bouquetier 
bouquetier (bo-ke-teV ; F. pron. bd-ke-tya'), . 
[F., a nower-vase, bouquet-holder, < hom/iu I : 
see bouquet.] A bouquet-holder, especially one 
designed to bo carried in the hiind. 
bouquetin (F. pron. bii-ke-tan'). n. [F., earlier 
iMiuc-fsliiin. tioni'-d'i-xtiiiii (Cotgrave), lit. 'wool- 
goat' (fame, goat; </<, of; r.ttnin, nind. Y'.ituni. 
carded wool), but appar. nrig. a transposition 
Of G. .ill 'I Illllll-l,-, I>. Stl'l'llliol:- : WXtl'illllol:.] TllC 
Kiiropeaii ibex or stcinbok, ('fijii'd it><:f : hence, 
a name of the rock-goats of the genus lln-.r. 
bourt, bouret, Middle English forms of 
//nicer 1 . 
bourach 1 , bourock (bor'ach, -ok), . [Sc., 
alsi> written limi-rorl,; hiiorifl,', prob. dim. of 
hour, liottrc, = K. fcoirn-', i|. v. (,'f. bournch'^.] 1. 
An inclosure : applied to the lit tie houses built 
in play by children. 2. A small cot or hut. 
bourach- (boVach), . [Sc. (cf. borra, borrndl/, 
a heap of stones), < Gael, borracli, a projecting 
bank; cf. liorni, borr, a knob or bunch, biirrndli, 
a swelling. Cf. ftouroM*.] 1. A small knoll. 
//'/.'/ 2. A heap; a confused heap; a clus- 
ter, as of trees or people ; a crowd. 
bourasque (bo-rasV), . [F. /</./>, now 
lioiirnistfue = It. borasco, a stonn, tempest, 
gust : see boraxco.] A tempest ; a stonn. 
Thrsr \viv iii.-ml'.-rs i.f the lleltcr Skelter t'lub, of the 
U il.llliv club, and other aasociuti.ms formed for the ex- 
press purpose of getting rid of care and sobriety. Sueh 
.lashers occasioned many a racket in Meg's house and 
many a iHiitrnniiiip in Meg's temper. 
Scott, St. Ronan's Well, I. 27. 
Bourbon (b8r'bon), n. [< F. Bourbon, > 8p. 
Borboii, It. rfrone.] 1. A member of the last 
royal family of France, or of any of its branches. 
The family took its name from Its ancient seigniory of 
Kourhon (now Bourbon I'Archambault, in the department 
of Allier), and succeeded to the throne by collateral inheri- 
tance in 1589, in the person of Henry IV. The Bourbon 
dynasty was deposed In 1792, anil restored in 1814. The 
revolution of 1S30 brought to the throne Louis Philippe 
(\vhu was demised in 1848), of the younger or Orleans 
branch, which succeeded to all Uie claims of the family on 
the extinction of the elder brunch in 1883. A line of Hour- 
lion sovereigns has reigned in Spain (with two interrup- 
tions) since 1700, and a branch, of this line held the throne 
of Naples or the Two Sicilies from 17:tr> to 1881. 
2. One who, as was said of the Bourbons, " for- 
gets nothing and learns nothing"; hence, in 
U. S. polities, an extreme conservative; espe- 
cially, one who is behind the time and is op- 
posed to all progress: originally applied to 
certain members of the Democratic party. 3. 
[I. c.] A kind of whisky made of wheat or In- 
dian corn : originally limited to the corn-whisky 
made in Bourbon county, Kentucky. 
Bourbonian (bor-bo'ni-an), . Of or pertain- 
ing to the family or dynasties of the Bourbons. 
Bourbonism (bor'bgn-izm), n. [< Bourbon + 
-im ; = F. Bourbonistne.] 1. The opinions of 
those who adhere to the house of Bourbon ; 
legitimism. 2. In U. X. politico, obstinate con- 
servatism ; opposition to progress. 
Bourbonist (b8r'bou-ist), . [< Bourbon + 
-ist ; = F. Bowfroftfefe.] One who supports the 
claims of the members of the house of Bour- 
bon to the thrones they held ; specifically, a 
supporter of the claims of the members of this 
family to the throne of France. 
Bourbon palm. See palm. 
bourd't (bord), H. [Early mod. E. also boward, 
boordc, < ME. boorde, bourde, borde, burde 
MD. boerde, D. boert = OFries. bord = LG. boert, 
a jest, < OF. bourde, borde, mockery, banter, 
jest, F. bourde, bouncer, humbug, = Pr. borda, 
a jest, a cheat, a lie ; cf. Bret, bourd, a jest (prob. 
< F.), Gael, tmtrte, a gibe, taunt, hurt, biiirt, 
mockery, = Ir. bitirt, a gibe, taunt. Origin and 
relations uncertain.] 1. A jest; a joke; fun. 
Whether our maister speake earnest or borde. 
I'dall, Roister DoUter, i. 4. 
c.ramiT. y, lltirrill, for thy company, 
For all thy jests, and all thy merry bortrdn. 
[>rayton. Shepherd's Garland, p. 53. 
2. Mockery; scoffing. 
bourdH (bord), c. [< ME. binirden, < OF. boiir- 
<lc>\ sport; from the noun: see bounft, n.] I. 
iiitrinix. To jest; joke; say things in jest. 
My wit ia greet, th.'iiu'h that I l*:i-<1-- and pleye. 
l'lniii,;-i: I'anl. HUT'S Tale, 1. :l|i'i. 
II. trans. To make game of. 
Shew 
i'.nt all) IraM a\< IMOII in \uiir l.uk 
To him that tHiuni* y.>n ii"\t. and your throat open*. 
II. .In ii.-'.. ii, Catiline, i. 1. 
bourd'-'t, n. Aii obsolete variant of board. 
bourdert (bor'der), n. [Early mod. E. ;i!s<> 
liiinnl, r. bonnier, liourdniir ; < ME. bonrdonr. 
burdouri; bonlere, etc., < AF. bmirilnur, OF. 
643 
bordeor. a jester, < bonrdi-r, bordi-r, jest : sec 
bonrd 1 .] A jester; a joker; a buffoon. 
bourdon 1 (bdr'don), . [< ME. l>oiiriliiH,< OF. 
liiiiii-don = Pr. bo'i-ilo = Sp. lion/on = Pg. bonlm, 
= It. bordone, a staff, prob. < LL. hurdo(n-), an 
ass, mule; cf. Sp. iim/iln. a crutch, prop, sup- 
purl, a particular use of ninli-ln, tVni. dim. of 
iiiiiln, a mule.] 1. () A staff used by pilgrims 
in the mil lil leases, {h) A Imtnnoi-cuiitoralstaff. 
(r) A plain thick silver wand used as a badge of 
office. 2. Alanco USIM! in the just. See //'<<. 
3. In her., a pilgrim's gtaff used as a bearing. 
bourdon- (Imr'don), 11. [< MK. laiiinloH, bur- 
doun, lii'i'iliiiiii. \ (>F. liiitiriliiii, mod. F. Itoiir- 
ilini, drone of a bagpipe, bass in music, = Sp. 
bordon = Pg. liorddo = It. bordone, < ML. bur- 
iln(n-), a drone. The E. word is now biu-ii'n, 
the refrain of a song: see /IMIV/<- :I .] In 
(a) The drone of a bagpipe, or a monotonous 
and repetitious grouna-melody. See biirdi :l . 
(b) An organ-stop, usually of 16-feet tone, the 
pipes of which are generally made of wood, and 
produce hollow, smooth tones, deficient in har- 
monics and easily blended with other tones. 
bourdon 2 (bor'don), r. i. [< bourdon-, .] In 
ii; to drone," as an instrument during a 
pause in singing. 
bourdonasset, u. [< OF. tottntoMMfc < bour- 
don, a staff: see bourdon 1 .} A lance having a 
light hollow handle of great diameter: appa- 
rently the same as bourdon 1 , '2. 
bourdonn6 (bor-do-na'), a. [OF., < bourdon, a 
staff.] In her., terminating in knobs or balls: 
as, a bourdonne cross, which is the same as a 
cross pomm^e. See pcunnt^e. 
bourgi (borg), H. [F., < ML. burgus, < OHG. 
MHG. bare, G. bury = E. boroualt 1 , q. v. Cf. 
bury 1 , burgh.] Atown; aborough: chiefly with 
reference to French towns. [Rare.] 
Ye think the rustic cackle of your tmury 
Tlie murmur of the world ! Ten;/*on, ticraint. 
Bourg 2 (borg), H. A name given to the red wine 
of a Targe district in France in the department 
of Gironde, on the north bank of the Uordogne. 
bourgade (bor-giid'), n. [F., < bounj, a town, 
market-town: see bour<j l .~\ A straggling vil- 
lage ; a small French or Swiss market-town. 
The canton consists only of villages ami little towns or 
bouryadef. J. Attaint, Works, IV. si 
bourgeois 1 (bor-zhwo'). " and . [P., mod. 
form of OF. burgeis, a citizen^ > E. burgcsx, q. 
v.] I. w. 1. In France, a citizen; a burgher; 
a man of middle rank. 2. A small French 
coin of the fourteenth century. The Uounjeou 
rimple was worth about a cent and a half, the bonrgfoul 
fort twice as much. 
H. a. 1. Belonging to or consisting of trades- 
people or citizens of middle rank : as, bourgeois 
surroundings; the bourgeois class of France. 
Hence 2. Wanting in dignity or refinement; 
common; mean. 
We have no word in English that will exactly define 
this want of propriety in diction. Vulgar is too strong, 
and commonplace too weak. Perhaps lunirtjeoui comes 
as near as any. /."/'. Among my Itooks, 1st ser., p. 20. 
bourgeois 2 , burgeois (ber-jois'). " [Supposed 
to be so called from a type-founder named 
Bourgeois: see bourgeois*. The F. name for 
this type is gaillarde: see gailliardr, gnlliiird.'} 
A size of printing-type measuring about 100 
lines to the foot, next larger than brevier and 
smaller than long-primer. 
This line is printed in bourgeois. 
bourgeoisie (bor-zhwo-ze'), . [F., < bour- 
iieois, a citizen : see bourgt-oisi.] Properly, the 
French middle classes, but often applied to the 
middle classes of any country, especially those 
depending on trade. 
There is no bmirgeoinie to speak of ; immediately after 
the aristocracy come the poor people, who are very poor 
indi-i-il. //. Jawex, Jr., Trans. Sketches, p. 203. 
bourgeon, n. and r. See burgeon. 
bourgignot, bourginot, . Variants of burgn- 
itet. 
Bourguignon (F. pron. bor-ge-nyoii'), H. [F., 
< Hourgoijin-. Burgundy.] A native or an inhab- 
itant of Burgundy; aBnrgundian. 
Bourignian (b8-rin'yan), <i. Pertaining to the 
Bourignonists or to their doctrines. 
Bourignonist (bO-rin'yon-ist). n. One of a sect 
founded by Antoinette Bourigiion (1616-80), 
a religious enthusiast who assumed the Au- 
ijnstinian habit, and traveled in France, Hol- 
land, England, and Scotland, she maintained that 
Christianity <lo> nut t.<n>i>t in faitli ami prartii'e. but in 
inartl fi'ciiii^ an-1 supernatural impulse. 
bourn 1 , bourne 1 (born), . [Early mod. E. also 
Ixnirnf, horn/ . < M K. linnrni , liorm . var. of earlier 
bouse 
biirne (whence the rc^. northern form bunt-, q. 
V.), < AS. IHII-III, bin-Hii. a stream: see burn". 
Cf. K. mourn. < AS. iniirniiii.] A stream; a 
brook: same as /</"'-'. 
Come o'er the fclil/i'ii, !'..->, t.. me. 
.S/..it. , Lear, ill. ti 
I In \v..i .1 . MI - iii \ai i,.ii* j.la. . M antes in 'it. at llrltain, 
'il' (tbat K m.'iitb >.f tin- bum ..r rmilet). 
HY.<"*"' ,-!,, ete. | 
bourn-, bourne- (I'orn or liiirn), . [Karlymod. 
!:. also liorin- : < F. />//. fiirnierly also bourn' , :< 
var. of OF. lunlm , lionne, a limit, bound, ln.nn 
d:iry. > E. frown*/ 1 , q. v.] Abound: limit; desti- 
nation; goal: as, "beyond the 6orw of sunset," 
l'i iiiii/sini. Princess, Conclusion. 
The nn.li-e.nere.1 nnintry, fr.miwh.ise I*, urn 
So traveller return* Shall., Hamlet, iii. I 
There at last it lay, the bmrn .if my long an. I ear> 
pilgrimage, realizing the plans and li<i|>r* of many ami 
K. f. /liii-t.in. Kl-Me.linah, p. 389. 
bourn- 1 , bourne 3 (born), f. t. See bom'-. 
bournless (born'- or born'les), . [< bourn* + 
-Irxx.] Having no bourn or limit. [Kare.] 
bournonite (biir' no-nit), n. [After Count de 
Ho n i- mm, a. Frencfi' mineralogist (1751-1825).] 
A sulphid of antimony, lead, and copper, of 
a steel-gray color and brilliant metallic luster, 
found in the Harz mountains, Cornwall, and 
Mexico. Whetl-ore Is a variety which owes its name to 
the form of the twin crystals, resembling a cog-wheel. 
Also called endrtlionite. 
houmous (bor-noV), n. A French spelling of 
burnoose. 
bourock, . See bourach 1 . 
bourran, . See buran. 
bourree(bo-ra'), n. [F. : see boree.] 1. A lively 
dance, originating either in Auvergne or in Bis- 
cay. 2. A musical composition in which the 
strict rhythm and cheerful character of such a 
dance are embodied, it is usually written in duple 
rhythm, the phrases being two measures long, lieginning 
with the last half of the 
up-beat. It was much 
used as one meml>er of 
the old-fashioned #wnv, 
and U still popular as a 
form of comjiosition. It 
is allied to the garat. 
bourrelet (Mr -la'), 
w. [F. : see burlet.] 
1. The stuffed roll 
(see burlet) which 
formed a part of fe- 
male head-dress in 
the fourteenth cen- 
tury. 2. In milit. 
costume, a wreath or 
turban of stuff, worn 
upon the helmet. 
3. In hrr. See tortil. 
bourse (Mrs), H. [F., 
a purse, bursary, 
an exchange, < OF. 
horse, < ML. Imrsa, a 
purse, bag, etc.: see burxe, purse.] I. A stook 
exchange; specifically, the stock exchange of 
Paris, and hence used of continental European 
exchanges in general. 
Fraternities and companies I approve of, as merchants' 
Irfiuritet, colleges of druggists, physicians, musicians, etc. 
Burtna, Anat. of Mel., To the Keader, p. 05. 
2f. The bag of a wig. See 6m/ 1 , 3. 
hour-tree (bor'tre), n. [Sc., also spelled bur- 
tree, bore-tree, and boun-tree, and formerly burt- 
tret, < ME. burlre, < bur- (uncertain, but not, 
as supposed by some, < borel, as if from the use 
of elder-twigs, with the pith removed, as tubes ; 
cf. Sc. bourtree-, bountry-gun, an air-gun of el- 
der) + tree.] A Scotch name of the elder-tree, 
Sambucux nigra. Bourtree-gun, a pop-gun or bean- 
shooter made of the wood of the bour-tree after the pith 
has been removed. 
bousa (bo'sii), w. Same as ftpra. 
bouse 1 (bouz, also boz, but in the latter pron. 
usually written boo:e), r. ; pret. and pp. boused, 
ppr. bousing. [Also written botcse, bou:e, and 
also, repr. the now most common though dial, 
pron., boose, booze ; early mod. E. bouse, botcse, 
< ME. hoMxi-n (rare), appar. < MD. buxen, later 
buitten, buysen = G. batmen, drink, guzzle; cf. 
MD. buixe, a large drinking-vessel, appar. iden- 
tical with D. huix, a tube, pipe, conduit, chan- 
nel. Cf . bus, a box, barrel, and see 6os 2 , 6<>x-. ] 
Same as boozf, which is now the usual form. 
As though bold Robin Hood 
Would, with bis M.,i, I Marian, 
Sup ami '-" " from horn ami can. 
A'.viN. Lines on the Mermaid Tavern. 
bouse 1 (bouz, also bdz. but in the latter pron. 
usually written 7c>. q. v. t. n. Same as boo:e. 
\ /,i/xf * n. .! Mo t.'ba. 
I/, ,-..'... V Way ti I'ay Hid Oebta, L 1. 
Bourrelet in head-dress c . . 
Isabeau of Bavaria : about v 
! l-rom Viollet-le-Duc's " Diet. 
Mubillcr fr.HH.Lis." 
