bond 
under which they N ere incorporated and which prohibited 
borrowing. This end was accomplished by issuing bonds 
bearing interest for work done or for goods delivered. 
Passive bonds. See active bonds, under active. Quarry- 
stone bond, rubble masonry. Raking bond, a method 
of bricklaying in which the bricks are laid at an angle in 
the face of the wall. There are two kinds, diagonal and 
herring-bone. Registered bond, an obligation, usually 
of a state or corporation, for the payment of money, regis- 
tered in the holder's name on the liooks of the debtor, and 
represented by a single certificate delivered to the credi- 
tor. Running bond, in MMajfiiui, same as English 
bond. Straw bond, a bond upon which either fictitious 
names or the names of persons unable to pay the sum 
guaranteed are written as names of sureties. 
620 
4. Slavery or involuntary servitude ; serfdom. 
A sadly toiling slave, 
Dragging the slowly lengthening chain of bondage to the 
grave. Whittier, Cassandra Southwick. 
imprisonment; restraint of a 
person's liberty by compulsion. 
A day, an hour, of virtuous liberty 
Is worth a whole eternity in bondage. 
Addi&on, Cato, ii. 1. 
6. Figuratively, subjection to some power or 
influence: as, he is in bondage to his appetites. 
= Syn. 4. Slavery, etc. (see servititde), thraldom, serfdom. 
bond 1 (bond), o. [< bond*, n.] I. trans. 1. To bondage (bon'daj), v. t.; pret. and pp. bandaged, 
put in bond or into a bonded warehouse, as ppr . boiidaging.' [< bondage, n.] To reduce to 
goods liable for customs or excise duties, the bondage or slavery ; enslave. [Obsoleteorrare.] 
duties remaining unpaid till the goods are taken bondager (bon'da-jer), n. [< bondage, n., + 
out, but bonds being given for their payment : . er l.] In Scotland and the north of England, 
as, to bond 1,000 pounds of tobacco. 2. To O ne who rents a cottage on a farm and is 
grant a bond or bond and mortgage on : as, to bound, as a condition of his tenancy, to work 
bond property. 3. To convert into bonds : as, f or the farmer at certain seasons, such as tur- 
to bond a debt. 4. To place a bonded debt up- n i p -hoeing or harvest-time, or to supply a work- 
on : as, to bond a railroad. 5. In building, to e r from his own family, at current wages. See 
bind or hold together (bncks or stones in a wall) bondage, n., 2. 
by a proper disposition of headers and stretch- bond-COOper (bond'kup"er), n. One who has 
ers, or by cement, mortar, etc. See bond*, n., 12. charge of casks of wine and spirits held in bond. 
The lower parts of the palace- walls, which are preserved bond-creditor (bond'kred"i-tor), n. A creditor 
to a height of eighteen inches to three feet, consist of quar- w l, n is sppiirpd hv n hnnrl 
ry-stones bonded with clay. X. A. Rev., CXXXIX. 526. , W j J secured Dy a bond. 
Town-bonding acts or laws, laws enacted by several of ,?,;.f, D nW 9 t' ^"'v. V contracted 
the United States, authorizing towns, counties, and other under tlie obligation 01 a bond. 
municipal corporations to issue their corporate bonds for bonded (bon ded),JJ. a. [< bond*, V., + -ed 2 .] 1. 
the purpose of aiding the construction of railroads. Secured by bonds, as duties. 2 Put or placed 
II. intrans. To hold together from being inbond: as, bonded goods. 3. Encumbered; 
bonded, as bricks in a wall. mortgaged: as, heavily bonded property. 4. 
The imperfectly shaped and variously sized stone as Secured by or consisting of bonds : as, bonded 
)le can neither bed nor ^*^ Jv ^ debt-Bonded debt, that part of the_entire indebted- 
bond 2 (bond), n. and a. [< ME. bonde, peasant, 
servant, bondman. ME. bonde occurs in its 
proper sense of 'man of inferior rank,' also 
as adj., unfree, bond (> ML. bondus, AF. bond, 
bonde), < AS. bonda, bunda, a householder, 
head of a family, husband (see husband), < 
ness of a corporation, state, etc., which is represented 
by the bonds it has issued, as distinguished from floating 
debt. Bonded warehouse, or bonded store, a build- 
. , , - 
ing or warehouse in which imported goods subject to duty, 
or goods chargeable with internal-revenue taxes, are stored 
until the importer or bonder withdraws them for exporta- 
tion without payment of duty or tax, or makes payment 
.,, , .. TO .,, ,, of the duties or taxes and takes delivery of his goods. 
Icel. bondi, contr. of boandi, buandi, a husband- bonder 1 (bon'der), n. [< bond*, v., + -*.] 1. 
man, householder (= OSw. boandi, bondi, Sw. O 116 who bonds; one who deposits goods in a 
Dan. bonde, a farmer, husbandman, peasant), bonded warehouse. 2. In masonry, a stone 
prop. ppr. (= AS. buende) of bua = AS. Man which reaches a considerable distance into or 
dwell, trans, occupy, till. From the same root entirely through a wall for the purpose of bind- 
come boor, Boer, Sower 1 , bower, boun, bound*, in g it; together : principally used when the wall 
big 2 , and ult. be*. The same element bond oc- ia fa ced with ashler for the purpose of tying 
cursunfeltin/iMs&aMd, earlier husband: see/Mis- tne facing to the rough backing. Also called 
band. The word bond, prop, a noun, acquired bond-stone. See cut under ashler. 
an adjective use from its frequent occurrence bonder 2 (bon'der), n. [Erroneously < Dan. 
as the antithesis of free. The notion of send- Sw - Norw. bonde (pi. bonder) : see_ bond 2 , n.] 
tude is not original, but is due partly to the 
inferior nature of the tenure held by the bond 
(def. 2), and partly to a confusion with the un- 
related bond 1 and bound, pp. of bind."] I.f 
ment, a corporation, or an individual. 
The South had bonds and bondholders as well as the 
North, and their bondholders have memories as well as 
ours. N. A. Rev., CXXVI. 498. 
A yeoman of Norway, Sweden, or Denmark. 
The bonders gathered to the thing as the ceorls to the 
moot. J. R. Green, Conq. of Eng., p. 55. 
-_, . - Gradually arms were taken from the hands of the free- 
1. A peasant; a churl. 2. A vassal ; a serf; men and the bonders, and they sank to the condition of 
one held in bondage to a superior. Keary, Prim. Belief, p. 458. 
II. a. If. Subject to the tenure called bond- bonderman (bon'der-man), n. Same as bon- 
age. 2. In a state of servitude or slavery; der 2 . 
not free. bondfolk (bond'fok). n. [< ME. bondefolk (= 
Whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond Sw. bondfolk = Dan. bondefolk) ; < bond 2 +folk.] 
or free - * Cor. xii. 13. Persons held in bondage. Chaucer. 
Riche & pore, free & bonde, that wol axe grace. bondholder (bond'hol'der), n. One who holds 
Hymns to the Virgin, p. 53. O r owns a bond or bonds issued by a govern- 
Lered men & lay, fre & bond of toune. ment. a cornoration. or an individual. 
Robert of Brimne, tr. by Langtoft, p. 171. 
Makyng them selues bonde to vanitie and vice at home, 
they are content to beare the yoke of seruyng straungers 
abroad. Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 72. 
3f. Servile; slavish; pertaining to or befitting bondland (bond'land), n. [< bond 2 + land.] 
a slave : as, bond fear. Land held by bondage tenure. See bondage, 
bond 2 t (bond), v. t. [< bond 2 , n. or a.] To } 
subject to bondage. bondless (bond les), a. [< bond* + -less.] 
bondage (bon'daj), . [Early mod. E. also Without bonds or fetters ; unfettered. 
boundage; < ME. bondage, AF. bondage, ML. bondlyt, adv. [< bond 2 + -ly 2 .] As a serf or 
bondagium, an inferior tenure held by a bond slave > servilely. 
or husbandman : see bond 2 , n., 2. In mod. use bondmaid (bond'mad), n. [< bond 2 + maid.] 
associated with bond* and bound*.] 1. In old 
Eng. law, villeinage; tenure of land by per- 
forming the meanest services for a superior. 
Syche bondage shalle I to theym beyde, 
To dyke and delf, here and draw, 
And to do alle unhonest deyde. 
Tou-neley Mysteries, p. 57. 
2. In Scot, agri., the state of, or services due 
by, a bondager. See bondager. 
Another set of payments consisted in services called 
bondage These were exacted either in seed-time in plough- 
ing and harrowing the proprietor's land, or in summer in 
the carriage of his coals or other fuel, and in harvest in 
bone 
If thy brother ... be waxen poor, and bo wild unto 
thee, thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond-ser- 
vant. Lev. xxv. 39. 
bond-service (bond'ser"vis), n. Service with- 
out hire, as of a bond-servant ; slavery. 
Upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bond-service. 
1 Ki. ix. 21. 
bond-slave (bond'slav), n. A person in a state 
of slavery ; one whose person and liberty are 
subjected to the authority of a master; a slave ; 
a bondman. 
bondsman 1 (bondz ' man), n. ; pi. bondsmen 
(-men). [< bond's, pos's. of bond*, + man.] 
In law, a surety; one who is bound or who 
by bond becomes surety for another. 
bondsman 2 (boudz'man), .; pi. bondsmen 
(-men). Same as bondman, 2. 
bond-stone (bond'ston), . [< bond*, 12 (a), + 
stone.] Same as bonder*, 2. 
bondswoman (bondz'wum"an), n. ; pi. bonds- 
women (-wim"en). See bondwoman. 
The senators 
Are sold for slaves, and their wives for bondswomen. 
B. Jmwon, Catiline. 
bond-tenant (bond'ten"ant), n. [< bond 2 + 
tenant.] In law, a name sometimes given to 
copyholders and customary tenants. 
bond-timber (bond'tim"ber), n. [< bondi, 12 
(b), + timber.] One of the timbers placed in 
horizontal tiers at certain.intervals in the walls 
of buildings, for fixing battens, laths, and other 
finishings of wood, and for strengthening the 
wall longitudinally. Also called chain-timber. 
bonduc-seeds (bon'duk-sedz), n. pi. [< bonduc 
(< F. bonduc, < Ar. bonduq, a hazel-nut, for- 
merly applied to some other nut ; cf . Ar. funduq 
= Hind, finduq, < Pers. funduq, finduq, OPers. 
fendak, pendak, a filbert, perhaps = Skt. win- 
daka, dim. of pinda, a ball, lump, cake) + 
seeds.] The seeds of Caisalpiiiia Bonducella, a 
common leguminous climber on tropical shores. 
They are of a clear slate-color, and are used for necklaces, 
rosaries, etc. Also called nicker-nuts. 
bondwoman (bond'wum' i 'an), . ; pi. bondwomen 
(-wim'en). [< ME. bond-womman, < 6owde(see 
bond 2 ) + womman, woman.] A female slave. 
Also improperly written bondswoman. 
bone 1 (bon), n. [= So. bane, bain; < ME. boon, 
ban, ban, bane, < AS. ban, a bone, = OS. ben = 
OFries. ben = I), been = MLG. ben. LG. been = 
OHG. MHG. G. bein, a bone, = Icel. bein = Sw. 
ben = Dan. ben, been (D. G. Icel. Sw. and 
Dan. also in sense of 'leg'); perhaps akin 
to Icel. beinn, straight.] 1. An animal tissue, 
A female slave, or a female bound to service 
without wages. 
Thy bondmen and thy bondmaid*. Lev. xxv. 44. 
bondman (bond'man), n. ; pi. bondmen (-men.) 
[ME. bondeman = l)an. bondemand; < bond 2 + 
man.] 1. In old Eng. law, a villein, or tenant 
in villeinage. 
Sometimes a farmer when seed-time was over mustered 
his bondmen for a harvest of pillage ere the time came 
for harvesting his fields. J. R. Green, Conq. of Eng. p. 56 
cutting down his crop. Agric. Survey, Kincardineshire. 
[From the foregoi 
2. A man slave, or a man bound to service 
without wages. Also improperly written bonds- 
' S 0114 1 bllndt Same as blindman's-bvf 1. 
[From the foregoing extract it will be seen that formerly v^' A ,/ -,/' ^ N a8 "'!'"."!"' s -' m l>> * 
the system had place not only, as now, between fanner bond-paper (bond'pa*per), H. A kind of thin, 
and laborer, but also between proprietor and farmer.] uncalendered paper made of extra stock, used 
of. Obligation ; tie of duty ; binding power or f or printing bonds, etc. 
lnflueilce - bond-servant (bond'ser'vant), . A slave; one 
[e must resolve by no means to be enslaved and to lie wn <> is subjected to the authority of another, 
ught under the bondage of observing oaths. Smth. and who must give his service without hire. 
Microscopical Structure of Bone. 
A, cross-section showing two Hiiversian canals, a, a, and numerous 
corpuscles. *, b. B, longitudinal section showing a, a, a, Haversian 
canals, and b t many corpuscles. 
consisting of branching cells lying in an in- 
tercellular substance made hard with earthy 
salts (consisting of calcium phosphate with 
small amounts of calcium carbonate and mag- 
nesium phosphate, etc.), and forming the sub- 
stance of the skeleton or hard framework of 
the body of most vertebrate animals, when the 
earthy salts are removed, the remaining intercellular 
substance is of cartilaginous consistency, and is called 
ossein or bone-cartilage. 
Through the substance of bone are scattered minute 
cavities the lacunae, which send out multitudinous 
ramifications, the canaliculi. The canaliculi of different 
lacuna; unite together, and thus establish a communi- 
cation between the different lacuna;. If the earthy 
matter lie extracted by dilute acids, a nucleus may be 
found In each lacuna; and, . . . not unfrequently, the 
intermediate substance appears minutely tibrillated. . . . 
In a dry bone, the lacuna) are usually filled with air. 
When a thin section of such a bone is ... covered with 
water and a thin glass, and placed under the microscope, 
the air in the lacunae refracts the light which passes 
through them in such a manner as to prevent its reach- 
ing the eye, and they appear black. ... All bones, ex- 
cept the smallest, are traversed by sniiill canals, con- 
verted by side branches into a net-work, and containing 
vessels supported hy more or less connective tissue and 
fatty matter. These are called Haversian canals. 
II ii.i-li'ii find YtnniHtiix, I'hysiol., 3;iO. 
2. One of the parts which make up the *k 
ton or framework of vertebrate animals : as, a 
bone of the leg or head. Bones of cattle mid other 
animals are extensively used In the arts in forming knife- 
handles, buttons, combs, etc., ill making size, gelatin, 
lampblack, and animal charcoal, and for various other 
purposes. They are also extensively employed as a ma- 
