antependium 
I -a\v the antfji'-ii'fidiii nf the altar designed for the 
famous chapel of St. Lorenzo. XmolU-lt, Travels, xxviii. 
A young woman who would get up at five o'clock in the 
morning to embroider an anteuendiuni, ami neglect tin- 
housekeeping. M iss Braddon, Hostages to Fortune, p. 3. 
antepenult (an'te-pe-nulf), n. A shortened 
and very common form of aitti'iiniHl/iinn. 
antepenultima (an"te-pe-nul'ti-ma), n. [L., 
also speUcddiilr/in n alii ni<i(sc.syllaba, syllable), 
the syllable before the penult, < ante, before, + 
pasnultimn, penult: see ante- and penult.'] The 
last syllable but two of a word, as syl in mono- 
syllable. 
antepenultimate (an"te-pe-nul'ti-mat), . and 
H. [<antc])<'Hultiiiia + -atc 1 . Cf. ultimate.] I. 
a. 1. Immediately preceding that one of a se- 
ries which is next to the last one ; being the 
third from the last of a series : as, the ante- 
penultimate joint of a limb. 2. Pertaining to 
the last syllable but two. 
II. n. The antepenultima. 
antephialtic. (ant-ef-i-al'tik), a. and n. [< Gr. 
avri, against, + f^mArr/f, nightmare: see anti- 
and ephialtes.] I. a. Tending to prevent 
nightmare. 
II. n. That which prevents or is a remedy 
for nightmare. 
Also written anti-ephialtic. 
antepileptic (ant-ep-i-lep'tik), a. and n. [< Gr. 
avri, against, + f jrM^imKo'f. epileptic : see anti- 
and epileptic.'} I. . Alleviating or curing 
epilepsy. 
II. n. A remedy for epilepsy. 
Also written anti-epileptic. 
antepileptical (aut-ep-i-lep'ti-kal), a. Same as 
antepileptic. 
anteponet (an-te-pon'), f. t. [< L. anteponere, 
set before, (.ante, before, + ponere, set, place : 
see ante- and position.] To set before. Bailey. 
anteport (an'te-port), n. [< L. ante, before, + 
porta, agate.] 1. An outer gate or door. 2. A 
hanging before a door. 
Also written antiport. 
anteportico (an'te-p6r"ti-k6), n. [< ante- + 
portico, q. v.] An outer porch or portico. 
[Rare.] 
anteposition (au"te-po-zish'on), . [< ante- + 
position. Cf. antepone.] 1. In gram., the pla- 
cing of a word before another word which, by or- 
dinary rules, it ought to follow. 2. In bot., the 
non-alternation of the members of contiguous 
circles in a flower, the corresponding parts be- 
ing opposite to each other: otherwise called 
superposition. 
anteprandial (an-te-pran'di-al), a. [< L. ante, 
before, + prandium, a late breakfast, a meal 
taken early in the day : see ante- and prandial.] 
Relating to the time before dinner; occurring 
before dinner. 
antepredicament (an"te-pre-dik'a-ment), n. [< 
ML. antepra'dieamentum, < L. aiite, before, + 
LL. praidicamentum, category.] In logic, a doc- 
trine subservient to knowledge of the predica- 
ments. The AntepredicatnentK is a title given hy Al- 
bertus Magnus and all later logicians to the doctrine of 
the flrat part of Aristotle's book on the Categories. These 
antepredicaments are seven, viz., three definitions, two 
divisions, and two rules. The definitions are of equivo- 
cals, univpcals, and denominatives. The divisions are of 
things said into terms and propositions and the eight 
modes of inherence. The rules are the dictum de omni 
e.t nullo (see dictum), and that which affirms that the dif- 
ferences of different genera are different. The word had 
been previously applied, in the plural, as a name for Por- 
phyry's Introduction to Aristotle's Categories and the 
doctrine of the predicables therein contained, 
antepretonic (an*te-pre-ton'ik), a. [< ante- + 
pretonic.] Pertaining to or contained in the 
syllable before the pretonic syllable. 
The antepretonic open syllable may have either a heavy 
or a light vowel. Amer. Jour. Philol., V. 499. 
anteprostate (an-te-pros'tat), a. [< ante- + 
prostate.] Lying iii front of the prostate gland. 
anteprostatic (an-te-pros-tat'ik), a. Same as 
anteprostate. 
anterior (an-te'ri-or), a. [L., compar. adj., as if 
from "anteriiK, < ante, before. Cf. posterior, ex- 
terior, interior, superior, inferior.] 1. Of place : 
fore; situated more to the front: the opposite 
of posterior. 2. Of time: going before; pre- 
ceding; antecedent; prior; earlier. 
Intellect is the simple power anterior to all action or 
construction. Emerson, Essays, 1st ser., p. 295. 
3. In soiil. and zoot., nearer the head, as op- 
posed to posterior ; cephalal, as opposed to cau- 
dal ; oral, as opposed to aboral : thus, the head 
is anterior to the neck, which is itself anterior 
to the trunk and tail. 4. In human anat., situ- 
ated in front, with respect to that side of the 
body on which is the face ; ventral, as opposed 
to dorsal ; hemal, as opposed to neural : as, the 
(interior pillars of the pharynx; the nn/rrinr 
walls of the belly; the anterior pillars of the 
spinal cord. 
The two parts into which the iris divides the eye ate 
called the anterior and posterior chambers. 
Bmctter, Optics, p. 288. (X. E. D.) 
5. In bot., in axillary inflorescence, noting the 
side most distant from the axis and nearest 
the subtending leaf or bract: as, the nnti-riin- 
side of a flower: otherwise called inferior or 
lower. [In all its senses usually followed by to 
before an object.] =syn. 2. See pn-rimix. 
anteriority (an-te-ri-or'i-ti), n. [< ML. anteri- 
t-it<i(t-)s, < L. anterior: see anterior.] The 
state of being anterior, in advance, or in front ; 
the state of being before in time or situation ; 
priority. 
Our poet could not have seen the prophecy of Isaiah, 
because he lived 100 or 150 years before that prophet ; and 
this anteriority of time makes this passage the more ob- 
servable. Pope, Iliad, xix. 93, note. 
anteriorly (an-te'ri-or-li), adv. In an anterior 
manner; before, in time or place; previously, 
in time ; in front, in place. See anterior. 
The hemispheres [of the brain-cavity of a species of Co- 
rodon] contract anteriorly into the very stout pedun- 
of the olfactory lobes. Pop. Sci. Mo., XII. 124. 
anterolateral (an'te-ro-lat'e-ral), a. [< L. 
*anterus (see anterior) + lateralis, lateral: see 
lateral.] Situated or directed anteriorly and 
to the side. Huxley Anterolateral groove, a 
name sometimes applied to the line along the spinal cord 
where the anterior roots of the spinal nerves emerge. 
anteroom (an'te-ro'm), n. [< ante- + room.] A 
smaller room before a chief apartment, to which 
access is had through it ; especially, a waiting- 
room used for the temporary reception of visi- 
tors, etc. ; an antechamber. 
His ante-rooms were thronged with clients of all sorts. 
Bancroft, Hist. U. S. (1876), VI. 239. 
anteroparietal (an*te-ro-pa-ri'e-tal), a. [< L. 
*anterus (see anterior) + LL. parietalis, parie- 
tal: see parietal.] Anterior parietal: applied 
to one of the gyri of the brain. See gyrus. 
anteroposterior (an''te-ro-pos-te'ri-or), a. [< 
L. *anterus (see anterior) + posterior, behind: 
see posterior.] Relating to the direction from 
front to back or from head to tail ; cephaloeau- 
dal Anteroposterior symmetry, in zoiil., the view 
that the anterior and posterior limbs of vertebrates are 
reversed or symmetrical repetitions of each other, like 
right and left limbs, and therefore not serially homolo- 
gous, or parts of a series facing all in one direction, 
but antitypical homologues or antitypes ; antitropy as op- 
posed to syntropy, in viewing intermembral homologies. 
See intermtmbral. 
antesolarium (an*te-so-la'ri-um), n.; pi. ante- 
solaria (-a). [ML., < L. ante, before, + solari- 
um: see solarium.] A portico, veranda, or 
other projecting structure in front of the solars 
or apartments of a medieval dwelling-house. 
Audrey. 
antestaturet (au'te-stat-ur), . [< F. antesta- 
<>T=Sp. antestatura, < L. ante, before, + sta- 
tura, a standing: see stature.] In fort., a small 
intrenchment or work formed hastily of pali- 
sades or sacks of earth, for the defense of a post, 
or of works part of which have been captured. 
antesternum (an'te-ster-num), n. ; pi. ante- 
sterna (-na). [NL.,'< L. ante, before, + NL. 
sternum : see sternum.] In entom., the center 
of the antepectus ; the fore part of the middle 
of the breastplate of insects. 
antestomach (an'te-stum-ak), . [< ante- + 
stomach.] In birds, some distensible portion 
of the gullet (not a proper crop) in which food 
is first lodged. 
In birds there is no mastication or comminution of the 
meat in the mouth, but it is immediately swallowed into 
a kind of antestomach, which I have observed in piscivorous 
birds. Ray- 
ante-SUppert (an'tf-sup-er), n. [< ante- + sup- 
per.] A course displayed but not partaken of, 
in anticipation of supper. N. E. I). 
antetemple (an'te-tem-pl), n. [< ante- + tem- 
ple.] The porch or vestibule before the temple 
at Jerusalem. The term has been used to designate 
the narthex or vestibule of early Christian churches, and 
it has been applied to the nave of a church regarded as 
placed before the chancel or sanctuary and outside of its 
pale. Its use as designating the pronaos of a classical tem- 
ple is not to be commended. 
antetype (an'te-tip), n. [As if ante- + type; but 
prop, antitype, q. v.] A prototype; a primitive 
or early type whence some later form has been 
derived. See antitype. 
The antetupes in carboniferous times of the modern king- 
crab. Stand. Nat. Hist., II. 87. 
antevenient (an-te-ve'nient), a. [< L. ante- 
renien(t-)s, ppr. of antecenire, come before, < 
anthemion 
untc, before, + re n ire = Gr. paiveiv = E. conn . \ 
Preceding; coming before. Lainh. 
anteversion (an-te-ver'shon), n. [<L. antever- 
sio(n-), a putting before, < "antevertere, pp. ante- 
rersus: see antecert.] A turning forward; spe- 
cifically, inpathol., a displacement of the uterus 
in which the f undus, or broad upper portion, is 
turned toward the pubes, while the cervix or 
neck is tilted up toward the sacrum : opposed 
to retrorersion. 
antevert (an-te-vert'), v. t. [< L. antei-ertere, 
precede, anticipate, place before, < ante, before, 
+ vertere, turn: see verse.] If. To prevent; 
avert. 
To antevert some great danger to the public, . . . we 
may and must disclose our knowledge of a close wicked- 
ness. Bp. Hall, Cases of Conscience (1654), p. 421. 
2. To tip or turn forward ; displace in a forward 
direction, as the uterus. 
anteverted (an-te-ver'ted), p. a. Tipped for- 
ward; exhibiting aiiteversion : said of the 
uterus. 
anth-. [< Gr. dvd-, assimilated form of avr- for 
avri- before the aspirate.] The form of the 
prefix ant- before the aspirate h in words taken 
from or formed according to the Greek. In 
words formed in English anti- usually remains 
unchanged before the aspirate, as in antihyp- 
notic, antihysteric, etc. 
anthela (an-the'la), . ; pi. anthelte (-le). [NL., 
< Gr. dvOr/Ar/, the downy plume of the reed (L. 
panicula), < avOelv, bloom: see anther.] In bot., 
a form of cymose inflorescence, either unilateral 
and sickle-shaped or bilateral and fan-shaped, 
the lateral axes overtopping the central, as in 
Juncus tenuis. 
anthelia, n. Plural of anthelioti. 
anthelices, n. Plural of anthclijc. 
anthelicine (ant-hel'- or an-thel'i-sin), a. [< 
anthelif (-ie-) + -(Me 1 .] Of or pertaining to the 
antihelix of the ear: as, the antlielicine fossa. 
anthelion (ant-he'- or an-the'li-on), n. ; pi. ant- 
helia (-a). [NL., < Gr. avdf/Ztov," neut. of dvdr/- 
?.<of (with dvr- changed to avd- before the rough 
breathing), later form of avrjj'/.iof, opposite to 
the sun, < OIT- for avri, opposite to, + )??.(0f, 
the sun: see helio-. Cf. aphelion and perihe- 
lion.] A solar phenomenon consisting of one 
or more faint luminous rings around the shadow 
of the head of an observer when projected at 
no great distance by the sun when it is near 
the horizon on a cloud, fog-bank, grass covered 
with dew, or other moist surface. It is some- 
times observed in alpine and polar regions, and 
is due to diffraction of light. 
anthelix (ant'he- or an'the-liks), n.; pi. anthel- 
ices (ant-hel'- or an-thel'i-sez). [< Gr. ov^/Uf, 
the inner curvature of the ear, < dvO-, avr- for 
avri, opposite to, + f A<f, helix : see helix.] Same 
as antihelix. 
anthelminthic (an-thel-min'thik), a. and . 
Same as anthelntintic. 
anthelmintic (an-thel-min'tik), a. and n. [< 
NL. anthelminticum, < Gr. avS-, avr- for avri, 
against, + eh/uvc. (t%/uv6-), a worm, esp. a tape- 
worm, a maw-worm; of uncertain origin.] I. 
a. In med., destroying or expelling intestinal 
worms. 
II. n. A vermifuge ; a drug used for destroy- 
ing and expelling intestinal worms. 
anthem (an'them), n. [Early mod. E. also an- 
thym; occasionally spelled anthymne (simulat- 
ing hymn), also antheme, antemne; < ME. an- 
tem, antim, antym, anteme, antempne, antephne, 
dntefne, < AS. antefen, < ML. antifona, anti- 
phona, an anthem, an antiphon : see anti- 
jilion.] Originally, a hymn sung in alternate 
parts ; in modern usage, a piece of sacred music 
set to words usually taken from the Psalms or 
other parts of the Scriptures ; a developed mo- 
tet. There are four kinds : () a ntltems for a double choir, 
Ill WHICH tile UI1O1 US UCCU^IICS me |HUI1HMM pm^c, mill lll- 
verses (usually set to music in four parts and sung by a 
part of the choir) are subordinate; (c) verse anthems, in 
which solos, duets, and trios are the prominent features, 
the chorus being subordinate ; and (d) solo anthems, in 
which a single voice is the prominent feature. The an- 
them may or may not have an accompaniment for the or- 
gan, or for any number of instruments. It has reached its 
highest development in England. 
anthem (an'them), i: t. [< anthem, n.] To cele- 
brate or salute with an anthem or song. [Used 
only in poetry.] 
Sweet birds antheming the morn. 
K,;<t*. Fane). 
anthemion (an-the'mi-on), H. ; pi. anthemia (-a). 
[< Gr. avKfuov, a flower, a flower ornament, < 
dvft>f, flower: see anther.] In art and archceol.; 
