bottom 
land adjacent to a river, especially when the 
river in larjje and the level area is of consider- 
able extent. Also called biitliiin-lni" 1 . 
on both shores ,,f that fruitful bottom are still to be 
seen the marks of ancient cdillrcs. 
.I.////'./,//, Travels in Italy. 
For weeks together Indians would have their squalid 
camps about Illinois Town, and in the bottaml toward the 
Big .Mound. I''. Hiirnnn. lire- p. 1" ''>. 
4. Iii iiiiniii/i. that whieh is lowest; in Penn- 
sylvania coal-wiiiing, tlie door, bottom-roekjor 
stratum on whieh a eoal-seain rests. B. The 
lower or hinder extremity of the trunk of an 
animal; the buttoeks; I he sitting part of man. 
Hence 6. The portion of a chair on which 
one wits; the seat. 
V, two chairs were alike; such high backs and low- 
backs, and li ather bottom* and Worsted lniHum*. lrrin : i. 
7. That part of a ship which is below the wales ; 
lieliee, the ship itself. 
They had a well-rigg'd Imttuni, fully maim d. 
I am Infonncd . . . that the governor . . . had deter- ground-angling. 
mined to issue a proclamation for admitting provisions in bottom-glade (bot um-glau), n. 
American botlonu, but an arrival of a vessel from Con- ] ev between hills : a dale. 
necticut prevented it. 
S. Adanu, in Bancroft's Hist. Const., I. 45s. 
at the 
They [worsted goods] should be liotlom.-il with indigo. 
tttHt, v. ic,. 
II. intrans. 1. To rest; be based. 
iin what foundation any proposition advanced botlonu. 
Lockf. 
2. To strike against the bottom or end : as, a 
piston linttiiiiix when it strikes against the end 
of the cylinder. Bottoming of gear-teeth, the 
rubbing of the points of the teeth of one of a pair of gear- 
wheels against the rim between the roots of the teeth of 
tin other : a result of a false adjustment. 
bottom-captain (bot'um-kap'tan), . In min- 
ing, the superintendent of miners in the deep- 
est working part. 
bottomed (bot'umd), a. [< bottom + -erf 2 .] 
1. Having a bottom (of the particular kind 
indicated in composition) : as, fi&t-bottomed ; 
bro&d-bottomed ; a full-bottomed wig. 2. Un- 
derlaid ; 
boudoir 
bottom-tool (bot'um-tOl), M. In turning, a tool 
with a bent end, used for working on the inside 
of the bottoms of hollow work. 
botton6 (bot-on-a'), /'. /'. Same as button;/. 
bottony (bot'on-i), n. [Also written 
botonr, < OF. liotnii in'; pp. of butmincr (F. bou- 
linini'i-), oniainent \\itli limls cir but- 
tons, < botnii, ['. linutini, a bud, but- 
qi ^-\ ton: see Imtlnu.] In /// r., decorated 
i-vx^ with buds, knobs, or buttons at the 
extremities, generally in groups of 
three, forming trefoils. Also called 
bottoned, botoned. and sometimes 
trefoiled or treffled. See cross. 
botts (botn), n. /it. See boft. 
botuliform (bot'u-li-form), a. [< L. botulus, a 
sausage (> ult. E. bowel), + forma, form.] 
Shaped like a small sausage ; allantoid. 
A Cro Bot- 
tony Or. 
ley between hills ; a dale. 
Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts 
That brow this bottom-ijlatle. Milton, Comus, 1. 532. 
Grass growing 
Anopeuval- bouche (bosn), n. [F., < OF. bouche, bmtce, 
boche, buche, etc., mouth, < L. buccu, cheek: see 
, and cf. boeca.] If. In the ancient French 
often found at the bottom of a smelting-fur- iS ground-gru. 
nace when the operation has not been skil- JjN^g.. -JM-J^JJ-gg 
fully conducted: chiefly used in reference to B a i t | c a ,,,i the Cattegat than in the open ocean - chiefly, 
copper-smelting. 10. Power of endurance; jt seems probable, on account of the shallowness of these 
stamina; native strength: as, a horse of good seas. neyc. Brit., III. 295. 
bottom. 11. Milit. : (a) A circular disk with bottoming-hole (bot'um-ing-hol), . In glass- 
holes to hold the rods in the formation of a making, the open mouth of a furnace at which 
gabion, (b) Same as 6ooi-y</a,<>. 12. In shoe- a globe of crown-glass is exposed during the 
milking, the sole, heel, and shank of a shoe ; all progress of its manufacture, in order to soften 
that is below the upper. 13. In railroads, the it and allow it to assume an oblate form, 
ballast ing about the ties. 14. A platform BUS- bottoming-tap (bot 'um-ing-tap), n. A tap 
pended from a scale, on which the thing to be used for cutting a perfect thread to the bottom 
weighed is placed. 15f. A clue or nucleus on o f a hole. 
which to wind thread; the thread so wound, bottom-land (bot'um-land), n. Same as bot- 
Bp. Warburton; Bacon. torn, 3. 
And beat me to death with a bottom of brown thread. 
SAai., T. of the s., iv. 3. 
16f. The cocoon of a silkworm. 
After making nearly a semicircle around the pond, they 
diverged from the water-course, and began to ascend to 
the level of a slight elevation In that bottom-land over 
which they journeyed. Cooper, Last of Mohicans, xxii. 
Silkworms finish their bottoua in about fifteen days. ' ' f . , .., , . , 
Mortimer, bottomless (bot um-les), a. [< bottom + -less.] 
17 In diieinq, a color applied to a fabric with Without a bottom. Hence (a) Groundless; 
a view of giving a peculiar hue to a dye which unsubstantial ; false : as, " bottomless specula- 
is to be subsequently applied. 
Sandal wood is employed, chiefly on the continent, to 
give a bottom to woolen cloth which is to be afterwards 
dyed with indigo. 
Caimrt, Dyeing and Callco-Printing, p. 131. 
At bottom, in reality, especially as opposed to external 
appearance ; fundamentally ; essentially : as, he Is sincere 
at bottom. 
tions," 
monarchy, the service of the king's table, under 
the direction of the master of the king's house- 
hold. A large number of officers of different ranks, and 
having accurately denned duties, formed this establish- 
ment. 
2. A certain allowance of provisions made by 
a king to those who obeyed nis summons to the 
field, according to the feudal system of military 
service. Hence 3t. Any supply of provisions ; 
food. Formerly corruptly bouge. 
A bombard-man that brought bouge. for a country lady 
or two that fainted, he said, with fasting. 
It. Jonnon, Masque of Love Restored. 
4. In medieval armor, a notch or indentation in 
the upper right-hand edge of the shield, allow- 
ing a weapon to be passed through it. In the 
justing shield, this was sometimes of the form of a 
diagonal slit terminating in a round hole of the size of 
the lance-shaft 
5. In ordnance, a short cylinder of copper 
placed in a counterbore in the face of the 
breech-block, and through which the vent of a 
piece of breech-loading ordnance is drilled ; a 
bushing. When this copper cylinder extends through 
the walls of the piece, It is called a nent-piece or ceitt-b<ih- 
iiuj. See bushing. 
6. The mouth of a firearm of any kind; the 
bore. 
bouche, bouch (b6sh), v. t. ; pret. and 
bouche, bouch (Wish), . t. ; pret. and pp. 
bouched, ppr. bunching. .[< boucltc^ .] To 
form or drill a new mouth or vent in, as in a 
Burlre. 
He fond but botmeteji behestes. 
Chaucer, Trollus, v. 1431. 
(b) Fathomless; unfathomable; inexhaustible: gun which has been spiked, 
as, a bottomless abyss or ocean. bouchee (bo-sha'), 11. [F., < bouche, mouth.] 
Is not my sorrow deep, having no bottom? A patty or small pie; a bonbon; any dainty 
Then lie my passions battomleM with them. supposed to be a mouthful. 
Shak., Tit. And., ill. 1. boucherf, n . [Early mod. E. also boirchyer, late 
bottom-lift (bot' urn-lift), . In mining, the ME. botcger, appar. < bouge, a bag, wallet: see 
,. 
MTMU IllUJ HIC MCI |'(l If v>i n ISVA, ni;an, wuf w ~j t j ffiv. l_ 1 
simulate the liottom and form a secret compartment. bottom-plate (bot um-plat), li. 1. The bed 
Every body was sure there was some reason for it at 
bottom. Sheridan, School for Scandal, i. 1. , ., .. , _,, , 
Bottom-discharge water-wheel, a turbine which dis- deepest or bottom tier of pumps. bouge 1 . But perhaps a var. of bowser, q. v.j 
charges the water at the bottom instead of at the sides. bottommost (bot'um-inost), a. [< bottom + treasurer; a bursar. Stonyhurst. 
-mont. Cf. topmost, etc.] Situated at the very boucherize (bo'sher-iz), r. t. ; pret. and pp. 
bottom; lowest. [Rare.] boucherised, \n()T. boucherizing. [<T Auguste Boa- 
"lottom-plate (bot'um-plat), n. 1. The bed ,//,,/, (1801-1871), a French chemist, inventor 
supporting the carriage of a printing-press. of the process, + -tie.] To impregnate (tim- 
2. The bed of knives immediately beneath the her) with sulphate of copper as a preservative, 
cylinder of a pulping-engine. It Is formed of a bouchette (bo-shef), n. [Appar. F., dim. of 
number of knife-plates placed flat against each other, b ouc hf a mouth.] In medieval armor, the large 
^w^SS!rai i \s^&~ 5^ i s!^ 1< 22Z t **' 
Between these two sets of knives the raw material, as breastplate to the upper one. fairnolt. 
rags, wood, or other substance, Is ground to pulp. bouching (bo'shing), . Same as bushing. 
3. In ordnance, a plate used in building up bouching-bit (Wshing-bit), n. [< bmiching, 
grape and canister into a cylinder ready for verbal n. of bouche, v., + Wt 1 .] An instru- 
Foading into a gun. Cast-iron top- and bottom-plates ment used for boring a hole in the vent-field 
To be at the bottom of, to underlie as a cause ; be the 
real author, source, or cause of. 
She has another lover, one Beverley, who, I am told, is 
now in Bath. Odds slanders and lies! he must be at the 
h.tiom /lt. Sheridan, The Rivals, ill. 4. 
To drain the cup to the bottom. See cup. To stand 
on one's own bottom, to be independent ; act for one's 
self. 
II. a. [Attrib. use of noun.] Situated at the 
bottom ; lowest ; undermost ; fundamental : as, 
the bottom stair; the bottom coin of a pile. 
This is the bottom fact of the whole political situation. 
Nineteenth Ceiilvry, XX. 29(1. 
Bottom heat, see i,,,it. 
bottom (bot'um), f. [< bottom, .] I. truiix. 
1. To furnish with a bottom: as, to bottom a 
shoo or a chair. 2. To found or build upon ; 
fix upon as a support ; base. 
Those false and dcccivm;: grounds upon which many 
l*itt,nii their eternal state. South. 
Action is supposed to he bottomed upon principle. 
Up. Atterbury. 
3. To fathom ; reach or get to the bottom of. 
The spirit of self-will, of insistenre on mir own views, 
which we have im>l,;i!ilv in \i r really /Wfom"/, 1,1 tv;trnl 
to principles. QMfMfNfWni AV'\. I- ;;.V. 
4f. To wind round something, as in making a 
bull of thread. 
Therefore, as you unwind her love from him, 
l.t -l it should ravel, and lie good to none. 
You must provide to ftoffoj/i it mi me. 
Shak., T. li. of V.. iii. _'. 
5. In /li/riiii/. to ilye first with a certain color 
in preparation for another. 
are uaeJ for grape, and wrought-iron ones for canister. 
Also called bottom. 
bottomry (bot'um-ri), . [Formerly also bot- 
tomrrif, buttimiari/, bottonnnarie, bodomery, etc.; 
= F. bomerie = G'. bodmerei = Dan. Sw. bwlmeri, 
< D. bodemerij, bottomry : see bottom and -ery, 
of a gun to receive the copper plug, or bouche, 
through which the vent is afterward drilled. 
Farrow, Mil. Encyc. 
oud 1 , bowd (boud), n. [< ME. bude, budde, 
boude, origin uncertain ; cf. AS. budda, 'scearn- 
, budda (occurs once improp. written scearnbu- 
-ri/.] Inmanetair,theactofborrowingmonej } M seharnblMi(le a dung-beetle.] An in- 
and pledging the bottom of a ship, that is, the j.''^ breeds in grain, a weevi i. [Pmy. 
ship itself, as security for its repayment. The p -, 
TO^^X^SS^^^BSW^ bond* (bod). [Also written too**,*, boot 
,... _- .K. etc ^ eon t r . of behooved, pret. of behoove.] A 
Scotch contraction of behooved. 
They both did cry to Him above 
To save their souls, for they boud die. 
Border MiiutreUy, III. 140. (Jamieton.) 
[P., < boudrr, pout, sulk, 
+ -<>, denoting place.] A small room to which 
a lady may retire to be alone, or in which she 
may receive her intimate friends. 
They ng to him to cory boudoir,. ^ ^^ ^ 
on a voyage, and pledging the ship as security for the 
money. If the ship is lost, the lender loses the money , 
but if the ship arrives safe, he is to receive the money lent, 
with the interest or premium stipulated, although it may 
exceed the legal rate of interest. The Uckle of the ship 
also is answerable for the debt, as well as the person of the 
iHirrower. When a loan is made upon the goods shipped, /vx'j .> , 
the borrower is -aid to take up money at /v/.i/i///-i/lm. as DOUQOir ( I>O <twor), H. 
he is Imlllnl personally to answer the contract. When the 
ship alone is pledged, the contract is called a /..<>/. i< 
iHind; but when Imtli ship and cargo are pledged, it is 
called a ,-'^i'iitl.->tti<t bond. 
A master of a ship, who had borrowed twice his money 
upon the bottoniary. Pei'iJ*, War)', II. W- 
