branchiostege 
operculum anil covers tin- Rills; the brarichios- 
legal membrane, ll is supported liy the bran- 
chiostegal riiys. [Unusual.] 
Branchiostegi (bnuig ki-os'te-ji), y'. [NL., 
pi. of briiiirliioKtri/HH : see braneliiostege,} In 
Artedi's iclilhyological system, an order of 
bony fishes erroneously supposed to have no 
braiichioHtogalrays. itiiu-iiulrii hi-i;. i,,n, /;./;/(.,., 
tt<t,-tt'-i". r^./i./if.-n'*, anil l,i>hittx, that is, tin- plei IUL; 
natltoiis and |K-dieiilate llshes. \\ ith other hetiToueiieuiis 
I. iinl The liiaiLchial apertures are innrli aarmwed, and 
thr branelli'isleual lays ami liraliediie are entilvK iiiU'rual 
and rnn.'ral.'.l. 
branchiostegite (brang-ki-os'te-jit), . [< 
liriiiii-liin.iti-iir + -Hi--.'] In I'l-iiMlaeea, a free 
pleura! part of the carapace in relation with 
llir hranclme, forming a cover for the gills and 
bounding the branchial chamber exteriorly. 
If thr in '///AMM/. ./I/, is cut away along the groove, it 
will he found that it in attached to the sides (it thr head. 
whieh projects a little beyond the anterior part of tin 1 
thorav. Iliiflry, Crayfish, p. SO. 
branchiostegOUS (braug-ki-os'te-gus), a. [< 
liruiicliiostni, + -,v.] 1. Having covered gills : 
as, a braiiehinnti-anus fish. 2. Covering the 
gills: as, the hranchiostegous membrane. 
Alsn hniiiclnaxli-iiuii. 
Branchiostoma (brang-ki-os'to-ma), . [XL., 
<Gr. [i/idyxia, gills, + arti/ia, mouth: see stomti.] 
1. A genus of leptocardians in which the mouth 
is surrounded by fringes, which were at one 
time erroneously supposed to have the fnnc- 
Head of Lancelot ^Rratichiostatna, or Amphioxus, 
enlarged. 
a, notochord: *, representatives of fin-rays, or neural spines; (, 
jointed oral ring ; rf, filamentary appendages of the mouth ; t t ciliated 
lobes of pharynx ; /, e, part of branchial sac ; A, A, spinal cord. 
tious of brauchise: synonymous with Amjilii- 
OXUS. It represent* a special family, Braitctiiimtomida', 
un order Pnartfny"ln-<tncrti! or Cirroxtomi, a class Li-j-t"- 
urilii, ami a superclass Acrania, of vertebrate animals. 
See these words, and . I inphiaxus. 
2. A genus of myriapods. Newport, 1846. 
branchiostomatous ( Drang'ki-os-to'ma-tus), . 
Same as liriiiifhiontoiiioug. 
branchiostome (brang'ki-os-tom), M. A mem- 
ber of the genus Branchiostoma ; an amphioxus 
or lancelrt. 
branchiostoniid (brang-ki-os'to-mid), n. Alep- 
tocardian of the family Branchwstoniidtr. 
Branchiostomidae (brang'ki-os-tom'i-de), n. 
lit. [XL., < BraneMottoma + -ida-.] The only 
known family of leptocardian vertebrates, 
represented by the genus Branchiontoma. The 
li.nh is compressed and elonirute-fnsiforui, being pointed 
behind as well as in front, inui is naked and colorless, with 
very evident transverse muscular lines and with slightly 
developed fln-folds l>ehini|. Ni> paired eyes are developed', 
an. I the mouth is simply an inferior elongated slit sur- 
rounded by eirri. The species burrow in the sand, ami 
1robably live in all warm seas. Srr .|,,^.AM.T",< ami ln,n-. 
tt, the former being a synonym of Branchiostoma and the 
latter a iiopular name of the species, 
branchiostomoid (brang-ki-os'to-moid), a. and 
H. I. a. Of or having characteristics of the 
Itt'lttlftliostlHIlilltt'. 
II. n. A braiichiostomid. 
branchiostomqus (hrang-ki-os'to-mus), a. [< 
Gr. ji/M'j'x'a, gills, + OTO/I, mouth.] Having 
cirri (as if branehia?) about the month ; pertain- 
ing to or having the characters of the firinirlii- 
Ottomidte. Also branehioHttnimtiHis. 
Branchiotoca (brang-ki-ot'o-kji), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. V'<; t'". gills. + row*;, birth.] In Owen's 
classification of vertebrates, a seriesorso-calleil 
" genetic section " containing those which have 
gills at birth, whence the name, it included an 
Hie amphibians, fishes, and llsh-likc vertebrates, and is 
tbii.s equivalent to /cA//ii/"/'./'/" (uhieh see). It \\a> un 
tra^tt'il itb l'n''iiit<"-ti (birds an<l replilrM 
branchiotOCOUS (brang-ki-ot'o-kns), ii. Per- 
taining to or having the characters of the 
lii'tiitctiiotocft, 
branchiotroch (brang'ki-o-trok), n. [< (!r. 
li/KJj.rm, gills, + r/>o;fof, a wheel.] The post- 
oral or branchial division of a trochosphere, as 
distinguisheil from the preoral 
Ml 
branchiotrochal (brang-ki-ot 'ro-kal), ii. [< 
iiriiiirliiniriM-li + -ni.'] 1. Of or pertaining to 
a bvancliiotrooh : as, brinii-liinlrni'liiil cilia. 2. 
Having a branchiotroch, as a poly/nan. 
Branchipodidae (brang-ki-pod'i-de), . /./. 
[NL., < l!rtiii<-liii>nx (-//-) + -</.] A family 
of tin- Branekiopoda (Pkfttopoda). The eyes are 
-talk. -.1 in JI...IUMI ulaii'il. there U no carapace, und the 
annual-, -u im upon their bucks. The family is lepie 
sented by tile genera Bruin-lii/,,'* and A>t>itiiti. 
Branchipus (brang'ki-pus), H. [KL.,al80, and 
prop., nrtattUwtH (cf. Hi-mi i-liin/iiiilti) ;< Ur. 
\'ia, gills, -r ~oi'f (rod-) = E. foot.] The 
typical genus of the family lirinirhiiiiiiHilii: Tin- 
thoracic seKinents are all free; the head resemble* that 
of an edriophthalntoiu crtutacean, hut carries a pair of 
large stalked eyes ; there are two antennules (peculiarly 
modified in the male), two antenna;, one pairof mantliM. - 
and two iialrs of maxilla?, diiroffphaliu U a synonym. 
branchireme (brang'ki-rem), . [< L. braii- 
rhiu; gills, + rrmus, an oar, hand or foot of a 
swimmer.] A crustacean having branchial 
legs, or legs with branchin attached to them ; 
a branchiopod. 
Branchiura (brang-ki-u'ril), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
\ia, gills, + oi i pA, tail.] A suborder of 
parasitic crustaceans, of the order Siphomi- 
Ktoma ; the carp-lice. It consists of the sinitle family 
I , mliilce, haviiiK larve coni|M>uud eyes, a IOIIK pmtnulle 
spine in front of the suctorial tulie of the mouth, and four 
pairs of elongated hiramous swimming-feet. But the Ar- 
>iulid(f are by most authors referred to the RraiifhiitpiMtn. 
branchiurous (brang-ki-u'rus), a. Pertaining 
to or having the characters of the Branchiura. 
branch-leaf (branch'lef), . A leaf growing 
(fii a branch. 
branchless ( branch'les), a. [< branch + -less.'] 
Destitute of branches or shoots; barren; bare; 
naked. 
If I lose mine honour, 
I lose myself : better I were not youn, 
Than yours so braiichlfw. .S'AoJb., A. and i '.. iii. 4. 
branchlet (branch'let), n. [< branch + dim. 
let."] A little branch ; a twig ; a subdivision 
of a branch. 
Making the leaves in the woods flutter on their branch- 
Mi. C. F. Woolmn, Anne, p. 4. 
branch-pilot (branch'pi'lot), . A pilot pos- 
sessing a diploma or certificate of competency 
from the proper authority. See branch, I., 4. 
branch-point (branch/point), n. In math., a 
point upon a Biemann's surface such that, in 
going around it, the values of a function are 
interchanged. 
branchstand (branch'stand), i\ t. In falconry, 
to make (a hawk) take the branch, or leap from 
tree to tree, till the dog springs the game. 
branchT (bran'chi), a. [< branch + -i.] 
1. Full of branches; having wide-spreading 
branches. 
The fat earth feed thy branchy root 
Tennyton, Talking oak. 
2. Embowered in or overshadowed by 
branches: as, "the woodman's branchy hut, 
J. Baillie. 
brand (brand), H. [< ME. brand, brand, < AS. 
brand, brond, a burning, a sword (= OFries. 
brand = OD. brand, a burning, a sword. 1). 
brand, a burning, fuel, = MLG. brant = OHG. 
MHG. brant, G. brand, a burning, a brand, a 
sword, = Icel. brandr, a firebrand, a sword, = 
Sw. brand = Dan. brand, a firebrand, fire)> orig. 
a burning, < *brinuan (pret, bran) = Goth. 6n'i- 
nan, etc., burn : see burn 1 . Hence, from OHG., 
in the sense of 'sword,' OF. brand, brant, bran 
= Pr. bran = It. brando, a sword (> OF. bnni- 
ilir, etc., brandish: see brandish), F. brandiin, 
a torch, brand: see brundon^. See also brunt'-, 
brruft, liriiKli'd."] 1. A burning piece of wood, 
or a stick or piece of wood partly burned. 
Is not this a brand plucked out of the tire : /. rh. iii. .'. 
The deep-mouthed chimney, dimly lit by dying bmmfc. 
U'Httier, (iarrison of Cape Ann. 
2. A sword. [Now only poetical.] 
Then drew he forth the brawl Excalihur. 
'/' itn'inon t Morte d'Arthur. 
3. A mark made by burning with a hot iron, 
as upon a cask, to indicate the manufacturer 
or the quality of the contents, etc.. or upon an 
animal as a means of identification ; a trade- 
mark ; hence, a mark made in other ways than 
by burning, as by cutting or painting. 4. 
(Duality or kind, as indicated by a brand: as, 
flour of a good brand. 
Any quantity of tiin]H>wdcr so finished or blended as to 
give identical results at proof U termed a brand, and re- 
. i i\es a distinctive nnmlicr. Brit., XI. 328. 
5. A mark formerly put upon criminals with 
a hot iron, generally to indicate the character 
brand-iron 
of their crime and for identification ; 
any mark of infamy; a stigma. 
i.iM. tin- I, mi,. MI- ha; these petty braadi 
That calumny doth n-e. .s'AnJr., W. T., II. J. 
Tories ami Whig* had mud ... In putting a 
'. a l.udiou. M i.t. Kng., xiv. 
6. A disease of plants which usually appearx 
as blackish pustules, resembling Imrin-d >pot-. 
the cause of the disease being some parasitic 
fungus. The term is usually restricted t.. the 1. 1, ML, 
-p,,rii slat'- "f tlliiLl I.. l..h;lh.. I.. III. /,../,,,,.. \l-. 
called rii*r, mini, and hum. Bladder-brand. Haine a. 
hMH.1, 
brand (brand), r. t. [< MK. briiiiilfn, briinilitu 
= D. branden ; from the noun.] 1. To burn or 
impress a mark upon with, or as if with, a hot 
iron. 
Catholicism has i ' into the national heart 
of Ireland ami Poland by the sufferings they have endured 
from tile enemies of their race anil faith. 
//. .V. ll.r.;,l,nm. Shi.lt Studies, p. 388. 
2. To mark in some other way, as with a pig- 
ment: as, to brand sheep. 3". To mark with 
a hot iron as a punishment for crime. 
The thief with brantled palms, and the liar with cheeks 
abashed. Striiihtirn>', la Time of Revolution. 
[Branding was formerly a punishment for various of- 
fenses, hut is no longer practised in civilized countries. I 
4. To fix a mark or character of infamy upon ; 
stigmatize as infamous: as, to hi-nml an act 
with infamy. 
Enormities braiulfd and condemned by the first ami 
most natural verdict of common humanity. Smith. 
We find the sober and the industrious branded hy the 
vain and the Hie with this odious appellation [miserl. 
Gotdnuitk, The Be, No. X. 
branded (bran'ded), (i. [A form of brinded, q. 
v., suiting its ultimate source, brand.'} 1. Brin- 
dled; of a reddish-brown color. [Scotch.] 
2. In rod'/., marked as if branded or colored. 
Branded drum, a scirenoid fish, Seiirna ocxllata, with 
brand-like spota at the root of the tail. See rfrum, and cut 
under r(ilfi*h. 
brandenburg(bran'den-berg), H. [Named from 
Brandenburg in Germany.] 1. A kind of orna- 
mental buttons with loops, worn on the front of 
a man's coat. See frog. 2. An ornamental 
facing on a military coat, having somewhat 
the character of the preceding, and forming 
parallel bars of embroidery: peculiar to cer- 
tain uniforms, such as those worn by hussars 
and the like. 
Brandenburg porcelain. See porcelain. 
brander 1 (bran'der), H. [< brand, r., + -er l .~] 
1. One who brands. 2. [G. brander, < D. bran- 
der, a fire-ship, = E. brander 1 .} A name ap- 
plied in German universities to a student dur- 
ing his second term. Longfellow. 
brander 2 (bran'der), H. [Shortened from ME. 
brandire, brand-iron : see brand-iron. Cf . brand- 
rith.] 1. A gridiron. [Scotch.] 2. Same as 
brandrith, 3. [North. Eng.] 
brander- (bran'der), r. [< brander 2 , n.] I. 
trans. To broil on a brander or gridiron ; grill. 
[Scotch.] 
II. intrans. To be or become broiled on a 
gridiron. [Scotch.] 
There's no muclcle left on the spule-hane ; it will bratuler 
though ; it will brander vera weel. 
Hciitt, Bride of Lammennoor, I. iTiii. 
brandering (bran'der-ing), . [< brander^ a 
gridiron, -inyl.] The operation of covering 
the under side of joists with battens, to which 
laths can be fastened to give a better hold to 
the plastering. 
brand-goose (brand'gfis), H. Hame as brent- 
goose. 
brandied (bran'did), a. [< brandy + -erf 2 .] 
Mingled with brandy: made stronger by the 
addition of brandy; flavored or treated with 
brandy. -Brandied fruit, fruit preserved with the ad 
dition of brandy I" the syrup. 
brandify (brmn'di-fl), v. t. ; pret. and pp. bran- 
dified, ppr. brandifying. [< brandy + -fy.] To 
brandy ; mix brandy with. 
You drink three glasses of a brandyjied liquor called 
sherry at dinner. Tbaclceray, Early and Late Papers. 
branding-iron (bran'ding-I'ern), M. Same as 
briind-iron, 3. 
brand-iron (brand'I'ern), . [< ME. brandirru. 
brontliroii, hmndhirne, also brandire, brondyn- 
(> Sc. brander, a gridiron: see brander 2 ), etc., < 
AS. brandisen (= D. brandij:cr = MHG. briiiil- 
i:cn, G. brandeiseH = ODan. brandejarn = Sw. 
brandjcrn, a trivet), an andiron,< brand, a brand. 
+ iscn, iron: see brand and iron. Cf. brtiHil- 
rith.} 1. An iron bar or stand on which to 
support brands or burning wood ; an andiron. 
A massy old . . . brand-iron about a yard and a half 
wide, and the two upright ends three feet sin inches high. 
If. llmrill. Remarkable I'laces (1842), I. l 
