Animalia 
of nature; the animal kingdom (which see, 
under animal). 
animalic (an-i-mal'ik), a. [< animal + -ic.~\ 
Of or pertaining to animals. [Bare.] 
animaliculture (an-i-mal-i-kul'tur), . [< L. 
animal, animal, + cultura, culture.] The rais- 
ing and care of animals as a branch of indus- 
try ; stock-raising. [Rare.] 
animalisation, animalise. See animalization, 
animalisht (an'i-mal-ish), a. [< animal 
Of, pertaining to, or like an animal, especially 
an irrational animal ; brutish. [Bare.] 
The world hath no blood nor brains, nor any animalish 
or humane form. Cudworth, Intellectual System. 
animalism (an'i-mal-izm), n. [< animal + 
-ism.'] 1. The state of a mere animal; the 
state of being actuated by sensual appetites 
only, and not by intellectual or moral forces ; 
sensuality. 2. The exercise of animal facul- 
ties; animal activity. 3. A mere animal; spe- 
cifically, a human being dominated by animal 
qualities and passions. [Bare.] 
Girls, Hetairai, curious in their art, 
Hired animalisms, vile as those that made 
The mulberry-faced Dictator's orgies worse 
Than aught they fable of the quiet Gods. 
Tennyson, Lucretius. 
4. Inphysiol., same as animalcuUsm. 
animalist (an'i-mal-ist), n. [< animal + -ist.~\ 
1. A sensualist. 2. In physiol., an animal- 
culist. 3. In art, an artist who devotes his 
chief energies to tile representation of animals, 
as distinguished from one who represents the 
human figure, landscapes, etc. ; an animal- 
painter or animal-sculptor. 
Fifty years ago he [Barye] brought envy and malice on 
his head through the erection in the Avenue des Feuil- 
lants in the Turneries gardens of his colossal bronze lion 
and serpent. It was then the sneer of animalist began. 
The Century, XXXI. 484. 
animalistic (an"i-ma-lis'tik), a. [< animalist 
+ -ic.'] Pertaining to or characterized by ani- 
malism; sensual. 
animality (an-i-mal'i-ti), n. [= F. animaliti; 
< animal + -ity.~\ 1. "The state of being an ani- 
mal; animal existence or nature in man; the 
animal as opposed to the spiritual side of hu- 
man nature. 
Another condition which tends to produce social pro- 
gress is the perpetual struggle between the essential at- 
tributes of humanity and those of mere animality. 
L. F. Ward, Dynam. Sociol., I. 132. 
2. la physiol., the aggregate of those vital phe- 
nomena which characterize animals. See vege- 
We ftnd it convenient to treat of the laws of Animality 
in the abstract, expecting to find these ideals realized 
(within due limits) in every particular organism. 
O. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, II. iv. 42. 
Animalivora (an"i-ma-liv'o-ra), n. pi. [NL., 
neut. pi. of animalivorus : see animalivorous.'] 
In goal., a name given to the carnivorous and 
insectivorous bats, as distinguished from the 
frugivorous species. The term, in its application to 
hats, or Chiroptera, is an alternative synonym of Insecti- 
vora, which is preoccupied in, and oftener employed for, 
another group of mammals. 
animalivorous (an"i-ma-liv'o-rus), a. [< NL. 
animalivorus, < L. animal, animal, + vorare, 
devour.] Animal-eating ; carnivorous ; of or 
pertaining to the Animalivora. 
animalization (an-i-mal-i-za'shon), n. [< ani- 
malize + -ation.] 1. The act of making into 
an animal, or of endowing with animal attri- 
butes ; the act of representing (a higher being) 
under the form of an animal, as bearing its 
characteristic part, or as having its lower in- 
stincts and tastes. 
In the theology of both the Babylonians and Egyptians 
there is abundant evidence ... of ... the deification of 
animals, and the converse animalisation of Gods. 
Huxley, Nineteenth Century, XIX. 493. 
2. The process of rendering or of becoming ani- 
mal or degraded in life or habits ; the state of 
being under the influence of animal instincts 
and passions ; brutalization ; sensualization. 
The illusion of the greatest-happiness principle would 
eventually lead the world back to animalization. 
6. S. Hall, German Culture, p. 182. 
3. Conversion into animal matter by the pro- 
cess of assimilation. 
The alimentary canal, in which the conversion and ani- 
malization of the food takes place. Owen, Comp. Anat. 
4. The process of giving to vegetable fiber the 
appearance and quality of animal fiber. See 
animalize. 
The present view of animalization is, that it is not pos- 
sible to animalize a fabric in any other way than by actu- 
ally depositing upon it the uniinal matter in question. 
O'Xeill, Dyeing and Calico Printing, p. 66. 
219 
5. Population by animals; the number and 
kind of animals in a given place or region. 
What the French call the animalization of the depart- 
ments. Jour. Kay. Agric. Soc., I. 414. (N. E. D.) 
Also spelled animalisation. 
animalize (an'i-mal-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. ani- 
malizetl, ppr. animaliziny. [= F. animaliser ; 
< animal + -ize.~\ 1. To make into an animal ; 
endow with the attributes of an animal ; repre- 
sent in animal form: as, the Egyptians ani- 
malized their deities. 2. To give an animal 
character or appearance to ; especially, to ren- 
der animal in nature or habits ; brutalize ; sen- 
sualize ; excite the animal passions of. 
If a man lives for the table, . . . the eye grows dull, 
the gait heavy, the voice takes a coarse animalized sound. 
Bushnell, Sermons for New Life, p. 176. 
3. To convert into animal matter by the pro- 
cess of assimilation ; assimilate, as food. 
Something secreted in the coats of the stomach, which 
. . . animalizes the food, or assimilates it. 
J. Hunter, in Philos. Trans., LXII. 454. (JV. E. D.) 
4. To give, as to vegetable fiber, some of the 
characteristics of animal fiber, as when cot- 
ton is so treated with albumin or casein, or a 
strong solution of caustic soda, that the fiber 
shrinks, becomes stronger, and is made capa- 
ble of absorbing aniline dyes. 
Also spelled animalise. 
animally (an'i-mal-i), adv. If. Psychically; 
in the manner of tlie anima ; with respect to the 
anima bruta, or to animal spirits. Cudworth. 
2. Physically, corporeally, bodily, as opposed 
to mentally or intellectually. 
animalness (an'i-mal-nes), n. The state of 
being an animal ; animality. 
animantt (an'i-mant), a. [< L. animan(t-)s, ppr. 
of animare, animate : see animate, v.~\ Possess- 
ing or conferring the properties of life and soul ; 
quickening. Cudworth. [Bare.] 
animaryt (an'i-ma-ri), a. Of or pertaining to 
the soul ; psychical. 
'Tis brought to a right animary temper and harmony. 
Bp. Parker, Platonick Philos., p. 44. 
animastic (an-i-mas'tik), n. and a. [< ML. 
animasticus, < L. anima, soul, breath, life : see 
anima.] I.f n. The doctrine of the soul; psy- 
chology. 
The other schoolmen . . . carefully explained that these 
operations were not in their own nature proposed to the 
logician ; for, as such, they belonged to Animastic, as they 
called it, or Psychology. 
Sir W. Hamilton, Lectures on Logic, I. ii. 
II. a. Psychic; spiritual; relating to soul: 
the opposite of material or materialistic. 
animasticalt (an-i-mas'ti-kal), a. Same as 
animastic. 
animate (an'i-mat), v. ; pret. and pp. animated, 
ppr. animating. [< L. animatus, pp. of animare, 
fill with breath, quicken, encourage, animate, 
< anima, breath : see anima.] I. trans. 1. To 
give natural life to ; quicken ; make alive : as, 
the soul animates the body. 
Communicating male and female light ; 
Which twogreat sexes animate the world. 
Milton, P. L., vlii. 151. 
But it was as impossible to put life into the old institu- 
tions as to animate the skeletons which are imbedded in 
the depths of primeval strata. 
Sfacaulay, Sir James Mackintosh. 
2. To affect with an appearance of life; in- 
spire or actuate as if with life ; bring into ac- 
tion or movement. 
But none, ah, none can animate the lyre, 
And the mute strings with vocal souls inspire. 
Dryden. 
3. To move or actuate the mind of ; incite to 
mental action ; prompt. 
This view . . . animates me to create my own world 
through the purification of my soul. Emerson, Nature. 
4. To give spirit or vigor to ; infuse courage, 
joy, or other enlivening passion into ; stimulate : 
as, to animate dispirited troops. 
The perfectibility of the human mind, the animating 
theory of the eloquent De Stael, consists in the mass of 
our ideas. 7. D' Israeli, Lit. Char. Men of Genius, p. 316. 
Animated by this unlooked-for victory, our valiant he- 
roes sprang ashore in triumph, [and] took possession of 
the soil as conquerors. Irmng, Knickerbocker, p. 97. 
= Syn. 1. To vivify. 3. To revive, invigorate. 4. To en- 
liven, stimulate, inspirit, exhilarate, cheer, gladden, im- 
pel, urge on, prompt, incite. 
II. intrans. To become enlivened or exhila- 
rated; rouse one's self. [Bare.] 
Mr. Arnott, animating at this speech, glided behind her 
chair. Minn Burney, Cecilia, i. 6. 
animate (an'i-mat), a. [< L. animatus, pp.: see 
the verb.] 1. Alive; possessing animal life: 
as, "creatures animate," Milton, P. L., ix. 112. 
animation 
No animate creature is so far down in the scale that it 
does not illustrate some phase of mind which has a bear- 
ing upon the problem of higher beings. 
Pop. Sci. Mo., XXV. 267. 
His eye, voice, gesture, and whole frame animate with 
the living vigor of heart-felt religion. 
Bancroft, Hist. U. S., I. 290. 
2. Having the appearance of life ; resembling 
that which is alive ; lively. 
After marching for about two miles at a very slow rate, 
the enemy's flags, which had been visible since leaving the 
zeriba, suddenly became animate, and a large force of 
Arabs, distant some 500 to 700 yards, sprang up, and ad- 
vanced as if to attack the left leading corner of the square. 
Nineteenth Century, XIX. 155. 
3. Pertaining to living things: as, "animate 
diseases," Kirbyand Spence, Entomol. [Bare.] 
animated (an'i-ma-ted), p. a. 1. Endowed with 
animal life : as, the various classes of animated 
beings. 
"Infancy," said Coleridge, "presents body and spirit in 
unity : the body is all animated." Emerson, Domestic Life. 
2. Lively ; vigorous ; full of life, action, spirit ; 
indicating or representing animation: as, an 
animated discourse ; an animated picture. 
On the report there was an animated debate. 
Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xxiv. 
Can storied urn or animated bust 
Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath? 
Gray, Elegy. 
animatedly (an'i-ma-ted-li), adv. In an ani- 
mated way ; with animation. 
animateness (an'i-mat-nes), n. The state of 
being animate or animated. 
animater (an'i-ma-ter), n. One who animates 
or gives life. 
animatingly (an'i-ma-ting-li), adv. So as to 
animate or excite feeling. 
animation (an-i-ma'shpn), n. [< L. animatio(n-), 
a quickening, animating, < animare: see ani- 
mate, v.] The act of animating or the state of 
being animated, (o) The act of infusing animal life, 
or the state of being animated or having life. 
Wherein, although they attaine not the indubitable 
requisites of Animation, yet they have neere affinity. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., ii. 1. 
Scarce has the gray dawn streaked the sky, and the 
earliest cock crowed from the cottages of the hillside, 
when the suburbs give signs of reviving animation. 
Irving, Alhambra, p. 137. 
(b) Liveliness ; briskness ; the state of being full of spirit 
and vigor : as, he recited the story with great animation. 
Fox in conversation never flagged; his animation and 
variety were inexhaustible. A. W. Chambers. 
The veteran warrior, with nearly a century of years 
upon his head, had all the fire and animation of youth at 
the prospecta of a foray. Irving, Granada, p. 108. 
(c) The appearance of activity or life : as, the animation 
of a picture or statue, (d) Attribution of life to. 
Any general theory of life must, if logically pursued, 
lead to the animation of all forms of matter. 
L. V. Ward, Dynam. Sociol., I. 351. 
Suspended animation, a temporary cessation of ani- 
mation ; especially, asphyxia. =Syn. (a) Life, existence, vi- 
tality, (b) Animation, Life, Liveliness, Vivacity, Spirit, 
Sprighthness, Gaiety, buoyancy, cheerfulness, energy, 
ardor. The first four words indicate, by derivation, a 
full possession of the faculties of life ; therefore they are 
the opposite of deadness or of any semblance of lifeless- 
ness. The same idea appears in the next two under the 
notion of the possession of the breath of life. Animation 
applies broadly to manner, looks, and language : as, ani- 
mation of countenance ; he spoke with animation ; it im- 
plies, perhaps, more warmth of feeling than the others. 
Life is not expressive of feeling, but of full vital force and 
any form of its manifestation : as, his words were instinct 
with life ; his delivery lacked life. Liveliness is primarily 
suggestive of the energetic exercise of the powers of life in 
alertness of mind, freshness of interest, etc. Vivacity ap- 
plies especially to conversation, but is used also of manner 
and looks ; it belongs mostly to externals. Spirit is vari- 
ously compounded of courage, vigor, firmness, enthusiasm, 
and zeal, according to the connection ; it implies the best 
qualities of the manly man in action. Spriahtliness is 
vivacity with mirth or gaiety ; it is lighter than spirit. 
Gaiety is the overflow of animal spirits in talk and laugh- 
ter promoted by social intercourse, festivity, dancing, etc. 
See mirth, hilarity, gladness, happiness. 
At the very mention of such a study, the eyes of the 
prince sparkled with animation. 
Irving, Alhambra, p. 239. 
The king's a bawcock, and a heart of gold, 
A lad of life, an imp of fame. Shak., Hen. V., iv. 1. 
His [Steele's] personages are drawn with dramatic spirit, 
and with a liveliness and airy facility that blind the reader 
to his defects of style. Chambers's Cyc. Eng. Lit., I. 621. 
The delight of opening a new pursuit, or a new course 
of reading, imparts the vivacity and novelty of youth even 
to old age. 7. D' Israeli, Lit. Char. Men of Genius, p. 316. 
I will attend her here, 
And woo her with some spirit when she comes. 
Shak., T. of the S., ii. 1. 
Perhaps no kind of superiority is more flattering or al- 
luring than that which is conferred by the powers of con- 
versation, by extemporaneous sprightliness of fancy, co- 
piousness of language, and fertility of sentiment. 
Johnson, Rambler, No. 101. 
Like our Touchstone, but infinitely richer, this new 
ideal personage [Mascarille] still delights by the fertility 
of his expedients and his perpetual and vigorous gaiety. 
1. D'Iraeli, Lit. Char. Men of Genius, p. 410. 
