breviary 
rangellK'nl, either of I'l-rliiln ivli-jion, ( ,P|.I~ en- loral. 
often of hi.-tori< al int'-rcst. 
3. A name given to similar compilations u-.-il 
in the Ureek and Oriental churches Absolu- 
tions In the breviary. See abtutuiimi. Breviary of 
Alaiic, :i compilation of tin- uriuni ami imuiitt.-n latt* 
of Itotiir, iiiadr- liy A] arii- II., kin^of the Visigoths, A. D. 500. 
breviatet, < ' [< L. oreotattu, pp. ni' in-i-i-inn. 
shorti'ii, < tin ris, short. Cf. iihlin riiiti ami ln-i-rt-. 
V.] To abrillgl 1 . SllfriCnnil. Sri' <;///)/< /(/ . 
breviatet, breviatt, ". [< L. i-rri<tt H x, /,,< via- 
tum, neut., m>. of breviare, shorten: see the 
verb.] 1. A short compcnd; a brief state- 
ment; a suminiiry. 
I will give you it Itrreutt of all that hath bt-en spoken. 
n, Family of Love, v. 3. 
'I'll.' same little brteiatr* of Infidelity have . . . been 
published :iiiil dNpiTxcd ith jjreat activity. 
Ilj>. l'"if""i-. i hargi 1 to Diocese of London. 
2. A lawyer's brief. S. Butler. 
breviature (bre' vi-a-tur), n. [< breviate + 
-nrc.] An abbreviation. Johnson. [Rare.] 
brevicaudate (brey-i-ka'dat), a. [< L. brevis, 
short, + vuutla, tail.] Having a short tail; 
brachyuvous. 
Breviceps (brey'i-seps), n. [NL., < L. br< ris, 
short, + caput, in comp. -ceps (-cipit-), head.] 
A genus of tailless amphibians, typical of the 
family BrggMpitfda, 
brevicipitid (brev-i-sip'i-tid), n. A toad-like 
amphibian of the family lirericipitidce. 
Brevicipitidae (brev'i-si-pit'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Breuieeps (-cipit-) + -idw.] A family of firmister- 
nial salient amphibians, typified by the genus 
Breviceps. They have dilated sucral dlapophyses, pre- 
coracolds, the coracoids directed moderately backward 
and much dilated forward on the epicoracoid cartilage, 
and no teeth in the upper jaw. The species are few and 
are confined to Africa. Also written Brf.cir*pul<v. 
breviductor (brev-i-duk'tor), H. [NL., < L. bre- 
vis, short, + dtictor, leader.] The short ad- 
ductprial muscle of the thigh; the adductor 
brevis. [Rare.] 
brevier (bre-ver'), . [So called from being 
used in printing breviaries; < G. brevier, < F. 
brfyiaire, < L. breriariunt, a breviary: see brevi- 
ary.'] 1. A size of printing-type measuring 112 
lines to the foot, next larger than minion and 
smaller than bourgeois. The larger type of 
this Dictionary, as in the present paragraph, is 
brevier. 2. Figuratively, something smaller 
than another taken as a norm, tones. Key to 
N. A. Birds. 
breviflexor (brev-i-flek'sor), n. [NL., < L. 
brevis, short, + NL. flexor.] A short flexor 
muscle. [Rare.] See flexor Breviflexor digl- 
toriim, the short flexor of the toes. Also called Jtcxor 
brevudiijitorum. Breviflexor hallucls, the short flexor 
of the great toe. Also called Jtexor breoix i>oltici* vtdi*. 
Breviflexor minimi, the short flexor of the little flutter 
or the little toe. Also called fle-xor bred* minimi ditfiti. 
Breviflexor pollicls, the s,hort flexor of the thu'mh. 
Also called flexor breoix pollicin. 
brevifoliate (brev-i-fo'li-at), a. [< L. brevis, 
short, + folium, leaf : see foliate.] In bot., hav- 
ing short leaves. 
brevilingual (brev-i-ling'gwal), a. [< L. brevis, 
short, + lingua = E. tongue."} Having a short 
or small tongue ; specifically, of or pertaining 
to the Brcvilinyucs or Brerilini/iiia. 
Brevilingues (brev-i-ling'gwgz), H. pi. [NL., 
pi. of breviliiifjuis, short-tongued, < L. brevis, 
short, + lingua = E. tongue.] In Merrem's 
classification (1813), a group of birds including 
the hoopoes and kingfishers, or the Upuptila- 
and AleeiliniiliK of modern authors. 
Brevilinguia (brev-i-ling'gwi-S,), n. pi. [NL., 
neut. pi. of breviliiiguis, short-tongued: see 
Brevilingues.] In some systems of classification, 
a group of Lacerti/ia, or lizards, comprising 
those with an elongated and sometimes snake- 
like body, a short tongue, and generally eye- 
lids: cnnlrjist rd with Fissiliiiguia, CrassUinguia, 
yrnii'liiiifnin, etc. 
breviloquence (bre-vil'o-kwens), . [< L. brr- 
rilixjiifiitid. < hi-<'i'i/:,</ii< : n(t-)s, short-speaking, 
< brevif. short, + liMiuens, ppr. of loqui, speak.] 
A brief or laconic mode of speaking. [Rare.] 
brevi maim (bre'-vi ma'nu). [L., lit. with a 
short hand: brevi, abl. of brevis, short; ninini. 
abl. of niaiiHx, hand: see brief and manual.] 
1. Offhand; immediately; without delay; at 
once. 2. At or by one's own hand; without 
the intervention of another; specifically, in 
Nco/v luir, on one's own authority, or without 
legal warrant. 
breviped (brev'i-ped), a. and . [< L. l> 
short, + ties ( />ed-) = E. foot.] I. . In ornith., 
having short feet. 
II. ii. A bird having short feet. 
677 
brevipen (brev'i-pen), . [< NL. breripennis : 
see Sr< ///" /uu-*.] A bird having short wings; 
specifically, one of the Mm i/,, nn/ii,i or , 
ne nncs. 
Brevipennatae (brev'i-pe-na'te), . ///. [XL.. 
fern. pi. of brevipennatus, short-winged: see 
brei-ipeiimitr] A group of brachypterous or 
short-winged web-footed birds, the Bradtyptt- 
res or Pygopodes, including the penguins, anks, 
guillemots, loons, and grebes. [Not in use.] 
brevipennate (brev-t-pen'it). a. and n. [< ^fL. 
bri-ripriinahu, < L. brerin, short, + nennatun, 
winged: see pennate.] I. a. Having short 
wings ; brachypterous ; specifically, of or per- 
taining to the Brerijicnnatce or Breeipi-nin.*. 
II. 11. A bird having short wings. 
Brevipennes (brev-i-pen'ez), H. pi. [NL., pi. 
of brevijiennis, < L. brevis, short, + penna, wing: 
see pen 1 .] In Cuvier's classification of birds, 
the first family of Grallic, comprising the os- 
triches and cassowaries, emus, dodos, and di- 
dine birds, and the apteryx : an artificial group, 
but in the main the same as fitrutniones or Ba- 
tita: 
brevirostral (brev-i-ros'tral), a. Same as bre- 
ttttttratt. 
brevirostrate (brev-i-ros'trat), a. [< L. brevis, 
short, + rostrutus, beaked, < rostrum, beak.] 
In ornith., having a short bill. 
Brevirostres (brev-i-ros'trez), . pi. [NL., < 
L. brevis, short, + rostrum, beak.] In Sunde- 
vall's classification of birds, a synonym of his 
Cursores. 
brevity (brev'i-ti), n. [< L. brevitas, < brevis, 
short.] 1. Shortness ; especially, surprising or 
excessive curtailment of the tiling spoken of: 
as, the brevity of human life. Specifically 2. 
Shortness in speech or writing ; conciseness ; 
condensation into few words. 
Hi-reiiii Is the soul of wit. Slialc., Hamlet, li. 2. 
This argument is stated by St. John with his usual ele- 
gant brevity and simplicity. 
Bji. Porteuiu, Rel. Observance of Good Friday. 
= 8yn. 2. Compression, terseness, pithiness, succinctness, 
condensation, sententiousness, curtness. 
Brevoortia (bre-v6r'ti-a), n. [NL. ; named after 
Mr. J. Carson Brevoort,"oi New York.] A North 
American genus of herrings, family Clupeidce, 
Menhaden, or Mossbunker (Brevoortia tyrannns ,. 
characterized by the elongated intestine and 
carinated scales. /:. tt/raiinu* is the well-known moss- 
bunker or nn-nli:i.l. ii. formerly included in the genus 
Aloud or Ctupea (A. or C. menhaden). See menhaden. 
brew 1 (brfl), r. [< ME. breicen (pret. brcic, later 
brcicede, brewed, pp. browcn, later breu-ed), < 
AS. brediean (strong verb ; pret. "bredir, pi. "bru- 
won, pp. gebrowen ; found only in pp.) = OFries. 
briuica = D. brouicen = MLG. brutcen, broicen, 
bruen, LG. brugen, bruen, brouen = OHO. 6n'- 
iran, MHG. briutcen, bruicen, G. bmuen = Icel. 
brut/go, = Sw. bnjgqa = Dan. brijggc, brew; 
prob. connected with L. de-frutum, new wine 
boiled down, Gr. fipivov (for *QpvTov~), a kind 
of beer; the primitive meaning, as indicated 
by the (probable) derivatives broth 1 and bread 1 , 
being prob. more general, 'prepare by fire,' 
hence 'boil, brew, bake.' See also breicis, 
brose 1 .] I. trans. 1. To produce as a beverage 
by fermentation; prepare (beer, ale, or other 
similar liquor) from malt, or from malt and 
hops, or from other materials, by steeping, boil- 
ing, and fermentation. 2. To prepare by mix- 
ing, boiling, or the like; mingle: mix; concoct: 
as, to brew a bowl of punch ; " drinks breved 
with several herbs," Bacon. 
Brew me a pottle of sack. Shak., M. W. of W., HL 5. 
A witch who breir'd the philtre. Tennyson, Lucretius. 
3. To contrive ; plot ; prepare : as, to brew mis- 
chief. 
He hfeic this cursednesse and al this synne. 
Chaucer, Monk's Tale, I. 395. 
I found it to lie the most malicious and frantick surmise, 
and the most contrary to his nature that, 1 think, had r\rr 
been !>>' \\'<>n<i. 
Or breir firm- tempests on the wintry main. 
P oj, R. of the I,., II. 85. 
II. i nil-tins. 1. To conduct the operations or 
the business of brewing or making beer. 
I wash, wring, brnr, bake, scour. >'/d-.. M. W.of \V.,i. 4. 
2. To be in a state of preparation ; be mixing, 
forming, or collecting; be impending: chiefly 
briarbot 
in tin- present participle: as, a storm is bn - 
n'll in tin- west. 
Is some ill it-bremng toward my rest. 
Shale., M. of V., Ii. 6. 
Kroin the appearance of the cloud* a gale wu evidently 
"ig. Marryal. 
brew 1 (bro), H. [< breici, r.] The mixture formed 
by lire wing; that which is brewed, 
brew-t. Obsolete form of bree (which see), 
brewage (bro'iij), . [< breic 1 + -age.] A mixed 
drink ; drink brewed or prepared in any way. 
Ill no pullct-s|*enn In my Itreirayr. 
M. W. of W., III. 8. 
Some well-spiced breu" Miliun, Areopogltica. 
A rich breiraye made of the best Spaiilah wine. 
Mami" :. II -t I'.iiit., 11. 
brewer ( lirO'er), n. [< ME. brewere (= D. linni- 
(/= G. brauer); < breu- 1 + -er 1 .] One who 
brews ; specifically, one whose occupation is the 
preparation of malt liquors. Brewers' grains. 
Same a- 
brewery (brS'er-i), . ; pi. breweries (-iz). [= 
D. brouiccrij = G. brauerei ; < breic 1 + -<r//.] 
1. A brew-house; an establishment in which 
brewing is carried on. 2f. Brewers collec- 
tively; the beer-trade. 
If they should hring any distress and trouble upon the 
London bremrj/. It would occasion the making ill drink, 
and drive the people to brew themselves, which would de- 
stroy the duty. C. Dnernaitt, Essays on Trade, I. 70. 
brewett, . [< ME. breicet, bruet, < OF. brouet, 
pottage or broth, dim. of brou, broth, pi. brouet, 
> E. brevis, q. v.] A kind of pottage. 
brew-house (bro'hous), n. [< ME. breiclioujt (= 
OHG. briihiid, G. brauhaus)'. < breic 1 + house.] 
A house or establishment in which the opera- 
tions of brewing are carried on. 
brewing (br8'ing), n. [Verbal n. of brew 1 , r.] 
1. The act or process of preparing liquors from 
malt and hops; the process of extracting a 
saccharine solution from malted grain and con- 
verting that solution into a fermented alcoholic 
beverage called ale or beer. The process usually 
followed by the brewer may lie divided into clht distinct 
purts, viz., the grinding of the malt, mashing, boiling, 
cooling, fermenting, cleansing, racking or vattlug, and fin- 
ing or cleaning. 
2. The quantity brewed at once. 
A bmciiuj of new lieer, set by old lieer, maketh It work 
again. Bacon, Nat. HUt. 
3. A mixing together. 
I ani not able to avouch anything for certainty, such a 
brriciny and sophistication of them they make. 
Holland, tr. of Pliny, xlv. . 
brewis (bro'is), . [< ME. brewen, brotcea, 
broutcys, etc., < OF. broueg, prop, pi., from sing. 
"brou, < ML. brodum, gravy, broth, < OHG. 
bntd = E. broth 1 , q. v. Cf. brose 1 .] If. Broth ; 
pottage. 
What an ocean of brewu I shall swim lu! 
Fletcher (and another ?), Prophetess, L :t. 
Thou for all 
The kitchen breicitt that was ever supt 
Shalt not once dare to look him in the face. 
Tenni/naii, Gareth and Lynett*. 
2. Bread soaked in broth or the liquor in which 
beef is being boiled ; also, brown bread wanned 
in milk, 
brew-lockt, M. A brewing. 
I ne'er hurt their churning*, 
Their brtw-lockg, nor their batches. 
Middletan, The Witch, i. 2. 
brewsterH (bro'ster), n. [< ME. breu-ster, 
breicestere, brovstere, a female brewer, also a 
(male) brewer, < breicen, brew, + -ster.] One 
who brews; a brewer; more especially, a wo- 
man who brews. 
He [the chemist) is not a larmier like another, but a 
man who adds new utility and value to ever)' creature In 
the brewery. Spectator, No. 3018, p. 575. 
brewster 2 (bro'ster), M. The sweet-bay, Magno- 
lia glauea. [New Jersey.] 
brewsterite (bro'ster-itl, . [After Sir David 
HreiCKter (1781-1868).] A white, yellow, or 
green pellucid mineral of the zeolite family, 
occurring in short prismatic crystals; a hy- 
drous silicate of aluminium, strontium, and 
barium. 
breydt, r. and . See braid 1 . Chaucer. 
breziline (bre-zil'in), . [F. bresiline.] Same 
as brazil in. 
brian (bri'an), r. /. [E. dial., ]>erhaps for 
'brine, < brine, orig. a burning. Cf. brin 1 , var. 
of burn 1 .] To keep fire at the mouth of (an 
oven), either to give light or preserve the heat. 
[North. Eng.] 
briar, briary. etc. See brier, briery, etc. 
briarbot (bn'Hr-bot), . [< briar, brier, + (ap- 
par.) bot, a var. of but-.] A local Irish name 
of the fish called the angler. Several brier-like 
protuberances arm the head. 
