followed by 
auotlier sentence, Mapdr affa, < Syr. mdrari etha', lit. the 
Lord hath come, here used appar. as a solemn formula of 
confirmation, like amen, q. v.j A phrase, properly two 
separate words (see etymology), occurring in the following 
passage, where it is popularly regarded (and hence some- 
times elsewhere used) as an intenser form of anathema. 
If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be 
Anathema Maran-alha. [Revised version, "let him be 
anathema. Maran atha."] 1 Cor. xvi. 22. 
= 3 yn. 2 and 3. Curse, Execration, etc. See malediction. 
anathematic (a-nath-e-mat'ik), a. [< ML. ana- 
thematicus, < LL. anathfma, a curse ; the Gr. 
at>a(te,u<mKof, better dvaft?^ar6f, means only 
' pertaining to votive offerings ' : see anathema.] 
Pertaining to or having the nature of an anath- 
ema. 
anathematical (a-nath-e-mat'i-kal), a. Same 
as anathematic. 
anathematically (a-nath-e-mat'i-kal-i), adv. 
In the manner of an anathema ; as or by means 
of anathemas. 
anathematisation, anathematise, etc. See 
anathematization, etc. 
anathematism (a-nath'e-ma-tizm), n. [< MGr. 
ava6e[iaTia/i6f, < Gr. avaBefiari^uv : see anathema- 
tize.] The act of anathematizing ; an excom- 
municatory curse or denunciation ; hence, a de- 
cree of a council ending with the words, "let 
him be anathema." See anathema. [Rare.] 
We find a law of Justinian forbidding anathematising to 
be pronounced against the Jewish Hellenists. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1839), XIII. 540. 
anathematization (a-nath'e-mat-i-za'shon), . 
[< ML. anathematizatio(n-), < LL. anathemati- 
zare, pp. "anathematizatus, anathematize: see 
anathematize.] The act of anathematizing or 
denouncing as accursed; excommunication. 
Also spelled anathematisation. 
Prohibiting the . . . anathematization of persons de- 
ceased in the peace of the church. 
Barrow, The Pope's Supremacy. 
anathematize (a-nath'e-ma-tiz), v. ; pret. and 
pp. anathematized, ppr. anathematizing. [= 
F. anathematiser, < LL. anathematizare, < Gr. 
avaBeuari&iv, devote to evil, excommunicate, 
curse, < avddeua: see anathema.] I. trans. To 
pronounce an anathema against; denounce; 
curse. 
The priests continued to exorcise the possessed, to prose- 
cute witches, and to anathematise as infidels all who 
questioned the crime. Lecky, Rationalism, I. 115. 
At length his words found vent, and for three days he 
[William the Testy] kept up a constant discharge, anath- 
ematizing the Yankees, man, woman, and child. 
Irviny, Knickerbocker, p. 222. 
II. intrans. To pronounce anathemas ; curse. 
Well may mankind shriek, inarticulately anathematiz- 
ing as they can. Carlyle, French Rev., III. i. Q. 
Also spelled anathematise. 
199 
anathematizer (a-nath'e-ma-tl-zer), . One 
who anathematizes. Also spelled unntltenia- 
tisi-r. 
anatheme (an'a-them), ii. [< OF. anatlmm: 
(Cotgrave), < LL. anathema or anathema: see 
anathema.] Same as anathema, in any sense. 
[Rare.] 
Your holy father of Rome hath smitten with his thun- 
derbolt of excommunications and anathernets . . . most 
of the orthodox churches of the world. 
Sheldon, Miracles (161), p. 129. 
Anatidae (a-nat'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Anas 
(Anat-), a duck, + -idee.'} A family of birds 
corresponding to the Linnean genera Anas and 
Mergits, and conterminous with the order Anse- 
res or Lamcllirostres, exclusive of the flamingos ; 
a family of palmiped, lamellirostral, natatorial 
birds, containing the ducks, geese, swans, and 
mergansers ; the Chenomorphce of Huxley. They 
are commonly divided into 5 subfamilies : Cyyninw, the 
swans ; Anserime, the geese ; Anatinte, the river or fresh- 
water ducks ; Fuliyulinie, the sea-ducks; and Mergince, 
the mergansers. There are upward of 175 species, repre- 
senting about 70 modern genera or subgenera, of all parts 
of the world, and commonly called collectively wild fowl 
or water-fowl. A distinctive character is the lamellate or 
toothed bill, invested with a tough coriaceous integument 
hardened at the end into a more or less distinct nail, 
whence the Anatidce are sometimes called Unguirostres. 
The technical characters are : short legs, more or less pos- 
terior, buried beyond the knees in the common integument, 
and feathered nearly or quite to the sutfrago ; tarsi scntel- 
late or reticulate, or both ; feet palmate and 4-toed ; hallux 
free, simple or lobed ; desmognathous palate ; sessile oval 
basipterygoid facets ; the angle of the mandible produced 
and recurved ; oil-gland present ; two carotids ; the tongue 
large and fleshy, with a greatly developed glossohyal bone 
and lateral processes corresponding to the lamella of the 
bill ; and the trachea sometimes folded in an excavation 
of the breast-bone. 
Anatifa (a-nat'i-fa), n. [NL., contr. from ana- 
tifera, fern, of anatiferus : see anatiferous.} A 
genus of thoracic or ordinary cirripeds, of the 
family Lepadida!, established by Bruguiere ; 
barnacles, goose-mussels, or tree-geese. The 
name is derived from some fancied resemblance of the 
Lepas anatifera to a bird, whence arose the vulgar error 
that the barnacle-goose, Anas or Anger bernicla, was pro- 
duced from this cirriped, which was supposed to turn into 
the bird when it dropped from the tree upon which it 
was fabled to grow. [Disused.] See Lepadidce, Lepas. 
anatifer (a-nat'i-fer), n. [< NL. anatifer, ana- 
tiferus: see anatiferous."] A barnacle; a goose- 
mussel or tree-goose ; a member of the genus 
Anatifa. 
anatiferous (an-a-tif 'e-rus), a. [< NL. anatifer, 
anatiferus, < L. anas (anat-), a duck (see Anas), 
+ -fer, (.ferre = E. fiearl.] Producing geese; 
that is, producing the cirripeds formerly called 
tree-geese or goose-mussels, which adhere to 
submerged wood or stone, but were formerly 
supposed to grow on trees, and then to drop off 
into the water and turn into geese : an epithet 
of the barnacle, Lepas anatif era, and of the trees 
upon which it was supposed to grow. See Ana- 
tifa, Lepas. 
Anatiferous trees, whose corruption breaks forth into 
barnacles. Sir T. Browne., Vulg. Err. (1646), p. 133. 
Anatina (an-a-ti'na), n. [NL., fern, of L. ana- 
tinus, of or pertaining to the duck : see anatine. ] 
A genus of bivalve mollusks, typical of the 
family Anatinidce. Lamarck, 1809. 
Anatinpe 1 (an-a-tl'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Anas 
(Anat-) + -incE : see Anas.} A subfamily of ana- 
tine birds, of the family Anatidce, including the 
fresh-water ducks or river-ducks, typified by the 
restricted genus Anas. They are separated from the 
FuliguKnoe, orsea-ducks, byhaving the hallux simple, not 
lobed. The name Anatince has occasionally been used to 
distinguish the "ducks," collectively, from other Anatidce, 
as the sw_ans, geese, and mergansers ; in this use it includes 
the Fuligulinw. The Anatince proper include the mal- 
lard (Anai boschas), the wild original of domestic ducks, 
and many other species, as the widgeon, gadwall, pintail, 
shoveler, wood-duck, and the various kinds of teal. See 
cuts under Chaulelanmuft, mallard, and widgeon. 
Anatinse- (an-a-ti'ne), n. pi. [NL., fern, pi.; of. 
Anatina.'] In 'conch., a group of bivalve mol- 
lusks related to the clams, now restricted to 
the family Anatinidce (which see). Lamarck. 
anatine (au'a-tin), a. [< L. anatinus, of the 
duck, < anas (anat-), a duck: see Anas.'} Re- 
sembling a duck ; duck-like ; specifically, of or 
pertaining to the Anatince or to the Anatidce. 
anatinid (a-nat'i-nid), n. A bivalve mollusk of 
the family Anatinidce. 
Anatinidae (an-a-tin'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Ana- 
tina + -idee.'} Lantern-shells, a family of sipho- 
niate lamellibranch mollusks, typified by the 
genus Anatina, to which various limits have 
been assigned. As generally used, it embraces forms 
which have the mantle-margins united, the long siphons 
partly united, the gills single on each side, and the small 
foot compressed. The shell is somewhat inequivalve, thin, 
and nacreous inside ; there is an external ligament and 
un internal cartilage Httiug into the pit of the hinge, and 
anatomize 
generally an ossicle is developed (whence the family is 
sometimes called Osteodegmaeea). Species are numerous 
in the present seas, lint were still more so in the ancient, 
especially during the Jurassic epoch. See cut under Pho- 
taaomyfa. 
anatocism (a-nat'o-sizm), n. [< L. anatocismus. 
<. Gr. avaroKiafiof, < ava, again, + ronifciv, lend 
on interest, < TUKOC, interest, produce, < TIKTCIV, 
second aor. renelv, produce, bear.] Compound 
interest ; the taking of compound interest, or 
the contract by which such interest is secured. 
[Rare.] 
Anatoideae (an-a-toi'de-e), n.pl. [NL., < Anas 
(Anat-) + -oidece.} A superfamily of birds, 
the dxick tribe in the broadest sense, corre- 
sponding to the Lamellirostres of some writers, 
the Anseres, Unguirostres, or Dermorhynchi of 
others ; the Chenomorpha: of Huxley. 
Anatolian (an-a-to'li-an), a. [< Anatolia, < Gr. 
avaroMj, a rising, esp. of the sun, the east.] Of 
or pertaining to Anatolia, that is, Asia Minor, 
or the greater part of it on the west and north- 
west. 
Bismarck "would not sacrifice one Pomeranian soldier" 
for the sake of the Sultan, or the Sultan one Anatolian 
Turk for Bismarck. Contemporary Rev., XLVIII. 687. 
Anatolian pottery, pottery made in Anatolia. The name 
is given by dealers and collectors to a pottery of soft paste 
with a white glaze, supposed to be from the factories of 
Kutahia or Kutayeh, in Asia Minor. The pieces are gen- 
erally small ; the decoration is in bright colors, similar to 
Damascus or Rhodian ware, but coarser, and the glaze is 
less adherent to the surface. 
Anatolic (an-a-tol'ik), a. [< MGr. 'Avaro^tKAf, 
pertaining to 'AvaroA/a, Anatolia (cf. Gr. dvaro/u- 
Kof, eastern), < avaro^, the east : see Anatolian.'] 
Same as Anatolian. Amer. Jour, of Archceol., 
II. 124. 
anatomic (an-a-tom'ik), a. Same as anatomi- 
cal. 
anatomical (an-a-tom'i-kal), a. [< L. anatomi- 
cus, < Gr. avaTOfiiK6s, < avaro/2% = LGr. avaro/iia, 
anatomy: see anatomy.'] 1. Of or pertaining 
to anatomy ; according to the principles of anat- 
omy ; relating to the parts of the body when dis- 
sected or separated. 2. Structural or mor- 
phological, as distinguished from functional or 
physiological : as, anatomical characters. 
anatomically (an-a-tom'i-kal-i), adv. In an 
anatomical manner; as regards structure; by 
means of anatomy or dissection. 
anatomico-physiological (an-a-tom'i-ko-fiz'i- 
o-loj'i-kal), a. Relating both to anatomy and 
to physiology. 
anatomiet, n. A former spelling of anatomy. 
anatomiless (a-nat'o-mi-les), a. [(anatomy 
+ -less."] Structureless; improperly formed; 
amorphous, as if anatomically unnatural, or 
constructed without regard to anatomy. 
Ugly goblins, and formless monsters, anatomiless and 
rigid. Ruskin, Stones of Venice, II. vi. 14. (N. E. D.) 
anatomisation, anatomise, etc. See anatomi- 
zation, etc. 
anatomism (a- nat'o-mizm), n. [< F. anato- 
misme: see anatomy and -m.] 1. Anatomical 
analysis; organization with reference to ana- 
tomical structure ; exhibition of anatomical de- 
tails or features, as in painting or statuary. 2. 
Anatomical structure regarded as a basis of bio- 
logical phenomena ; anatomy considered as the 
foundation of the phenomena of life exhibited 
by organized bodies. 3. The doctrine that 
anatomical structure accounts for all manifes- 
tations of vitality ; anatomical materialism, as 
opposed to animism. 
anatomist (a-nat'o-mist), . [< F. anatomiste : 
see anatomy and -ist.] One who is versed in 
anatomy ; one skilled in the art of dissection. 
anatomization (a-nat"o-mi-za'shon), n. [< 
anatomize + -ation.] 1. Same as anatomy, 1. 
2. Figuratively, analysis; minute examina- 
tion. 3f. Anatomical structure. 
Also spelled anatomisation. 
anatomize (a-nat'o-mlz), r. ; pret. and pp. 
anatomized, ppr. anatomizing. [< F. anatomiser: 
see anatomy and -ize.~] I. trans. 1. To dissect, 
as a plant or an animal, for the purpose of 
showing the position, structure, and relation 
of the parts; display the anatomy of. 2. Fig- 
uratively, to analyze or examine minutely ; con- 
sider point by point. 
My purpose and endeavour is, in the following discourse 
to anatomize this humour of melancholy, through all its 
parts and species. 
Burton, Anat. of Mel. (To the Reader), p. 76. 
In her the painter had anatomized 
Time's ruin. Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1460. 
3f. In chem., to make an analysis of. 
II. intrans. To practise the art of dissection ; 
pursue anatomy as an employment, a science, 
or an art. [Rare.] 
