and 
We hove been up and down to seek him. 
Shak., M. ..f v., iii. 1. 
His fame and fate shall be 
An echo and a light unto eternity. 
Shelley, Adonais, 1. 8. 
Along the heath and near his favourite tree. 
Gray, Elegy, 1. 110. 
When many words, phrases, clauses, or sentences an; i-nn 
nected, the connective is now generally omitted before 
all except the last, unless retained for rhetorical dlVi-i. 
The connected elements are sometimes identical, express- 
ing continuous repetition, either definitely, as, to walk 
two and two ; or indefinitely, as, for ever and ever, to wait 
years and years. 
To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow, 
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, 
To the last syllable of recorded time. 
Shah., Macbeth, v. a. 
The repetition often implies a difference of quality under 
the same name: as, there are deacons <i,i'l deacons (that 
is, according to the proverb, " There's odds in deacons"); 
there are novels and novels (that is, all sorts of novels). 
To make the connection distinctly inclusive, the term bath 
precedes the first member : as, both in England and in 
France. For this, by a Latinism, and . . . and has been 
sometimes used in poetry (Latin and French et . , . et). 
Thrones and civil and divine. 
fi/tlrf>ter, tr. of Du Bartas. 
2. Introductive : in continuation of a previous 
sentence expressed, implied, or understood. 
And the Lord spake unto Moses. Num. i. 1. 
And he said unto Moses. Ex. xxiv. 1. 
In this use, especially in continuation of the statement 
implied by assent to a previous question. The continua- 
tion may mark surprise, incredulity, indignation, etc. : as, 
And shall I see him again? And you dare thus address 
me? 
And do you now put on your best attire, 
And do you now cull out a holiday 
And do you now strew flowers in his way, 
That comes in triumph over Pompey's blood ? 
Shak., J. C., i. 1. 
Alas! and did my Saviour bleed? Watts. 
3. Adverbial: Also; even. [Rare; in imita- 
tion of the Latin et in like use.] 
He that hatith me, hatith and [also, Purv.J my fadir. 
Wydif, John xv. 23 (Oxf. ed.). 
Not oonly he brak the saboth, but and [but, Purv.] he 
seide his fadir God. Wydif, John v. 18. 
Hence, but and, and also: common in the old 
ballads. 
And they hae chased in glide green-wood 
The buck but and the rae. 
Rose the. lied, and White Lilly, 
Child's Ballads, III. 180. 
She brought to him her beauty and truth, 
But and broad earldoms three. 
Lowell, Singing Leaves. 
B. Conditional use. [In this use not found 
in AS., but very common in ME. ; cf. Icel. enda 
and MHG. unde in similar use : a development 
of the coordinate use ; cf. so, adv. conj., mark- 
ing continuation, with so, conditional conj., if. 
This and, though identical with the coordi- 
nate, has been looked upon as a different word, 
and in modern editions is often artificially 
discriminated by being printed an: see a 2 .] 
If; supposing that : as, and you please. [Com- 
mon in the older literature, but in actual speech 
now only dialectal.] 
For, and I sholde rekenen every vice 
Which that she hath, ywis I were to nice. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Squire's Tale, 1. 15. 
Disadvantage ys, that now childern of gramer-scole con- 
neth no more Frensch than can here lift [their left} heele, 
<fe that is harm for ham [them] <fc a [if they] scholle passe 
the se, & trauayle in strange londes. 
Trevisa, tr. of Higden, Polychron., I. Ixix. 
And I suffer this, may I go graze. 
Fletcher, Woman's Prize, i. 3. 
Often with added if (whence mod. dial, an if^ 
nif, if). Hence, but and if, but if. 
But and if that servant say. Luke xii. 45. 
and-. [< ME. and-, and-, an-, on-, AS. and-, and-, 
often reduced to an-, on- = OS. ant- = OFries. 
and-, and-, an-, on- = I), out- = OHG. MHG. ant-, 
ent-, G. ant-, ent- (emp- before/) = Goth. and-, 
anda- = L. ante- = Gr. avrt-, orig. meaning ' be- 
fore' or 'against,' being the prep, and (AS. and 
= Goth. and, etc.) as prefix: see and, an-%, ante-, 
anti-.] A prefix in Middle English and Anglo- 
Saxon, represented in modern English by an- 
in answer, a- in alongl, and (mixed with original 
on-) by on- in onset, etc. 
andabata, andabate (an-dab'a-ta, an'da-bat), 
.; pi. andabata;, andabates (-te, -bats)! [L. 
amlabata (see def.), appar. a corrupt form for 
"anabata, < Gr. avaSari/f, a rider, lit. one who 
mounts, < avajlaiveiv, go up, mount: see Anabas, 
anabasis.] In Horn, antiq., a gladiator who 
fought blindfolded by wearing a helmet with- 
out openings for the eyes; hence, in modern 
application, one who contends or acts as if 
blindfolded. 
205 
With what eyes do these owls and Miml n ,itl<d"rti x look 
upon the Holy Scriptures. /; ton, Works, I. sal. 
andabatismt (an-dab'a-tizm), . [< L. iiinln- 
bata + -MI/I.] The practice of fighting blindly 
like an andabata; blind contention. 
Andalusian (nn-da-lu'ziau), a. and it. [< An- 
dalimia, Sp. Aiida'luria, < Sp. Aiulitlnz, an An- 
dalusian, prob. ult. < L. I'lindalii, the Vandals: 
see Vandal.] I. a. Belonging or pertaining to 
Andalusia, a large division of southern Spain, 
or to its inhabitants. 
II. ii. 1. An inhabitant of Andalusia in 
Spain. 2. A variety of fowl of the Spanish 
type, of medium size. 
andalusite (au-da-lu'sit), n. [< Andalusia + 
-ifc'-.] A mineral of a gray, green, bluish, flesh, 
or rose-red color, consisting of anhydrous sili- 
cate of aluminium, sometimes found crystal- 
lized in four-sided rhombic prisms. Its composi- 
tion is the same as that of cyanite and flbrolite. It was 
first discovered in Andalusia. Chiastolite (which see), or 
made, is an impure variety, showing a peculiar tessellated 
appearance in the cross-section. 
Andamanese (an"da-man-eV or -ez'), a. and . 
[< Andaman + -ese'.'] I. a. Pertaining to the 
Andaman islands, or to their inhabitants. 
II. H. sing, or pi. A native or the natives of 
the Andaman islands, situated in the eastern 
part of the bay of Bengal. The Andamanese are ro- 
bust and vigorous, resembling negroes, but of small stature, 
and are still in a state of savagery. 
andante (an-dan'te), a. and . [It., lit. walk- 
ing, ppr. of andare, walk, go: see alley^."\ I. a. 
In music, moving with a moderate, even, grace- 
ful progression. 
II. H. A movement or piece composed in an- 
dante time : ,s, the andante in Beethoven's fifth 
symphony. 
andantino (an-dan-te'no), a. and n. [It., dim. 
of andante, q. v.] I. a. In music, somewhat 
slower than andante. 
II. H. Properly, a movement somewhat slower 
than andante, but more frequently a movement 
not quite so slow as andante. 
andarac (an'da-rak), . Same as sandarae. 
anclaze (an'da-ze), . [Turk, andaze, endaze, < 
Ar. hindaze, an ell.] A Turkish cloth mea- 
sure equal to 27 (or according to Bedhouse 25) 
inches. Morgan, U. S. Tariff. 
Andean (an'de-an), a. [< Andes : said to be 
named from Peruv. anti, copper, or metal in 
general.] Pertaining to the Andes, a great 
system of mountains extending along the Pa- 
cific coast of South America, and sometimes re- 
garded as including the highlands of Central 
America and Mexico. 
Andersen's ganglion. See ganglion. 
Anderson battery. See battery. 
andesin, andesine (an'de-zin), . [< Andes + 
-i'w 2 .] A triclinic feldspar, intermediate be- 
tween the soda feldspar albite and the lime 
feldspar anorthite, and consequently contain- 
ing both soda and lime. It was originally obtained 
from the Andes, but has since been found in the Vosges 
and other localities. See feldspar. 
andesite (an'de-zit), re. [< Andes + -ite 2 ."] A 
volcanic rock of wide-spread occurrence, espe- 
cially in the Cordilleran region of North Amer- 
ica. It consists essentially of a mixture of a triclinic 
feldspar with either hornblende or augite. Those varieties 
containing the former are called hornblende andesite, the 
latter augite andesite. There are also varieties of andesite 
which contain a considerable percentage of quartz. The 
line of separation between the basalts and rocks called by 
many lithologists andesite cannot be sharply drawn. See 
baxatt. 
andesitic (an-de-zit'ik), a. [< andesite + -ic.~\ 
Pertaining to or containing andesite. 
Andigena (an-dij'e-iia), n. [NL., < Andes + 
L. -gams, -born: see -gen, -genous.~] A genus 
of toucans, family Bhamphastidte, embracing 
several Andean species. J. Gould, 1850. 
Andine (au'din or -din), a. [< NL. Andinus, < 
Andes. ] Of or pertaining to the Andes; Andean. 
Andine plants are especially those of the high alpine 
regions of the Andes. 
Andira (an-di'ra), n. [NL., from native name.] 
A genus of leguminous trees, of about 20 spe- 
cies, natives of tropical America. They have pin- 
nate leaves, and bear a profusion of showy flowers, followed 
by fleshy one-seeded pods. The timber is use<! for build- 
ing. A. MTmt>, the angelin- or cabbage-tree of the West 
Indies, furnishes the worm-bark, which has strong nar- 
cotic properties and was formerly used in medicine as a 
vermifuge. 
andira-guaca (an-de'ra-gwa'ka),w. [8. Amer.] 
The native name in South America of the vam- 
pire-bat, Vampyruii spectrum . See Phyllostomi- 
d<e, Vampyrus. Also written andira-giiacv. 
andiron (aud'i-ern), ii. [Early mod. E. andi- 
ron, until/run, aniidi/riin, /iiiiiili/ern, andi/ar (also 
with aspirate hinnlii-ii, lunidiroii, lunii/i/r/ni. 
Ancient Andirons, from Cobham, Kent, 
England. 
Andrea Ferrara 
mod. E. handiroii, simulating hand; also l<nl- 
i/nni, after F. landier), < ME. andyron, earlier 
iiniiiliri'ii, nHiiiti/rnc, iniiid/irf (the termination 
being popularly associated with ME. iron, irni, 
iiron, i/ri'ii, i/rc, E. iron ; cf. ME. briiiidiri-n, lirnml 
iron, oronayre, < AS. hranil-ixni, andiron, = D. 
hrnndij:i'r, an andiron, also a branding-iron, lit. 
'brand-iron'; cf. also AS. brand-rod, andiron, 
lit. 'brand-rod'), < OF. andirr, cndicr, later, 
by inclusion of the art. le, V, landier, mod. 
F. landier, dial, andifr, ninlniii, andi, in ML. 
with fluctuating term, aiidcriim, anderia, an- 
dcra, aiidn-a, /indeda, andedus, andegula, aii- 
gediila, more commonly andena, andenus, the 
fluctuation showing that the word was of un- 
known and hence prob. either of Celtic or Teut. 
origin, perhaps < Teut. *andja-, Goth. andeis = 
OHG. enti, MHG. G. cnde = AS. ende,E. end, 
the reason of the name being reflected in the 
mod. popular adaptation end-iron, q. v. End 
is prob. connected in its origin with the conj. 
and and the prefix and-, which would thus be 
brought into remote relation with the first syl- 
lable of andiron : see and, and-, end. But and- 
iron has nothing to do, etymologically, with 
hand or brand, or, except very remotely, if at 
all, with end.~\ 
One of a pair of 
metallic stands 
used to support 
wood burned 
on an open 
hearth, it con- 
sists of a horizon- 
tal iron bar raised 
on short legs, with 
an upright stand- 
ard in front. Usu- 
ally the standard is 
surmounted by a 
knob or other de- 
vice, and it is some- 
times elaborately 
ornamented and 
often sheathed 
with brass- or silver-work. The standards, before the gen- 
eral adoption of grate-fires, were often made very high ; 
those for kitchen use had brackets for holding the roast- 
ing-spit and hooks upon which kettles could be hung, and 
sometimes flat or bracket-shaped tops for holding dishes ; 
others were artistically forged in wrought-iron, or had the 
whole upright piece carved in bronze or some other costly 
material. Seldom used in the singular. Also called fire- 
doff. 
Her aiidirons 
(I had forgot them) were two winking Cupids 
Of silver, each on one foot standing, nicely 
Depending on their brands. SAa*., Cymbeline, ii. 4. 
The brazen andirons well brightened, so that the cheer- 
ful tire may see its face in them. 
Hawthorne, Old Manse, I. 165. 
Andorran (an-dor'ran), a. and . [< Andorra + 
-an J I. a. Pertaining to Andorra. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of Andorra, 
a small republic, semi-independent since Char- 
lemagne, situated in the eastern Pyrenees, be- 
tween the French department of Ariege and 
the Spanish province of L6rida. it is under the 
joint protection of France and the Bishop of Urgel, in Cata- 
lonia, Spain. 
andr-. See andro-. 
andra (an'drS), . [Appar. a native name.] 
A species of gazel found in northern Africa, 
Gazella ruficollis (the Antilope ruficollis of 
Smith), related to the common Egyptian spe- 
cies, (r. dorcas. 
andradite (an'dra-dlt), . [After the Portu- 
guese mineralogist d?Andrada.~\ A variety of 
common garnet containing calcium and iron. 
See garnet^. 
andranatomy (an-dra-nat'o-mi), . [< Gr. 
avfjp (avdp-), a man, -f- avarour/, dissection : see 
anatomy.'] The dissection of 
the human body, particularly 
that of the male ; human anat- 
omy; aiithropotomy; androt- 
omy. Hooper, Med. Diet., 
1811. [Bare.] 
Andreaea (an - dre - e ' a), n. 
[NL., named after G. B. An- 
drew, a German botanist. An- 
dreas was orig. gen. of LL. An- 
dreas, Andrew. See Andrew."] 
A genus of mosses constitut- 
ing the natural order Aiidre- 
ceaceiB, intermediate between ^nanaa attains. 
the Sphagnacece and the Brya- an j eh'St capsSc 
cece, or true mosses, it is distin- !* its ampnysis (). 
guished by the longitudinal dehiscence ' Fro L f ** a !'^ 
of the capsule into four valves ; other- gSa" 6 s de iJota 
wise it closely resembles the genus nique.") 
Grinunia. 
Andrea Ferrara (an'dre-a fe-ra'rii), n. A 
sword or sword-blade of a kind greatly es- 
