anthotaxis 
see tactic.] In bot., the arrangement of flowers 
on the axis of growth: same as inflorescence. 
anthotaxy (an'tho-tak-si), n. Same as aiitho- 
taxis. 
anthoxanthin, anthoxanthine (an-tho-zan'- 
thin), . [< Gr. avthc, a flower, + favtiuf, yellow 
(see jcaiitliin), + -i 2 .] The yellow or orange 
coloring matter of yellow flowers and fruit, a 
modification of chlorophyl. 
Anthozoa (an-tho-zo'a), re. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
nvDuf, a flower, + 'Cmv, 1>1. Cv, an animal: see 
:oon.] The flower-animals, or animal-flowers ; 
a former class or large group of zoophytes, in- 
exactly equivalent to the modern class Aeti- 
no:oa (which see). By some, who have included the 
/'.*?//,'< nuclei- zoophytes, Anthtaua has lieen made the 
other and prime division of zoophytes, and has been di- 
vided into //i/"V"'"V. Axti'i-<:i't'i. and f/i'lia)iflt<tiila. The 
.lutlwaia have also been divided into Actiniirfir, Zoan- 
thid(e, Xenitilce, Alcyoninlir, l'>'iui<ttnli<l<r, Titbiporidte, 
Caryophyllidw, and Qorffonttdee. 
anthozban (an-tho-zo'an), . and n. [< Antho- 
zoa + -an.] I. a. Pertaining to or having the 
characters of the Anthozoa; anthozoic. 
II. . One of the Anthozoa; an anthozoon. 
anthozoic (an-tho-zo'ik), a. [<.Anthozoa + -ic.J 
Of or pertaining to the Anthozoa; zoophytic. 
anthozodid (an-tho-zo'oid), n. [< Anthozoa + 
-aid. Cf. zooid.] An individual polyp of a 
polypidom ; an actinozoon of the compound Ac- 
tinozoa, formed by budding in a zoanthodeme ; 

Anthozoijkls. 
End of a branch of red coral of commerce, Corallium rubrum, 
with three anthozooids, A, B. C, in different degrees of expansion : 
&, mouth ; a, that part of the ccenosarc which rises into a cup around 
the base of each anthozoaid. 
one of the individual zooids borne upon the 
coenosarc of the compound Zoantharia. Thus, in 
a piece of coral each of the numerous little animals which 
build up the coral mass is an anthozooid. 
anthozoon (an-tho-zo'on), n. ; pi. antliozoa (-a). 
[NL., sing, of Antliozoa.'] One of the Anthozoa. 
anthracene (an'thra-sen), . [< anthrax (an- 
thrac-), coal, + -ene.] A hydrocarbon (Ci4H 10 ) 
found in coal-tar, and extracted from the last 
portion of the distillate from this substance 
by chilling and pressure. It is purifled by redis- 
tillation, and forms white crystalline lamina; which melt 
at 415 F. It is of great commercial value, being the base 
from which artificial alizarin is prepared. See alizarin. 
Also written anthracin. 
anthraceniferous (an"thra-se-nif 'e-rus), a. 
[< anthracene + -i-ferous.] Containing or yield- 
ing anthracene. 
By whatever means the crude anthraceniferouft mass 
has been obtained, it must be submitted to a process of 
purification. Ure, Diet., IV. 72. 
anthraces, re. Plural of anthrax. 
anthracic (an-thras'ik), a. [< anthrax (anilirac-) 
+ -tc.] Of or pertaining to the disease anthrax. 
Anthracidae (an-thras'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < An- 
thrax (An th rac-) + -idee. ] A family of dipterous 
insects, of the old group Tanystomata, contain- 
ing the genera Anthrax, Lomatia. Botnbylius, 
etc. : now called Bombyliidte (which see). 
anthraciferous (an-thra-sif'e-rus), a. [< Gr. 
avOpal; (avtipaK-) for anthracite, q. v., + L. ferre 
= E. bear 1 .'] Yielding anthracite : applied to 
geological strata. 
anthracin (an'thra-sin), n. [< anthrax (an- 
thrac-) + -in' 2 .] Same as anthracene. 
anthracite (an'thra-sit), n. and a. [< Gr. av- 
ffpaKiTTjf, a kind of precious stone, fern. av6paiaTis, 
a kind of coal; prop, adj., coal-like ; < av6pa% 
(avdpaK-), a (burning) coal, charcoal, stone-coal : 
see anthrax.] I. re. A variety of mineral coal 
(see coal) containing but little hydrogen, and 
therefore burning almost without flame, it is 
nearly pure carbon, containing usually over 90 and some- 
times as much as 9f> per cent, of that substance. It is 
hard (hence often called hard coal in distinction from ao/f 
or bituminous coal), breaks with a conchoidal fracture, 
and has a deep-black color and brilliant luster. It occurs 
in large quantity in eastern Pennsylvania, where it is ex- 
tensively mined, and is almost the exclusive fuel used in 
the large cities and manufactories of New York and New 
England. It also occurs in the South Wales coal-fields 
in large quantities, and in many other localities, but is 
239 
nowhere of so much practical importance as in the eastern 
I niti'd Slat,'.. 
II. a. Coal-black: as, the; fiiitlirticilr hawk, 
I rii/n/iiii/ii iinllirachiii. 
anthracitic (an-thra-sit'ik), a. [< anthracite 
+ -/c.] Pertaining to, having the nature of, or 
resembling anthracite. 
In the neighborhood of these [igneous] rocks the coal 
has been altered into an antlirac-ftic material. 
Huxley, Physiography, xiv. 
anthracitous (an'thra-si-tus), a. [< anthracite 
+ -oiis.] Containing or characterized by an- 
thracite. A'. K. It. 
anthracnose (an-thrak'nos), . [F., prop. *an- 
tliraconosc, < Gr. ai'flpaf, a carbuncle (see an- 
thrax), + vuaof, disease.] A disease of grape- 
vines which affects the leaves, the young stems, 
and the green berries, and is caused by a fun- 
gus, Sphaceloma aiitjtc/iiiiim. 
anthracoid (an'thra-koid), a. [< Gr. avdpa$ 
(avftpaK-) (see anthrnx) + Soc, form.] 1. Re- 
sembling or of the. nature of anthrax. 2. Re- 
sembling the precious stone carbuncle. 
anthracokali (an"thra-ko-ka'li), n. [NL.,< Gr. 
avOpat; (avQpaK-), coal, -f- NL. cali, kali : see 
kali, alkali.] A pharmaceutical preparation 
made by adding porphyrized anthracite to a 
boiling solution of caustic potash. Sulphur is 
sometimes added with the coal. It is used both internally 
and externally in cases of scrofula, rheumatism, and cer- 
tain herpetic affections. 
anthracolite (an-thrak'o-lit), n. [< Gr. avffpai; 
(av8pa.K-), coal, + /U'0of, stone. Cf. anthracite.] 
Same as anthraconitc. 
anthracomancy (an'thra-ko-man'si), re. [< Gr. 
avOpa!; (avtipaK-), a coal, + '[Mvreia, divination.] 
Divination by means of burning coals. 
anthracqmeter (an-thra-kom'e-ter), n. [< Gr. 
avdpaj (avdpaK-), charcoal (carbon), + fterpav, 
measure.] An instrument for ascertaining the 
quantity of carbonic acid present in any gaseous 
mixture. 
anthracometric (an"thra-ko-met'rik), a. Of or 
pertaining to an anthracometer, or to its use. 
anthraconite (an-thrak'o-nit), n. [< Gr. av- 
(tpaKwv, a heap of charcoal, hot embers (< ovflpof, 
charcoal), + -ite 2 .] The name given to varie- 
ties of calcareous spar (calcite), darkly colored 
by the presence of carbonaceous matter. 
Anthracosaurus (an"thra-ko-sa'rus), n. [NL., 
< Gr. avBpa,!; (avdpaK-), coal, + aavpof, a lizard: 
see saurian.'] A genus of extinct amphibians, 
of the order Labyrinthodonta, discovered in the 
Carboniferous strata of Scotland. The head 
measured 18 inches in length. Huxley, 1863. 
anthracosis (an-thra-ko'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. av- 
8pa% (avdpaK-), KO&l, + -osis.] A pulmonary affec- 
tion produced by the inhalation of coal-dust, 
as by colliers. The particles, taken into the tissues of 
the lungs, are apt to produce more or less inflammation 
in the form of bronchitis or diffuse pneumonitis. 
anthracothere (au'thra-ko-ther), n. An ani- 
mal of the genus Anthracotherium and family 
Anthracotheriidai. 
anthracotheriid (an"thra-ko-the'ri-id), n. A 
hoofed mammal of the family AntJiracotheriida 1 . 
Anthracotheriidse (an"thra-ko-the-ri'i-de), re. 
pi. [NL., < Anthracotherium -f- -ida:.~\ A fam- 
ily of fossil omnivorous artiodactyl mammals, 
related to the existent pigs and peccaries. It 
contains two subfamilies, Hyopotaminai and 
Anthracotheriina; (which see). 
Anthracotheriinae (an'thra-ko-the-ri-i'ne), . 
pi. [NL.,< Anthracotherium + -ina>.] The typi- 
cal subfamily of the Anthracotheriida;. It differs 
from the other subfamily llyopotamince in having the four 
upper premolars all differentiated from the true molars, 
and each with a conical crown and a small inner lobe. It 
contains the genera Anthracotherium (Cuvier) and Elo- 
therium (Pomel), and perhaps others. 
Anthr acotherioidea (an" thra - ko - the - ri - oi '- 
de-a), re. /;/. [NL.,< Anthracotherium + -oidea."] 
A' superfamily group founded by Gill, 1872, f or 
the reception of the family Anthracotheriida!. 
Anthracotherium (an'thra-ko-the'ri-um), n. 
[NL., < Gr. av(>af (avSpoK-), coal', + (typiov, a wild 
beast, < tH/p, a wild beast.] The typical genus 
of the Anthracotheriina; and Anthracotheriidic 
(which see) : so called from having been found 
in the Miocene anthracite or lignite of Tuscany. 
The extinct . . . Anthracotherium . . . had the typical 
dental formula [of artiodaetyls], and this is preserved in 
the existing representative of the non-ruminant artiodar- 
tyles, the hog. Owen, Comp. Anat., III. 343. 
anthraquinone (an'^hra-kwi-non'), . [X an- 
thra(cetie) + qmnone.] A product (Ci4HgOq) 
obtained from anthracene by the action of oxi- 
dizing agents. From it alizarin is prepared. 
anthrax (an'thraks), re. ; pi. anthraces (an'thra- 
sez). [< L. anthrax, a virulent ulcer, carbuii- 
anthropogenic 
cle, also cinnabar, < Gr. avtipa$, a (burning) coal, 
a precious stone, a virulent ulcer ; origin uncer- 
tain.] 1. In putliiil., a carbuncle of any sort. 
Sec phrases below. 2. [cap.] [NL.] A gonus 
of dipterous insects, giving name to a family 
Anlliracitlii' (which see): now placed in liinnlii/- 
liiilif. 3. Lithanthrax, or pit- or stone-coal. 
Malignant anthrax, a destructive infectious disease of 
brutes, and sometimes of man, which is assnriatril with and 
si-mis tn <li 'print upon the presence in the blood and tissues 
of a minute organism, Raeillutanthracix. Also called xplc- 
nic l','i-<'f, ftni>n/ifi/f<n-/''>'>'i; carbuncle, i/iilf^/n"iif iixhil,f, 
i0ooc-4ortav'<ftMaML liurfxni, milzbraiut. Symptomatic 
anthrax, an infectious and usually fatal disease, not un- 
common in cat tlr. It is characterized by hemorrhage into 
the subriitanrons and intermuscular arcolar tissues of the 
limbs, and exhibits a 
bacillus distinct from 
the Bacilhu* anthraci*. 
Also called quartcr- 
evil, quarter-ill, black- 
leg, black quarter, black 
spaul, blvody murrain, 
raiixcftbraml. 
Anthrenus (an- 
thre'nus),. [NL., 
< Gr. avBpfjvn, a 
hornet, wasp; of. 
Beetle and pupTmagnified. avMov, ^Ornet, 
a hornet, orig. any buzzing insect; cf. drone. 
See Andrenida;.'] A notable genus of beetles, 
of the family J)ermestidw, certain species of 
which are well known as museum pests. Such 
are A. varius (Fabricins) and A. inuxceoritiii, small gray 
species spotted with brown, which do great injury to col- 
lections of natural history. A. scrophularite, a larger spe- 
cies, black, red, and white, is known as the carpet-beetle 
and buffalo-bug, and is very destructive to carpets and 
other woolen fabrics. See cut under carpet-beetle. 
anthribid (an'thri-bid), n. A beetle of the 
family Anthribidce. 
Anthribidas (an-thrib'i-de), re. pi. [NL., < An- 
thribus + -ida;.] A family of rhynchophorous 
Coleo'ptera, typified by the genus Anthribus. 
These snout-beetles have a strong fold on the inner face 
of each elytron, the pygidium in both sexes undivided and 
normal, the last spiracle uncovered, the tibia! not serrate, 
and the straight antenna; with 10 or 11 joints. 
Anthribus (an'thri-bus), re. [NL. (Geoffroy, 
1764 ) , also A n th ribidus and An thotri bidus, appar. 
< Gr. avSof, a flower ; the second element is not 
clear.] A genus of rhynchophorous beetles, 
giving name to the family Anthribidce. 
anthropic (an-throp'ik), a. [< Gr. av6puTriK6f, 
of man, human, < avfipuiroi;, a man, a human be- 
ing ; perhaps for *av8ptmos, lit. having a human 
face or appearance, < avijp (avip-), a man, -I- in\> 
(<j;r-), face, countenance, eye: see andro- and 
optic."] Belonging to man; manlike; sprung 
from man ; human. 
If we leave the region of formulas and go back to the 
practical effect of religion on human conduct, we must 
be driven to the conclusion that the future of religion is 
to be, not only what every real religion has ever been, 
anthropomorphic, but frankly anthropic. 
Pop. Sci. Mo., XXV. 451. 
anthropical (an-throp'i-kal), a. Same as an- 
thropic. 
Anthropida (an-throp'i-da), n.pl. [NL.] Same 
as Anthropoidea. 
Anthropidse (an-throp'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
dvSpuTTOf, a man, a human being, + -idte.'\ The 
human race, zoologically rated as a family of 
the superfamily Anthropoidea; the Hominida: 
(which see). The family contains the single 
genus and species man (Homo sapiens). 
anthropo-. [< Gr. avOpanoc, a man, a human be- 
ing: see anthropic.] The first element of many 
compound words of Greek origin, meaning man. 
anthrop^obiology (an"thro-p6-bi-oro-ji), n. 
[< Gr. avdpuTToc, man, + biology.'] Anthropol- 
ogy; the biology of man; the life-history of 
man, in a broad sense. 
To this extensive study, the old anthropology, . . . we 
may apply the term Anthropo-biolo^j, or the biology of 
man. Smithsontan Rep., 1881, p. 499. 
anthropocentric (an'^hro-po-sen'trik), a. [< 
Gr. avopuTroc, man, + Kevrpov, center, + -tc.] 
Regarding man as the central fact of creation ; 
assuming man to be the final aim and end of 
creation. 
anthropogenesis (an"thro-po-jen'e-sis), n. 
[NL., ' Gr. dvSpurrof, man, + yiveaic,, genera- 
tion.] The genesis, origination, or evolution of 
man : applied both to the development of the 
individual (ontogenesis) and the development 
of the race (phylogenesis). Also called anthro- 
poqony, anthropogeny. 
anthropogenetic (an"thro-po-je-net'ik), a. [< 
Onfbropogenesis.] Of or pertaining to anthro- 
pogenesis. 
anthropogenic (an'thro-po-jen'ik), a. [< an- 
thropogeny. ] Of or pertaining to anthropogeny. 
