bilander 
E. byl, + land = E. land.] A small merchant 
vessel with two masts, and the mainsail bent 
to the whole 
length of a 
yard, hanging 
fore and aft, 
and inclined 
to the horizon 
at an angle 
of about 45 
degrees, the 
foremost low- 
er corner, 
called the 
in:'!., being 
secured to a 
ring-bolt in 
the deck, and 
the after- 
most, or sheet, 
to the taffrail. l<Y\v vessels are now rigged in this 
manner. Tin.* bilamler is a kind of liny, manageable by 
four or five men, and used chiefly In the canals of the Low 
Countries. 
Why choose we, then, like bilandert to creep 
Alimt: the coast, ami land in view to krt p'.' 
liriiitm, Hind and Panther, i. 128. 
bilateral (bi-lat'e-ral), a. [< NL. bilateralis, < 
L. hi- + latus (later-), side: see lateral.'] 1. 
Having two sides; of or pertaining to two 
sides ; two-sided. 
The liil/ttfi-itt movements escape in cases of hemiplegia 
in spitr >f dt^trnction of some of the nervous arrange- 
ments representing them. Pop. Sri. Mo., XXV. 176. 
2. Iii bot., having the sides different. 
The vegetation in all Hepatica) is bilateral that is, dif- 
ferently developed on the upper and under sides. 
Butt, nf III. State Laboratory. II. 6. 
3. In biol. , having the sides symmetrical Bilat- 
eral contract, in late, a contract which hinds the parties 
to perform reciprocal obligations each toward the other. 
Kapalje and Lawrence. Bilateral restriction, in logic, 
the restriction of a proposition at once in its subject and 
in its predicate, as in the following example: All triangle 
is all trilateral ; some triangle is some trilateral. Bilat- 
eral symmetry, the symmetry of right and left halves 
or other parts of the body ; sinistrodextral symmetry ; 
transverse antitypy. Also called lateritypy. 
In both the foregoing cases it is the bilateral iymmetrtj 
which is so peculiarly characteristic of locomotive power. 
W. B. Carpenter, Prln. of Physiol. 
Bilateralia (bl-lat-e-ra'li-ii), n. pi. [NL., neut. 
pi. of bilateralis: see bilateral.'] 1. A collec- 
tive name of those animals which exhibit bilat- 
erality or bilateral symmetry, as of right and 
left sides. J.A.Ryder. 2. A division of Am- 
bulnrrtiria represented by Balanoglossus alone, 
contrasted with other echinoderms which are 
called Itadiat-a. Metscnnikoff. 
bilateralism (bi-lat'e-ral-izm), n. [< bilateral 
+ -ism.] The state or quality of being bilate- 
ral: bilateral symmetry. 
bilaterality (bi-lat-e-ral'i-ti), n. [< bilateral 
+ -ity.] Same as bilateralism. 
bilaterally (bi-lat'e-ral-i), adv. In a bilateral 
manner; on both sides: as, a Waterally sym- 
metrical larva. 
bilateralness (bi-lat'e-ral-nes), n. [< bilateral 
+ -wiwt.J The state or quality of being bilat- 
eral ; bilateralism ; in zool., bilateral symmetry. 
In the Sycamore and the Vine we have a cleft type of 
leaf in which a decided bilateralneng of form co-exists 
with a decided bilateralnejts of conditions. 
a. Spencer, Prin. of Biol., 229. 
bilberry (bil'ber-'i), .: pi. bilberries (-iz). 
[Formerly also spelled bill-berry and bull-berry. 
The last form, if not simulated, is prob. right, 
< buffi- + berryi. Another species, the red 
whortleberry, is named cowberry, and the NL. 
name of the genus, Vaccinium, means 'cow- 
berry.' The word bull enters into the names 
of several other plants, as bullweed, bullirort. 
bulrush. Cf. hartberry, another name for bil- 
ln fry. But the relation of the equiv. Dan. bolle- 
fertr, also simply boUe, whortleberry, to Dan. 
biill, a castrated bull (cf. Icel. boli = Norw. bol 
= E. bull 1 ), is not clear. The usual Dan. term 
for bull is tyr = Sw. tjur = Icel. ttjorr = E. 
steer. The name blaeberry is of different origin : 
see blaeberry.] 1. A shrub and its fruit, t'ae- 
Cinium Jtyrtillu.-: In s, ,,tbm,l the bilberry is usually 
called tteeotrnf, from its blaf. or dark-blue color. ' See 
Vaccinia in aiiil n-h'irtli'bfrry. 
2. A name sometimes given in the United 
States to the fruit of the shad-bush, Amrlati- 
i-ltiir t'liiiinlfiiKig... Bog-bilberry, \'aeeinium uliyi- 
iivsinn of the i nitcd stall's and Knrope.-- Dwarf bil- 
berry, I', artpitositin. Jamaica bilberry, i*. tut-i-i<iii>- 
nul'-. 
bilbo 1 (bil'bo), .; pi. bilboes or -bos (-boz). 
[Early mod. E. also bilboic, bilboe, bilboa, prop. 
a sword of Bilbao (in E. formerly Bilboa) in 
551 
bilifulvin 
Spain, such swords being, like those of Toledo bileve 1 !, i 1 . See bcl' 
(see Toledo), held in high esteem for their tern- bileve'-'t, r. See btlim. 
per.] 1. Formerly, a sword or sword-blade, bilge (bilj), n. [In 17th century also bildqe 
famous for extreme elasticity, made in Bilbao and bill/trje^ ; var. of bulge: see bulge.] 1. The 
in Spain. wider part or bolly of a cask, which is usually 
Compass'd like a good bilbo in the circumference of a in the middle. 2. The breadth of a ship 8 
peck, hilt to point, heel to head. 
N/,,,*-., M. W. of W., Hi. 6. 
Hence 2. Any sword. [Poetical.] 
At Poitiers bath'd their bilboe* in French blood. 
Drat/ton, Polyolbion, xvi. 72. 
bilbo 2 (bil'bo), .; pi. bilboes or -bos (-boz). 
[Early mod. E. also bilbotp, bilboe, usually in 
pi. ; prob. so named, like bilbo 1 , from Bilbao 
in Spain; but direct evidence is lacking.] A 
Bilboes, from the Tower of London. 
long bar or bolt of iron having sliding shackles 
and a lock, formerly used to confine the feet 
of prisoners or offenders, especially on board 
ship : usually in the plural. 
Mi'thought I lay 
Worse than the routines in the bilboes. 
ShaJc., Hamlet, v. 2. 
bilbo-mant (bil'bo-man), . A swordsman. 
You are much bound to your bilbo-men ; 
I am glad you are straight again, captain. 
Beau, and Fl., King and No King, v. 3. 
bilboquet (bil-bo-kef), n. [Also dial., in def. 
2, bilooketch, bilbocatch, bilverketcho, etc., < F. 
bilboquet, OF. billeboquet, billebauquet ; origin 
obscure.] If. A gardener's measuring-cord or 
-line. Cotgrave. 2. The toy called cup-and- 
ball. 3t. An 8-inch mortarfor throwing shells. 
4. An implement for curling hair, fairholt. 
bilcock (bil'kok), . [Also called bidcock, < 
bil- or bid- (origin unknown) + cock 1 .] The 
water-rail of Europe, Ballus aquaticus. 
bildt, bildert. Old spellings of build, builder. 
bildstein (bild'stin). n. [G., < bifd, image, fig- 
ure (< MHG. bilde, < OHG. bilidi (= OS. MUM 
= OFries. 'biletite, byld = D. beeld = Sw. be- 
late (also bild, prob. borrowed) = Dan. billede, 
billed), prob. < M- = E. AS. bi-, bu-, + lid = OS. 
lith = Goth, lithus = E. lith, a limb, member: 
see by-, be- 1 , and lith), + stein = E. stone.] Same 
as agalmatolite. 
bile^Hbil), . [Early mod. E. also byle, < ME. 
bile, byle (occasionally bid, beel, > E. beal, prop, 
a dial, form: see beal 1 ), < AS. byle = OFries. 
beil, bel = MD. bule, D. buil = LG. bule, biile = 
MHG. biule, G. beitle, bile, = Icel. beyla = Sw. 
bula = Dan. bule, bugle, a swelling; cf. Icel. 
bola = Sw. bold = Dan. byld, a blain, a blister ; 
< Teut. / "bul. seen in causal form in the Goth. 
tifbauljan, puff up : cf . boll 1 . Bile is the true E. 
form, still retained in the vernacular speech; 
but, owing to a confusion with the verb 601/2 
(or perhaps with the D. form buil, pron. nearly 
as E. boil), the word has taken in mod. literary 
E. the corrupt form 6oi7. See boil 1 .'] An in- 
flamed tumor; a boil. See boil 1 . 
bile 2 (bil), . [< F. bile, < L. bilis, bile, anger; 
atra (or nigra) bilis, equiv. to Gr. fAffjMta, 
black bile: see atrabile, melancholy.] 1. A 
yellow bitter liquid secreted by the liver and 
collected by the biliary ducts to be conveyed 
into the duodenum, iu most important constituents 
are the bile-salts, sodium glycocholate and sodium tauro- 
cliohitc, and the bile-pigments, bilirubin and biliverdin, 
with cholesterin. The uile renders the contents of the 
duodenum alkaline. It aids the emulsionizing of the 
fats, apparently by increasing the solubility of soaps, 
assists the passage of the fats through the intestinal 
walls, and stimulates peristalsis. Also called gall. 
2. Figuratively, ill nature; peevishness; bit- 
terness of feeling : because the bile was fancied 
to be the seat of ill humor. 
Xothing appears to have stirred his bile so much at 
Yuste as the proceedings of some members of the board 
of trade at Seville. Pretcott. 
Black bile. See atrabile. 
bile 3 t, . An obsolete form of bill 1 . 
bilection (bi-lek'shpn), H. Same as bolection. 
bile-cyst (bil'sist), '. In anat., the gall-bladder. 
bile-duct (bil'dukt), n. A duct or canal con- 
veying bile; a gall-duct. 
bile-pigment (bil'pig'ment), n. One of the 
coloring matters in the bile. Bilirubin is the chief 
coloring matter in the bile of carnivorous animals and of 
man ; bilicertlin is the greenish pigment in the bile of 
herbivorous animals. A considerable numlwr of other 
bile-pigments have been described, some of which are prob- 
ably mixtures of pigments, and others oxidation or reduc- 
tion products not existing in the living body. 
bilestone (bil'ston), . A biliary calculus or 
gallstone. 
II.,- ' I!/.;-. 
1 | M/.-. 
bottom, or that part of her floor which ap- 
proaches a horizontal direction, and on which 
she would rest if aground. 
bilge (bilj), r. ; pret. and pp. bilged, ppr. bilg- 
ing. [< bilge, n.] I. intrans. 1. Naut., to suf- 
fer a fracture in the bilge ; spring a leak by a 
fracture in the bilge. 2. To bulge or swell out. 
EE. trans. To break or stave in (the bilge or 
bottom of a ship). 
bilge-board (bilj'bord), . In ship-building, 
one of the boards used to cover the timbers 
where the bilge-water collects. 
bilge-coad (buj'kod), n. Same as bilgetrays. 
bilge-free (bilj'fre), a. Naut., so stowed on 
beds that no weight rests on the bilge: said of 
a cask. 
bilge-keel (bilj'kel),n. ^btlge + keefl-.] Naut., 
a piece of timber fastened edgewise under 
the bottom of a ship, for 
the purpose of keeping 
her from rolling heavily 
and from drifting to lee- 
ward. Also called bilge- 
piece. 
bilge-keelson (bilj'kel'- 
son), . A timber ex- 
tending fore and aft in a 
ship, inside the bilge, to 
strengthen the frame. 
bilge-piece (bili'pes), . 
lt1A l-nV /YtTl.'~*l A n~l 
A. A. Bilce-keeU. 
Same as bilge-keel. 
bilge-plank (bilj'plangk), . Naut., one of 
the thick planks which run round the bilge of 
a ship, both inside and outside. 
bilge-pump (bilj'pump), n. Xaut., a pump for 
removing Dilge-water from a ship. 
bilge-water (bilj'wa'ter), n. Naut., water 
which enters a ship and lies upon her bilge or 
bottom. If allowed to remain, it acquires an 
offensive penetrating smell Bilge-water dis- 
charge, a device for discharging bilge-water automati- 
cally. 
bilgeways (bilj'waz), n. }>l. Naut., a series of 
timbers placed on each side of a vessel on the 
launching-ways, to assist in supporting her 
hull iu launching. Also called bulgeways and 
bilge-coad. See cut under launch. 
bilgy (bil'ji), a. [< bilge + -yl.] Having the 
properties (as the smell, etc.) of bilge-water. 
Bilharzia (bil-har'zi-a). . [NL., named after 
Theodor Bilharz, an old helminthologist.] A 
genus of the order Trematoidea, or fluke-worms, 
endoparasitic in the blood-vessels of man, espe- 
cially in the urinary organs, the ova escaping 
through an ulceration which the presence of 
the parent causes. The animal is dioecious, the male 
being the larger and retaining the female in a gynieco- 
phore or canal formed by an Involution of the edges of 
the concave side of the body. 
biliary (bil'i-a-ri), a. [= F. biliaire, < NL. 
liilioris, < L. bilis, bile.] 1. Belonging to the 
bile ; conveying the bile : as, a biliary duct. 
2. Bilious. [Rare.] Biliary calculus, a concre- 
tion which forms in the gall-bladder or bile-ducts; gall- 
stone. These calculi are usually composed for the most 
part of cholesterin. Biliary colic, see colic. Biliary 
duct. See duel. 
biliation (bil-i-a'shon), n. [< NL. fti7mHo(n-), 
< L. bilis, bile.] The excretion of bile. Dun- 
nlison. 
bilicyanin (bil-i-si'a-nin), . [< L. bilis, bile, 
+ E. eyanin.] A product of the oxidation of 
bilirubin which appears blue in an acid and 
violet in a neutral solution. See bilirubin. 
bilifulvin (bil-i-ful'vin), n. [< L. bills, bile, + 
fulrus, fulvous. ] An old name for more or less 
impure bilirubin. 
