Anurida 
Anurida (a-nu'ri-da), . [NL., appar. < Or. rir- 
priv. +ovp<i, tail, +'-irf.] A genus of C'ol/i m 
bola, typiealof the family .luiiriiliiln: A. muri- 
tinin is a species found under stones on the sea- 
coast. 
Anurididae (an-u-rid'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < .(- 
riiln + -iV?.] A family of apterous ametabo- 
lous collembolous insects, typified by the genus 
.tmirifln, related to Poilurida- and often merged 
in that family. 
Anurosorex (an"u-ro-s6'reks), w. [NL., < HIIU- 
riiK, tailless, + L. 'sorex, shrew: see anurunx and 
Sortf.] A genus of terrestrial shrews, of the 
family Soricidie, with 26 white teeth, very small 
ears, and rudimentary tail. It contains a mole- 
like species from Tibet, A. squamipes. 
anurOUS (a-nu'rus), a. [< NL. nun run, Itiilless, 
< Gr. av- priv. + oiipd, a tail.] Pertaining to or 
having the characters of the Anura. Alsowrit- 
ten anourous. 
anury (an'u-ri), n. Same as ainirin. 
anus (a'nus), . [L., prob. orig. the same as 
dnitu, (iiiniin, a ring : see annittus.] The termina- 
tion of the digestive tube or alimentary canal ; 
the end of the enteron of any animal ; the ori- 
fice through which the refuse of digestion is 
voided. The anus is usually on a part of the body away 
from the mouth, but it is sometimes coincident with the 
latter. It is usually a circular orifice, provided with a 
sphincterial arrangement by which it may be shut ; but it 
is sometimes a cleft or chink, the direction of the axis of 
which distinguishes zoological groups : thus, it is longi- 
tudinal in turtles, and transverse in lizards and snakes. 
In many vertebrates and other animals the anus serves 
for the discharge of the excretion of the kidneys and of 
the products of the generative organs, as well as of the 
refuse of digestion. See mml. 
-anus. [L., a common adj. suffix, whence E. 
-mi : see -an.] A suffix of Latin adjectives and 
nouns thence derived : common in New Latin 
names, especially specific names. 
anvil (an'vil), . [Early mod. E. anvil, anvlll, 
anvile, anvitd, andvile, anvelde, anfeeld, andfelde, 
etc., < ME. andvell, anvylde, anveld, anvylt, an- 
velt, anfeld, anfelt, anefeld, anefelt, etc., (. AS. 
anfilt, anfilte, onfilte, earliest form onfilti, = OD. 
(dial.) aenvilte = OHG. anafalz, these, the ap- 
par. orig. forms, appearing with variations in 
OD. aenbilt, ambilt (OFlem. also aenbilckt), aen- 
belt, aenbeld, aenbeeld, aembeld, mod. D. aaii- 
beeld, aambeld = Flem. aenbeeld, aembeeld (ap- 
par. simulating D. Flem. beelden, form) = LG. 
anebelte, anebolte, ambult, ambolt (> Dan. am- 
bolt) = OHG. anabolz (appar. simulating the 
synonymous OHG. anaboz, MHG. aneboz, G. am- 
boss, an anvil, a different word, < OHG. ana-, 
G. an- (= AS. an-, on-, E. on), + bozan = AS. 
bedtan, E. beat), an anvil; perhaps < AS. an-, 
on-, E. on, + -jilt, -Jilte, -filti, reduced from an 
orig. type *-faldithi, with formative *-tJti, -tit, < 
"faldan, fealdan, = Goth, falthan = OHG. fal- 
dan, faltan, MHG. G. falten, fold (with a secon- 
dary form in OHG. falzen, MHG. G. fallen, fold, 
groove, join; cf. G. falz-antboss, a copper- 
smith's anvil); being thus lit. that on which 
metals are 'folded,' bent, or welded under the 
hammer : see an- 1 , on- 1 , and fold 1 . A similar 
reduction of form occurs in AS. fylt, < feal- 
deth, foldeth, hylt, hielt, hilt, < healdeth, holdeth, 
and also in AS. felt, E. felt 1 , and AS. hilt, E. 
hilt, if, as is supposed, they are derived respec- 
tively from fealdan, fold, and healdan, hold ; so 
AS. gesynto, < * gasunditha, health, inwit = Goth. 
inwmditha, wickedness.] 1. An iron block 
with a smooth face, usually of steel, on which 
metals are hammered and shaped. The black- 
smith's anvil commonly has a conical or pointed horizontal 
projection called a beak or horn, for working curved or 
annular pieces, and holes for the insertion of different 
sizes and shapes of cutters, swages, etc. The gold-beater's 
anvil is for the first hammering a simple block of steel, and 
for the second a block of marble. Anvils for steam-ham- 
mers are called anoil-blocks, and are of iron faced with 
steel, and supported on wooden piling. 
2. Figuratively, anything on which blows are 
struck. 
The anvil of my swonl. Shak., Cor., iv. 5. 
3. In anat., one of the small bones of the ear, 
the incus (which see). See cuts under ear 1 and 
tympanic. 4. In firearms, the resisting cone, 
plate, or bar against which the fulminate in a 
metallic cartridge is exploded. If'ilhelni, Mil. 
Diet. 5. Milit., a small pennon on the end of a 
lance. Farrow, Mil. Encyc To be on the anvil, 
to be in a state of discussion, formation, or preparation, 
as when a scheme or measure is forming, but not matured. 
Several members, . . . knowing what '<? on th? n aril, 
went to the clergy and desired their judgment. Su'ift. 
anvil (an'vil), v. t.; pret. and pp. anri/i-d or aii- 
rillt-d, ppr. aiirilinf/ or tinrillina. [< inn-il, .] 
To form or shape on an anvil. [Rare.] 
253 
Armor, anvifCtl in the shop 
of passive fortitude. 
Fli-trltfi-(itiifl M:i~.iingerf), Lover's Progress, iv. 
anvil-block (au'vil-blok), . [= D. 
lilok = Flfin. <ifilH-rhll>li>k.~\ The metal block 
or anvil upon which ;i strain-hammer falls. 
anvil-cupper (au'vil-kup"er), n. A machine for 
making the inner cup or case of a cartridge, 
which contains the fulminate. 
anvil-dTOSS (an'vil-dros), H. Protoxid of iron. 
anvil-vise (an'vil- vis), n. A compound tool 
consisting of a vise of which one jaw forms an 
anvil. 
anxietude (ang-zl'e-tud), n. [< LL. tti/,riftitii<>. 
equiv. to the usual itnxietas : see anxiety.] Anx- 
ictv. [Hare.] 
anxiety (ang-zi'e-ti), n. ; pi. anxieties (-tiz). [< 
l'\ <iHfi<'lti (Cotgrave), < L. anjcivtu(t-)s, < ansiitx, 
anxious: see anxious.] 1. The apprehension 
caused by danger, misfortune, or error ; concern 
or solicitude respecting some event, future or 
uncertain ; disturbance, uneasiness of mind, or 
care, occasioned by trouble. 
To be happy is not only to be freed from the pains and 
diseases of the body, but from anxiety and vexation of 
spirit. 
2. In jiathol., a state of restlessness and agita- 
tion, with general indisposition, and a distress- 
ing sense of oppression at the epigastrium. = Syn. 
1. Care, Concern, Solicitude, etc. (see care), foreboding, 
uneasiness, disquiet, inquietude, restlessness, apprehen- 
sion, fear, misgiving, worry. 
anxious (angk'shus), . [< L. anxitts, anxious, 
solicitous, distressed, troubled, < angere, dis- 
tress, trouble, choke : see anguish, angor, and - 
MT 1 .] 1. Full of anxiety or solicitude ; greatly 
troubled or solicitous, especially about some- 
thing future or unknown ; being in painful sus- 
pense : applied to persons. 
Eternal troubles haunt thy anxious mind, 
Whose cause and cure thou never hop'st to find. 
Dryden, tr. of Lucian, iii. 268. 
Anxioun and trembling for the birth of Fate. 
l'l>r, R. of the L.,ii. 142. 
2. Attended with, proceeding from, or mani- 
festing solicitude or uneasiness: applied to 
things : as, anxious forebodings ; anxious labor. 
His pensive cheek upon his hand reclin'd, 
And anxious thoughts revolving in his mind. 
D-ryden. 
A small, neat volume of only eighty-seven pages, . . . 
with a modest and somewhat anxious dedication. 
Ticknor, Span. Lit., III. X>. 
3. Earnestly desirous or solicitous : as, anxious 
to please; am0*todoright. Anxious is followed 
by for or about before the object of solicitude. The for- 
mer is generally used when the thing is something desired 
to happen or be done ; the latter of a person, creature, or 
situation: as, anxious for his release; anxious about his 
health or about him. =Syn. 1. Careful, uneasy, unquiet, 
restless, troubled, disturbed, apprehensive. 
anxiously (angk'shus-li), adv. In an anxious 
manner ; solicitously; with painful uncertainty; 
carefully ; with solicitude. 
anxiousness (angk'shus-nes), n. [< anxious + 
-nets.] The state or quality of being anxious ; 
great solicitude ; anxiety. 
She returns [to her cards] with no little anxi/ou&ne*8. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 79. 
any (en'i), . andjjrott. [The pron. is that of the 
early mod. E. eny ; < ME. any, anie, ani, eny, 
enie, eni (also contr. ei, eic, art, atie), < AS. ainig, 
modified form of *anig (which reappears in 
ME. ony, E. dial, and So. any, = OS. enig, 
enag = OFries. enig, enich, ienig, eiig, ang, any, 
= D. cenig, any, only, sole, = OHG. einag, MHG. 
einec, eineg, G. einig, one, only, sole), < an, one, 
+ -ig, E. -j/ 1 : see one and -y 1 . Any is thus an 
adj. deriv. of one, or rather of its weakened 
form an, a, in an indeterminate unitary or, 
in plural, partitive use. The emphatic sense 
'only' coexists in D. with the indeterminate, 
and is the only sense in G.] I. a. In the sin- 
gular, one, a or an, some ; in the plural, some : 
indeterminately distributed, implying unlim- 
ited choice as to the particular unit, number, 
or quantity, and hence subordinately as to qual- 
ity, whichever, of whatever quantity or kind ; 
an indeterminate unit or number of units out 
of many or all. The indeterminate sense grows out of 
its use in interrogative and conditional sentences : as, has 
he anil friend to speak for him? is there atiif proof of 
thiitv 'if you have any witnesses, produce them. 
Who will shew us an;/ good? Ps. iv. 6. 
If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of 
i';rs;trX to him I say, that Brutus' love to Cassar was no 
less than his. Shak., 3. C., iii. 2. 
\ In affirmative st-ntences, anif, being indeterminate in ap- 
plication, in effect has reference to every unit nf tin- surt 
im-ntioiieil. ;ind thus may be nearly equivalent to > , // 
anything 
:!<. "in/ schoolbnj would know that ; antf attempt to evade 
the law will be resisted: so in anybody, any one, anything, 
etc. 
It suffices me to say, in general, . . . that men here, as 
elsewhere, lire indis[ioseii to innovation, and prefer ant/ 
antiquity. "// usaj;r. nun livery productive of ease or 
prolit, to the unproductive service i,f thought. 
A'm-'/vm, Literary Ethics. 
When unit is preceded by a negative, expressed or implied, 
the two are together equivalent to an emphatic negative, 
none- at all,' 'not even one': as, there has never been any 
doubt about that. 
Neither knowcth any man the Father, save the Son. 
Mat. xi. 27. 
It cannot in tnm sense lie called a form of solar energy. 
Dawmn, Nat. and the Bible, p. 130.) 
II. pron. [By omission of the noun, which is 
usually expressed in an adjacent clause, or is 
implied in the context.] In the singular, one, 
some; in the plural, some: indeterminately 
distributed in the same uses as the adjective, 
and used absolutely or followed by of in parti- 
tive construction : with reference to persons, 
any one, anybody; in the plural, any per- 
sons. 
Who is here so rude, that would not be a Roman? If 
any, speak ; for him have I offended. Shalf., J. C., iii. 2. 
I have not seen you lately at any of the places I visit. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 348. 
I In this sense it might formerly have a possessive. 
Yet the brave Courtier . . . 
Doth loath such base condition, to backbite 
Anieg good name for envie or despite. 
.S>'?wer, Mother Hub. Tale.l 
any (en'i), adv. [< ME. any, eny, ony; prop, the 
instr. case of the adj. ] In any degree ; to any 
extent ; at all : especially used with compara- 
tives, as any better, any worse, any more, any 
less, any sooner, any later, any longer, etc. 
A patrician could not be tribune at Rome, anif more 
than a peer can be chancellor of the Exchequer in England. 
E. A. freeman, Amer. Lects., p. 301. 
Also, in negative and interrogative sentences, used abso- 
lutely: as, it didn't rain any here; did it hurt him any? 
[CoIloq.J 
anybody (en'i-bod'i), pron. [< any + body, 
person.] 1 . Any person ; any one : as, has any- 
body been here? I have not seen anybody; any- 
body can do that. 2. Any one in general; a 
person of any sort; an ordinary person, as 
opposed in slight contempt to a somebody : in 
this use with a plural: as, two or three any- 
bodies. 3. Any one in particular; a person of 
some consequence or importance, as opposed 
to a nobody: in direct or indirect interroga- 
tions: as, is he anybody? everybody who is 
anybody was present. 
anyhow (en'i-hou), adv. [< any, adv., + how, in 
indef. sense. Cf. somehow, nohow.~\ 1. In any 
way or manner whatever ; howsoever. 
They form an endless throng of laws, connecting every 
one substance in creation with every other, and different 
from each pair anyhow taken. Wheicelt. 
2. [Continuatively, as a conj."] In any case ; at 
any rate ; at all events ; however that may be ; 
however: as, anyhow, he failed to appear; any- 
how, I don't believe it can be done. 
anything (en'i-thing), pron. [< ME. anything, 
enything, anything, usually written apart, any 
thing, eny thing, < AS. cenig thing: see any and 
thing. In mod. use still written apart when the 
stress is on thing.~\ A thing, indefinitely ; some- 
thing or other, no matter what: opposed to 
nothing : as, have you anything to eat ? I do not 
see anything; give me anything. 
It is the proper thing to say any thing, when men have all 
things in their power. Dryden, Ded. of the Medal. 
(From its indeterminate signification, anything is often 
used colloquially in comparisons, as emphatically com- 
prehensive of whatever simile may suggest itself or be 
appropriate, especially in the comparative phrases att... 
as anything, like anything, equivalent to 'exceedingly,' 
'greatly.' 
O my dear father and mother, I fear your girl will grow 
as proud a anything. moAordElOfi, Pamela, II. 57. 
His bosom throbb'd with agony, he cried like anything. 
Barham, lugoldsby Legends, II. 135.] 
anything (en'i-thing), adv. [< ME. anything, 
enythiiii/, oni/tliing, oni/tlii/iigc, (. AS. ainige thinga, 
earliest form cengi thinga, lit. by any of things: 
ainige, instr. of eenig, any; thinga, gen. pi. of 
tiling, thing, the noun beingtaken later as instr. 
or ace., with agreeing adj.] Any whit; in any 
degree ; to any extent ; at all. 
Will the ladies be n</tl'/i>t familiar with me, think you? 
B. Janson, Poetaster, iv. 1. 
If anything, if in any degree; if at all; if there is any 
difference : as, // ai/iitjiiii:/, be is a little better to-day. 
// inii/tliing, we were comparatively deficient in these 
respects, //. Spe-wer, .Social Statics, p. 429. 
