apodictic 
whose centers are distant from each other by less than the 
sura of their radii mnxt intersect " would be an apodictic 
judgment. Such judgments may be false. This use of the 
word appears to have originated with Kant. 
II. n. The logical doctrine of demonstration 
and of science. 
Apodictic, we may assume, is in like manner the formal 
study of what constitutes knowledge strictly so called, 
the nature of the principles on which knowledge rests, 
the special marks distinguishing it, and the method by 
which knowledge is framed. 
H, Ailamson, Encyc. Brit., XIV. 785. 
apodictical, apodeictical (ap - o - dik ' ti - kal, 
-dik'ti-kal), a. Same as apodictic, apodeictic. 
apodictically, apodeictically (ap - 6 - dik ' ti - 
kal-i, -dik'ti-kal-i), adr. 1. Demonstratively; 
so as to be evident beyond contradiction. 
Kant's marvellous acuteness did not prevent his tran- 
scendental from being apudeictically resolved into absolute 
idealism. Sir W. Hamilton. 
Apathetically, we should say, if a is the cause of |3, then 
all A which possesses a possesses ; thus reasoning from 
cause to causatum. R. Adamson, Encyc. Brit., XIV. 789. 
2. By, or in the manner of, an apodictic judg- 
ment. See apodictic, 2. 
apodid (a-pod'id), . A member of the family 
Apodidte. 
Apodidae (a-pod'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Apus 
(Apod-) + -idee."] A family of phyllopod crusta- 
ceans, constituted by the genera Apus, Lepidu- 
rus, etc. Sometimes called Apidce, Apusidtt. 
See cut under Apus. 
apodioxist (ap"o-di-ok'sis), re. [NL., < LGr. 
airo<Ji<jf<f, expulsion, < cnroSiuKeiv, chase away, < 
aTrrf, away, T Sianuv, chase, pursue.] In rhet., 
rejection of an argument, with professed scorn 
or impatience, as irrelevant. 
apodixis, apodeixis (ap-o-dik'sis, -dik'sis), n. 
[< L. apodixis, < Gr. aw6ieit;i<;, demonstration, 
proof, < airo6etKvuvai, demonstrate : see apodic- 
tic.] Full demonstration ; absolute proof. 
This might taste of a desperate will, if he had not after- 
wards given an apodixis, in the battle, upon what platform 
he had projected and raised that hope. 
Sir G. Buck, Hist. Rich. III., p. 60. 
apodon (ap'o-doii), n. An improper form of 
apodan. 
apodosis (a-pod'o-sis), . [L., < Gr. air66oaic,, a 
giving back, return, answering clause, < avoSt- 
a6vai, give back, < a7r<5, from, away, + SuS&vai, 
give, = L. dare, give. Cf . dose.'} 1. Ingram., 
the concluding part of a conditional sentence ; 
the consequent which results from or is depen- 
dent on the protasis, or condition ; the conclu- 
sion. Thus, in the sentence, If it rains, I shall not go, the 
first clause is the protasis, the second the apodosi*. When 
the protasis is introduced by such conditional conjunctions 
as notwithstanding, tho^lgh, although, the apodosis predi- 
cates something opposite to what might have been looked 
for : as, Although we were few in numbers (protasis), we 
overthrew the enemy (a^odom). By some grammarians 
the term is not restricted to conditional sentences, but is 
extended to others similarly constructed : thus, in a simile 
the apodosis is the application or latter part. 
2. In the Gr. Ck., the last day of a church festi- 
val when prolonged throughout several days. 
It is sometimes coincident with or later than the octave, 
but generally earlier. 
apodous (ap'o-dus), a. [< apod + -ous.] Foot- 
less; apodal. 
apodytermm (ap"o-di-te'ri-um), n. : pi. apody- 
teria (-a). [L., < Gr. inroSirrfiputv, < airofiveaOai, 
undress one's self, mid. of inroSveiv, strip, un- 
dress, < ami + 6'veiv, get into, put on.] An 
apartment in Greek and Roman baths, or in 
the palsestra^ etc., where the bathers or those 
taking part in gymnastic exercises undressed 
and dressed. 
apogaeumt, apogeumt, apogaeont, apogeont 
(ap-o-je'um, -on), n. [ML., NL. : see apogee.] 
Original forms of apogee. 
Thy sun in his apogteon placed. 
Fairfax, tr. of Tasso, ii. 67. 
It is not yet agreed in what time, precisely, the apogeum 
absolveth one degree. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err. 
apogamic (ap-o-gam'ik), a. Same as apoga- 
mous. 
The author could not detect any act of impregnation [in 
a parasite on the olive], and believes that reproduction is 
apogamic. Jour. Roy. Micros. Soc., 2d ser., VI. 298. 
apogamons (a-pog'a-mus), a. [< NL. apoga- 
mus, < Gr. airo, away from, + yaftof, marriage.] 
In not., of the nature of or characterized by 
apogamy. 
De Bary thinks that in forms where obgonia are found 
without male pollinodia they must be considered as repre- 
senting a distinct apogainoitx species. 
Smithsonian Rep., 1881, p. 403. 
apogamously (a-pog'a-mus-li), adv. In an 
apogamous manner ; by apogamy. 
Those [spores] which are formed probably or actually 
without a sexual process in a word, apogamously but 
263 
which may be considered ... to be homologous with 
those which are actually sexually produced. 
Encyc. Brit., XX. 431. 
apogamy (a-pog'a-mi), n. [< NL. apogamia, < 
upogamus : see apoi/tiniintn.] In but. : (a) Gener- 
ally, the absence of sexual reproductive power, 
the plant perpetuating itself only by vegetative 
means, as buds, bulbs, etc. (6) In the higher 
cryptogams, the immediate development of the 
perfect plant from the prothallus without the 
usual intervention of sexual organs. 
apogeal (ap-o-je'al), a. [As apogee + -al.] Re- 
lating or pertaining to apogee ; in apogee ; be- 
ing furthest from the earth. 
Simultaneously the apogeal side [of the moon] was turn- 
ed from the influence of both bodies [earth and sun]. 
WinchM, World-Life, p. 381. 
apogean (ap-o-je'an), a. [As apogee + -an.] 
Pertaining to or connected with the apogee : 
as, apogean (neap) tides, which occur when the 
moon has passed her apogee. Also apogeic. 
apogee (ap'o-je), . [< ML. NL. apogceum, apo- 
geum, apogceon, apogeon, < Gr. atroycuov, av6yuov 
(so. fiaarriiia, distance), a planet's greatest dis- 
tance from the earth, neut. of airdyaiof, airdyciof, 
from the land, from the earth (> L. apogevs, from 
the land), < air6, from, + yij, poet, yala, earth, 
land: see geography, etc.] 1. That point in the 
orbit of a planet or other heavenly body which 
is at the greatest distance from the earth ; espe- 
cially, that particular point of the moon's orbit. 
The ancients regarded the earth as fixed in the center of 
the universe, and accordingly assigned to the sun, with the 
planets, an apogee ; but now that the sun is recognized as 
the center of our system, the terms perihelion and aphelion 
are employed to denote the least and greatest distance of 
the planets from that orb. Strictly, therefore, the sun Is 
in its apogee when the earth is in its aphelion. In the 
Ptolemaic astronomy, the mean apogee of the epicycle is 
the point of the epicycle furthest from the center of the 
eqnant ; the true apogee of the epicycle is that point of it 
furthest from the earth ; and the fixed apogee of the epi- 
cycle is that point of it furthest from the center of the 
eccentric. 
2. Figuratively, the highest or most distant 
point ; climax ; culmination. 
It [Bruges] had by no means reached its apogee, but was 
to culminate with Venice. Motley, Dutch Republic, I. 37. 
apogeic (ap-o-je'ik), a. [As apogee + -4c.] 
Same as apogean. 
apogeotropic (ap"o-je-o-trop'ik), a. [< NL. 
apogceotropictis, < Gr. air6yaa>(;, atr6yeiof, from the 
earth, + -TpoKitt6f, turning: see apogee and 
tropic.] In bot., characterized by apogeotro- 
pism ; shooting upward ; inclined to turn away 
from the ground. 
The sheath-like cotyledons, whilst young, are strongly 
apogeotropic. Darwin, Movement in Plants, p. 499. 
apogeotropism (ap // o-je-ot'ro-pizm), n. [As 
apogeotropic + -ism.] A tendency to turn or 
bend in opposition to gravity, or upward and 
away from the earth, as opposed to geotropism 
(which see) : said of stems or other parts of 
plants. Darwin. 
apogiatura (a-poj-a-to"ra), n. See appoggiatura. 
Apogon (a-pp'gon), n. [NL., < Gr. avuyuv, 
beardless, <d-priv. + iruyuv, beard.] 1. A ge- 
nus of acanthopterygian fishes, typical of the 
Apogonina. Lacepede, 1802. Also called Amia. 
2. A genus of dipterous insects. Holiday. 
apogonid (ap-o-gon'id), w. A fish of the fam- 
ily Apogonidai; a chilodipterid. 
Apogonidae (ap-o-gon'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Apo- 
rion + -ida;.] A family of acanthopterygian 
fishes : same as Chilodipteridai and Apogonina. 
Apogonina (ap"6-go-ni'na), ii.pl. [NL., < Apo- 
gon + -ina.] In Giintlier's classification of 
fishes, the fifth group of Percida, having the 
cleft of the mouth oblique or approaching the 
vertical line, and two dorsal fins. It contains fishes 
which inhabit the sea or fresh waters and possess decidu- 
ous scales which are generally of large size. 
apograph (ap'o-graf), n. [< Gr. amiypa^of, also 
neut. a.Tr6ypa<f>ov, a copy, < ainfypa^of, copied, < 
aTToypdijteiv, copy, transcribe, write off, < OTTO, off, 
+ ypatyetv, write.] A copy or transcript. 
These [Hebrew manuscripts] have been divided into two 
classes, autographs and apographs. The former, written 
by the original authors themselves, have long ago perished. 
The latter, taken from the autographs and multiplied by 
repeated transcription, exist in considerable numbers. 
T. II. Ilorne, Introd. to Study of Holy Scriptures, II. 88. 
apohyal (ap-6-hi'al), . [< Gr. inr&, from, + Jiy- 
(oid) + -Ofcj lii ornith., an element of the 
hyoidean arch, borne upon the basihyal and 
bearing the ceratohyal: now usually called the 
ceratoliranciiial. 
apOlOUS (a-poi'us), a. [< Gr. airoiof, without 
quality or attribute, < a- priv. + jroiof, of what 
nature or sort.] Having no active qualities ; 
neutral, as water or starch. 
Apollo 
apojove (ap'o-jov), n. [= F. apojnve, < NL. 
upojovium, < Gr. a-n-6, from, + L. Jov-, Jovis, 
Jove, Jupiter: see Jove.] That point in the 
orbit of a satellite of Jupiter which is furthest 
from the planet. Airy. 
apokatastasis, n. See apocatastasis. 
apolar (a-po'liir), a. [< Gr. a- priv. (-18) + po- 
lar.] Having no pole : in anat., applied to those 
nerve-cells which are not known to have, or are 
supposed not to have, any radiating process. 
Kesults of observation positively prove the existence of 
two fibres in the case of cells which had previously been 
regarded as unipolar and apolar. lleale, Bioplasm, 243. 
apolaustic (ap-o-las'tik), a. and . [< Gr. cnro- 
AavariKOf, agreeable, < imakavarlx;, enjoyable, < 
oTroAatev, enjoy, appar. < air6, off, + "Aai'ftv, a 
verb not used.] I. a. Pertaining to taste or 
enjoyment ; agreeable. 
Perhaps for brevity and distinctness' sake we may call 
the first its apolaustic and the second its dynamic char- 
acter. Mind, XII. 63. 
II. n. The philosophy of taste. Sir W. Ham- 
ilton. 
Apolemia (ap-o-le'mi-a), n. [NL. ; formation 
uncertain.] A genus of physophorous Sipho- 
nophora, or oceanic hydroids, founded by Esch- 
scnoltz in 1829. It is sometimes referred to the family 
Agalmidfe, sometimes made type of a family Apolemiidce. 
A. uvaria is a dioecious species inhabiting the Mediter- 
ranean. 
Apolemiadse (ap"o-le-mJ'a-de), n. pi. [NL.] 
Same as Apolemiidce. 
Apolemiidae (ap'o-le-mi'l-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Apolemia + -ida;.] A family of physophorous 
siphonophores, typified by the genus Apolemia. 
Apolites (ap-o-H'tez), n. [NL., appar. < Gr. 
aTro/UYtfc, a non-citizen, exile, < a- priv. + 
7roA(T!?f, a citizen: see politic.] 1. Same as 
Pitangus. Sundevall, 1830. 2. A genus of 
Coleoptera. Laporte. 
Apollinarian (a-pol-i-na'ri-an), a. and . [< L. 
Apollinaris, < Apollo, q. v.] I. a. Appellative 
of or pertaining to the votive games instituted 
at Rome in honor of Apollo, 212 B. c., in order 
to conciliate his favor in the war against the 
Carthaginians, and to obtain from him protec- 
tion for the republic. 
II. n. One of a religious sect deriving their 
name from Apollinaris the Younger, bishop of 
Laodicea, in the fourth century. Apollinaris de- 
nied the proper humanity of Christ, attributing to him a 
human body and a human soul, or vital principle, but 
teaching that the Divine Reason, or Logos, took in him the 
place which in man is occupied by the rational principle. 
Later the sect maintained that even the body of Christ 
was of one substance with his divinity, that he was in- 
carnate from eternity, and that his divinity suffered on 
the cross. After breaking up into different sects, the 
Apollinarians were finally merged in the Monophysites. 
Also called Apollinarist. 
Apollinarianism (a-pol-i-na'ri-an-izm), n. [< 
Apollinarian + -ism.] The doctrines of the 
Apollinarians. 
Hefele himself ... is compelled to admit that Nesto- 
rius accurately held the duality of the two natures and the 
integrity of each, [and] was equally explicitly opposed to 
Arianism and Apollinarianism. Encyc. lint., XVII. 356. 
Apollinarist (a-pol-i-na'rist), . [< ML. Apol- 
tinarista,<.Apotiinaris : see Apollinarian.] Same 
as Apollinarian. 
Apolline(a-porin), a. [< L. Apollineus, < Apol- 
lo (Apollin-) : see Apollo.] Related or pertain- 
ing to the myths or cultus of Apollo. 
Even in Apolline oracles, such as the Delphic, the artifi- 
cial method was employed along with that by inspiration. 
Encyc. Brit., XVII. 808. 
Apollinic (ap-o-lin'ik), a. Same as Apolline : 
as, "Apollinic (Delphic) religion," Encyc. Brit., 
XX. 360. 
Apollino (a-pol-le'no), . [It.] A statue of 
Apollo in the Tribuna at Florence, in which the 
god is represented as a youth.at rest in an easy 
and graceful leaning attitude, with the right arm 
thrown over the head. It is a copy of an original of 
the fourth century B. c., and is the type of a series of such 
representations. 
Apollo (a-pol'6), n. [L.,< Gr. 'AiroM.uv, Apollo ; 
a name derived by the Greeks from ancdMvai, 
destroy (see Apolli/on) ; but the origin is uncer- 
tain.] 1. In Gr. and later in Rom. myth., one 
of the great Olympian gods, the son of Zeus 
(Jupiter) and Leto (Latona), representing the 
light- and life-giving influence, as well as the 
deadly power, of the sun, and often identified 
with the Sun-god, Helios. He was the leader of the 
Muses, god of music, poetry, and healing, and patron of 
these arts ; a mighty protector from evil, all-seeing, and 
hence the master of prophecy ; also the destroyer of the 
unjust and insolent, and ruler of pestilence. In art he 
was represented in the full majesty of youthful manhood, 
in most of his attributions unclothed or but lightly draped, 
and usually characterized by the bow and arrows, the lau- 
rel, the lyre, the oracular tripod, the serpent, or the dol- 
