blue 
cene blue, same ^ .>'. .,,.,. I,/H?. Antwerp blue, a 
I'russian hint 1 made somewhat lighter in color f>\ tin 1 a>l 
dition of alumina. It is more greenish than l'rnh.tian blue. 
Also culled llniirii'in lit"'', iiiinrni/ "> . Armenian 
blue, a pigment used by the ani-irnls, probabt.v a native 
ultramarine. Azure blue, a name given to various pig- 
luellU, Mird as cobalt blue, ultramarine, ali'l carbonate of 
copper. BaalC blue, a more can-fully prepare, I .spirit- 
Hue of tin- first kind, See .*7-iVj' />'//,-. Also called j,nL- 
Mil' 1 . Berlin blue. Sumaas^uwtai />/, but usually a 
little lighter in color. Also i-alk>il */.-.(-/<.. Blackley 
blue. BameuMiuMiJitu (). Bremen blue, a by hat 
ed eoppei o\nl formed by precipitating nitrate of copper 
with Mine. It is mostly used for ire.vo painting, and re- 
tains its Mile color iiniler artificial li'Jit. A I -i i call. 'i I './" 
wrditer. Cerulean blue, a pigment composed of the 
oxids of tin ami cobalt. It retain, its bine color by artifi- 
cial light. Chemtc blue, a term nscil by dye-re for a very 
acid solution of iinli^o in sulphuric acid which i e-nulil. - 
.xiMiuy bine. China blue, a coal-tar color similar to 
soluble bine, used in 'hem-. Chinese blue, a pigment 
similar In Prussian blue, but when liry ami in a lump torni 
having a peculiar rcililish-bronze cast. Its tints are purer 
than those of Prussian blue. -Cobalt blue, a pure blue 
tending toward cyan-blue and of high luminosity. Also 
called // ii nifdri/ blue, Leithner'n blue, and 7'nrij* /</"-. 
Coupler's blue, a coal-tar color used In dyeing. It la a 
spirit -iniliiline, and is the hydrochlorid of some color-baae, 
such us triplicnyl-viohuiUine. It yields a dark-blue color 
not unlike indigo, and can be dyed on wool, silk, and cut- 
ton. Also callc'Ui-'"'/'/'/" '"<//, Klbcrfeld blue, Kitubaix ttlu>'. 
Cyanlne blue. Same its Lfiich'sblue. Distilled blue, 
a purilieil solution of sulphate of indigo. Dumont's blue, 
a carefully prepared smalt used by decorators of china. 
Egyptian blue. Same as Alexandria blue. Elberfeld 
blue. Same as Coupier'n Mite. Eschel blue. Same as 
Ktnu'f. Fast blue. Same as alkali blue. Fluorescent 
resorclnal blue, a coal-tar color used In dyeing, pre- 
pared by dissolving a/o resorufin in potash, adding bro- 
mine, ami precipitating with hydrochloric uciil the hex- 
abroni-<li;i/o resot ulinale, and converting this into the so- 
diuni salt. It dyes wool and silk a fast blue with a red 
fluorescence, especially in artificial light. Also called re- 
Borcin blue. French blue. Same as artificial ultrama- 
rine (which see. under ultramarine). Qentlana blue. 
Same as spirit-blue. Gold blue, a color similar to purple 
ofCassius. See purple. Guernsey blue. Same as alkali 
blue. Guimet blue. Same as artificial ultramarine 
(which see, under ufti-umariiit'). Haarlem blue. Same 
a Antwerp blue. HumbOldt blue. Same as xpirit-Mue. 
Hungary blue, same as mbalt bl tie. Imperial blue. 
same as x/iirit-Miir. -Indian blue. Same as indigo. 
Intense blue, a pigment made by reflniiiK indigo. In 
the blue, wearing the blue coat, as a deer. 
There is a bluish shade observed on the common deer, 
which Is so prevalent as to have given the winter coat the 
general appellation of the blue among frontiersmen and 
hunters, who say the deer is in the red or the blue, as he 
may lie in the summer or the winter coat. 
J. D. Calm, Antelope and Deer of America, p. 149. 
Leltch'a blue, a compound of cobalt blue and Prussian 
blue. Also called cttanine blue. Lelthner's blue. Same 
aa cobalt blue. Lyons blue, one of the commercial 
names of spirit-blue. Mineral blue. Same <u Antwerp 
blue. Monthier's blue, a special kind of Prussian blue, 
in the making of which ammonia is used. Mountain 
blue. Sec azurite. Napoleon blue, a blue color dyed 
on silk by means of basic ft- rric sulphate and yellow prus- 
siate of potash, forming a Prussian blue. Also called Ray- 
mond'* Mm-. Native Prussian blue. Same as blue other 
(which sec, under OC/KT). Navy blue. Same as soluble 
blue (6). Nemours blue, a color produced In dyeing, by 
first dyeing with sandal-wood and afterward with indigo, 
giving a purple hue by reflected light. Neutral blue, 
a coal-tar color used in dyeing, the hydrochlorid of the 
color-base safrauiue. It ia useful only In dyeing cotton. 
New blue. Same as artificial ultramarine, or, in coal-tar 
colors, same as neutral blue. Night blue, (a) Same as 
Victoria blue, but of a purer shade, (ft) Soluble blue, 
(c) Any blue that is free from violet, and retains a true 
blue color in artificial light. Paris blue, (a) Same as 
cobalt blue, (fc) A somewhat light shade of Prussian blue. 
Parma blue, a spirit-blue of the first kind, with a de- 
cided violet tone. Paste blue. () Sulphate of indigo, 
(fr) Prussian blue in a pasty state. Permanent blue. 
Same as artificial ultramarine (which see, under ultra- 
iiutriii,-). Prussian blue, a pigment made by precipi- 
tating ferric sulphate with yellow prussiate of potash, 
forming a ferrocyatiide of iron. It is a cyan-blue like that 
of the spectrum of wave-length .4SO micron ; its chroma Is 
strong, but its luminosity is low. Sometimes called royal 
I'l'"- Raymond's blue. Sumo as Xapoleon blue. Re- 
boulleau's blue. 8meas&ftiiri/wrfA bin?. Resorcin 
blue. Same as //N.,,W,V/// / viv//m Ml/*-. RoUbalX 
blue. Same as f'.ni/,/w* blue. -Royal blue. Same as 
ttmalt. In dyeing, Prussian blue is sometimes so named. 
Sanders or aaunders blue, a corrupt name for the 
French '-.-in /,w >,!, ".^(ultramarine ashes). Saxony blue, 
the sulphlndigotic acid of commerce, prepared by dissolv- 
ing indigo in concentrated sulphuric acid, and nsed for 
dyeing on wool ami silk. It is brighter in color than that 
obtained from the indigo-vat, but is not BO fast either to 
light or to tlie action of soap. - Schwelnfurth blue, a 
pigment miulo by fusing together copper nrseniute, potas- 
sium arseniate, and niter. The product soon turns blue 
when mived with oil. Also called Kflnmlleau'i blue. 
Soluble blue, (a) A coal-tar color used in dyeing, ob- 
tainetl by beating a spirit-blue with sulphuric acid, and 
the product with oxalic acid. Such blues are soluble in 
water, in distinction from the fpMC-MM. which are solu- 
ble only in alcohol. Also called ISIarklfii Hue. (b) A 
Prussian blue to which has been added an excess of prus- 
siatc ot ]itash. Also called lia/l-Nue, nai'v blur. The 
blues. (") ICoutraction for MlM-dntb.] Low spirits; 
melancholy ; despondency ; hypochondria. See blni'-'t> <- 
Us. (b) [cnjt. ] The name popularly given to the English 
regiment properh called the Ko\a! Horse Cuards, or o\- 
foril H!<><'*. tlrst mustered in lotll, ami so called from their 
blue uniforms. To be a blue, to have won one's blue 
(which see. below). (F.ng.l To win one's blue, to be 
chosen to represent a university (Oxford or Cambridge) or 
school (Harrow or I'.tou) in athletic contests: from the 
599 
ilistineth, colors (dark blue for Oxford and Harrow, and 
light bine for i [iinln jil-e and Eton) adopted by students 
at those institutions. |Kng. ] Ultramarine blue. See 
K/i'it unu-i, f. Vat-blue, sai: Vic- 
toria blue, a coal-tar color nsc'l in dvein^'. It is a dark- 
blue powder soluble in water, ami can be dyed on uool, 
silk, or cotton. Violet-blue, a blue tending toward 
violet, the color of tile spectrum betuecll a\e-li ni;tli- 
.460 to .415 micron, or of such light mixed with white. 
Wine-blue, umocyan, used as a coloring matter for red 
wines. 
blue (WO), v. ; pret. and pp. blued, ppr. bluing. 
[< Hue. .] I. trans. To make blue; dye a 
blue color; color with bluing; make blue by 
heating, as metals, etc. 
Il.t intrant. To blush. 
blueback (blo'bak), n. 1. A local English 
name (current in Yorkshire) of the coal-fish, in 
allusion to the bluish color of the back. 2. 
The blue-backed salmon or nerka, Oncorhynchus 
nerka, known in Idaho as the red-fish. 3. In 
Maryland aud Virginia, the glut-herring; a 
herring-like fish, Clupea cestivalis, without vo- 
merine or palatine teeth, with the lower jaw 
projecting but little, and the peritoneum black- 
ish. It is much like the alewife, but of less 
value. 4. A local name in Maine of the blue- 
backed trout, Salrelinus oquassa. 
bluebell (blo'bel), n. The popular name of 
several different plants: (a) In Scotland, of 
Campanula rotund (folia, a plant bearing a loose 
panicle of blue bell-shaped flowers. See hare- 
bell, (ft) In England, of Scilla nutans, the wild 
hyacinth, from the shape of its drooping flow- 
ers, (c) Of the grape-hyacinth, Muscari botry- 
oides. (rf) Occasionally, of other plants with 
blue bell-shaped flowers. 
blueberry (blo'ber'i), n. ; pi. blueberries (-iz). 
[< blue + berry 1 . Cf. blaeberry.'] In America: 
(a) The fruit of several species of Vaccinium, 
ordinarily distinguished from the various kinds 
of huckleberry by its blue color and smaller 
seeds. The swamp or tall blueberry is the f'ac- 
cinium corymbosum ; the low blueberry, V.vacil- 
lans ; and the dwarf blueberry, V. Pennsyl- 
vanicum. See bilberry, (b) Another name of 
the cohosh, Caitlophyllum thalictroides. 
bluebill (blS'bil), n. A scaup duck; the black- 
head (which see). 
blue-billy (blo'bil'i), n. [< blue + billy, per- 
haps the proper name Billy used familiarly, as 
in other instances : see billyl, billyl.~\ Inmetal., 
the residuum from pyrites, roasted for the man- 
ufacture of sulphuric acid, or for the extrac- 
tion in the moist way of the copper which it 
contains. This residuum, consisting mainly of peroxid 
of iron, is largely used as fettling in the puddUng-fur- 
naces in parts of England. 
bluebird (blo'berd), n. [In 17th century, bletr- 
bird.~\ 1. An American oscine passerine bird, 
of the genus Sialia, of which blue is the chief 
color. There are several species. The common or Wil- 
son's bluebird, Sialia tiaU*. InhabiU eastern North Amer- 
ica. It is about 64 inches long, blue above and dull-red- 
dish and white below. In most parts of the United States 
it is a harbinger of spring, coming with a melodious song. 
It nests in holes, and lays plain pale-bluish eggs. The 
western or Mexican bluebird S. mcxicana, is very similar, 
but has a reddish patch on the back, and the throat blue. 
The arctic or Rocky Mountain bluebird, S. arctica, is a 
larger species, of a paler blue than the others, fading into 
white below, without any red. 
2. Some other bird of a blue color: as, the 
fairy bluebird of Java, Irene turcosa. 
blue-black (blo'blak), a. and n. I. a. Of a 
bluish-black color. 
II. n. 1. A name of ivory-black, from its 
bluish hue ; a color resembling ivory-black. 
2. A well-burnt and levigated charcoal pre- 
Sared from vine-twigs. Also called rme-black. 
ueblawt (blO'bla), . [Also written blue- 
blow, early mod. E. blewblaw, < 6/cir, blue, + 
*blair, appar. a varied form of blue or blae (ME. 
bla, etc.), later modified to blow.'] An old name 
of the bluebottle, Centaurea Cyanus. 
blue-blazer (blS'bla'zer), n. A sweetened and 
flavored drink made of Scotch whisky and 
water mixed, after being set on fire, by pour- 
ing back and forth between two mugs. 
blue-blind (WS'blind), a. Unable to distin- 
guish the color blue from other colors. 
From the rarity and, in many cases, the entire absence 
of reference to blue In ancient literature, Gelger . . . 
has maintained that, even as recently as the time of Ho* 
mer, our ancestors were blut-blintl. 
Sir J. Lubbock, Pop. Sci. Mo., XXI. 200. 
blueblowt, . See blueblaw. 
bluebonnet (blo'bon'et), . 1. A name for 
the blue titmouse, Parus caruleus. Also called 
blueca/>. Macnillirray. 2. In fcof., same as 
liln/'lmttlc. 1. 3. A name given to the soldiery 
of Scotland when it was a separate kingdom, 
bluefish 
f nun tin- color of their lioiniets; also,any Scotch- 
man: generally aw two words. Also blurm/i. 
Kngland Khali many a day 
Tell of the bloody fray 
When the nine Hniine!* came over the Border. 
tottj Halla.t. Monastery, an. 
bluebottle (WO'bot'l), n. [In def. 1 with ref . 
to the blue funnel-shaped florets arranged in a 
hottli'-^liapeil involucre or whorl.] 1. In hot., 
Centum i a ( 'I/IIHM, a composite plant, a weed in 
Europe, cultivated for ornament in America. 
Also called bluebonnet and hl/ac/i/i. 2. In 
a dipterous insect with a blue abdomen, of the 
family Mitscirhr and genus .!/., or ' 'iilli/ihora. 
Also popularly called beef-ea tcr and blucjlenh-fiy. 
Inder tin- term Wr/*''H/? at least two Slieciei) are In- 
eluded [in England], namely, Mnsca voniltoria and M. 
erythrocephala. They both have the under surface of the 
head red. si,i,,,l. Hut. lli*t., VI. 95 
3. A policeman, a beadle, or other officer wear- 
ing a blue dress. [Slang.] 
bluebreast (blS'brest), . Same as bluethroat. 
bluebuck (blO'buk), n. [Tr. of D. blauwbok.] 
Same us liliiinrhok. 
bluebush (blO'bush), n. A Mexican shrub, Ce- 
<i unlit us ir.iiri-iix, with abundant blue flowers. 
bluebuttons (blo'but'onz), M. Same as blue- 
I'nji. '.\ (a). 
bluecap (blO'kap), . 1. A fish said to be of 
the salmon kind, with blue spots on its head. 
Imp. Diet. 2. Same as bluebonnet, \. 3. In 
hot. : (a) Some blue-flowered species of Scabi- 
osa, as f>. succisa and >S. arrengis. (b) The blue- 
bottle, Centaurea Cyanus. 4. Same as blue- 
bonnet, 3. 
A thousand Hue-cap* more. Shot., 1 II. n. IV., 1L 4. 
5. In coal-mining, a blue or brownish halo 
around the flame of the safety-lamp, indicat- 
ing the presence of a dangerous quantity of 
fire-damp. 
bluecoat (blS'kot), H. A person who wears a 
blue coat, especially as a uniform or livery. 
Specifically (a) A serving-man, especially in the house 
of an English country gentleman. The blue coat and 
badge were formerly the common livery of all the male ser- 
vants and attendants in a large establishment. (6) A sol- 
dier in the army of the l.'nited States. Bluecoat boy, a 
pupil of Christ's Hospital, London, a foundation dating 
from the time of Edward VI., the lienenciaries of which, 
who are young hoys, still wear the dress common to boys 
at that time, or a slight modification of it, consisting of a 
long blue coat girded with a leather lielt, knee-breeches, 
yellow stockings, and low shoes. Their head-dress is what 
is called a muffin-cap (which see), but generally they wear 
no caps, even in the coldest weather. 
blue-cod (blO'kod), n. A chiroid fish, OpAio- 
don elonaatus, of the Pacific coast of the United 
States, better known as cultus-eod. 
blue-creeper (WS'kre'per), M. A graceful twin- 
ing plant of Tasmania, Comespernia rolubile, 
natural order Polygalacea:, bearing an abun- 
dance of bright-blue flowers. 
blue-curls (blO'kerlz), M. A low labiate plant 
of the United States, Trichoxtema dichotomum, 
with blue flowers and very long coiled fila- 
ments. 
blue-devils (blO'dey'lz), n. pi. [See blue, a., 
3, 4.] 1. Low spirits; depression of mind. 
2. [With allusion to the apparitions of such 
delirium.] Delirium tremens. 
blue-disease (blo'di-zez' ), . Same as cyanosis. 
blue-eyed (blo'id), a. Having blue eyes : as, 
"the blue-ei/ed Norseman," Longfellow, Tales 
of a Wayside Inn Blue-eyed grass, in '-'., the 
name in the I'nited States of species of .S'i*yrinfAiutn. 
Blue-eyed Mary, the name of a hoiaginaceoui plant, 
Omphalodejt rrrna, of Europe, with small blue flowers, 
resembling the forget-me-not. 
bluefln (blo'fin), n. A local name in 'the 
United States of the lake-herring or whitefish 
of Lake Michigan, Coregonus nigripinnis. See 
Cisco. 
bluefish (lild' fish). H. 1. The usual name of a 
fish of the family Pomatomida; the Pomatomus 
saltatrix, also called tailor, skipjack, bluc-snaj>- 
per, and green-fish, it is of compressed subfuslform 
shape, greenish or bluish altove and silvery below. It 
s taltatrixl. 
(From Report of U. S. Fish Commission. 1884-! 
sometimes attains a length of about 3 feet, though it I* 
usually much smaller. It \* common in many seas, but U 
best known along the Atlantic coast of the I'nited States. 
Its teeth are small but trenchant, and the fish is exceed- 
ingly ravenous ami destructive to other fishes. It affords 
excellent sport, and IU flesh is esteemed for the table. 
