bruise 
And shewyd to me all the Castyll with Iti The towers, 
the wallys ;u-r sore /-,<,..(/</ and iinikyn with the erthe 
qwake which wus in April! last past. 
TwiUii'itiiii, Diaii. n( r.nx. Travell, |i. Is 
Hi- r.nle UU.T tiyiu on horscl.ak tlire or fomv I>m-- 
ami ln-infn>'il hyiu More uml fonlr lh;it uy.-h hi uatt ther- 
with layii. I/.T/M, <!:. !:. T. S.I, iii. ITU. 
2. To crush by beating or pounding; pound; 
bray, as drugs or articlow of food. 
Man, like to cassia, i* prov il liest. being In-u*.*-'**. 
n. /,.,(,, Dnchea "I Main. iii. :.. 
3. Figuratively, to beat down or oppress; cud- 
gel, as the brain ; scourge ; damage. 
/>Vi/iV./ iimlenieaUi the yoke of tyranny. 
SI,*, I,:', liieh. III., v. _'. 
1 will frrinV tny hntiiiH and confine in\-i'lf to much 
vexation. i:*-*ni. ami /'/., w m-Hatcr, v. >. 
II. hitman. To fight with the fists; box. 
Bruiitiii't was eonsiilere.l ii line, manly old English cus- 
tom. Thackeray. 
bruise (broz), . [< bruise, r.] A contusion; 
a superficial injury caused by impact, without 
laceration, as of an animal body, a plant, or 
other impressible object. 
bruiser (bro'zer), n. 1. One who bruises. 
2. A concave tool for grinding the specula of 
telescopes. It is nmde of hruas, ahout a quarter of an 
inch thick, hammered as near the gage as possible. By 
this instrument the speculum is prepared fur the hands 
of tin- polisher. 
3. The name of various machines for bruising 
grain, etc., for feeding cattle. 4. A boxer; 
a pugilist ; a bully. 
For do not men delight 
We call them men our bruisers to excite, 
And urge with bribing gold, and feed them for the fight '.' 
Crabbe. 
Gentlemen were bruisers, and bruisers were gentlemen. 
J. Hawthorne, Dust, p. 7. 
5. A name applied to various plants supposed 
to be efficacious in healing bruises, as bruise- 
wort, soapwort, etc. [Eng.] 
bruisewort (broz'wert), n. [ME. brysewort, < 
brysen, bruise, + wort, wort.] A name given to 
several plants, as the daisy (Bellis peretitiis), the 
soapwort (Ka)>onari<i officinalis), etc., from their 
supposed efficacy in healing bruises. 
In the curious treatise of the virtues of herbs, Royal 
MS. 18 A. vi., fol, 72 b, Is mentioned " bryaeicort, or boii- 
wort, or daysye, consolida minor, good to hreke bocches." 
Way, Promptorium, p. 52, note. 
bruising (brS'zing), . [Verbal n. of bruise, r.] 
1. In foix-working, the process of passing flax, 
after retting, between grooved rollers, to break 
the woody portion; scutching. 2. A method 
of treating Tiides by rubbing the grained side 
with a graining-board. 3. In trine-making, 
the process of pounding or stamping grapes 
with a wooden maul or pestle, to soften the 
skins and fleshy part. 
bruit (br8t), n. [< ME. brut, brmjt, brout, < OF. 
limit, brui, F. bruit, noise, uproar, rumor (= Pr. 
bruich, bruit, brut = It. brnito ; ML. bntgitus), < 
OF. bruin; F. bruire = Pr. brugir, bruzir = It. 
bruire, rustle, roar; of uncertain origin.] 1. 
Report; rumor; fame. 
A ln-nit ran from one to the other that the king was 
slain. Sir P. Sidney. 
There came an uncertaine bruite from Barbados of 
some disorder there. Evelyn, Diary, June 26, 171. 
To view what bruit by virtue got, their lives could justly 
crave. 
A I'rai*e of Muitremt Rim, Arber's Eng. Gamer, I. 38. 
2. A noise ; a loud sound ; a din. 
Some fresh bruit 
Startled me all aheap. Hood. 
3. [Mod. F., pron. brwe.] In pathol., the name 
given to sounds of various nature, in general 
abnormal, produced in the body, or evoked in 
it, by percussion or succussion : used to some 
extent in English. -Bruit de galop, a cardiac sound 
suggesting a gallop. tin 1 annual tiist sound l>eing preceded 
by a faint presystolic sound. Bruit de sole, a rough car- 
diac mm nmr. sim-, Ming tin- soliml of u saw. BlTlit du 
diable (ilevil > linin I, ;i runtiiiuims humming snuinl beanl 
in the jugular veins at the base of the neck ; venous hum. 
It is more frequent and more marked in young persons 
than in adult-, ami in anemic than in normal states. 
bruit (brdt), r. [< bruit, .] I. trans. To an- 
nounce with noise ; report ; noise abroad. 
l!y tliis great clatter one of the greatest not 
Seems limit:,!. .s'A.<;,., Macbeth, v. 7. 
Thou art no less than fame hath bruit*-*!. 
Shale., I Hen. VI., ii. 3. 
It is marvel! to think what Ills friends meant, to let 
come abroad such shallow reasonings with the name of a 
man so much kruitett for learning. 
Milton, Church-Government, i. 5. 
But a dark rumour will tie bruited up, 
h'roiu tribe to tribe, until it reach his ear. 
M. Arnold, Sohrab and Rustuin. 
II. in trims. To give forth sound ; sound. 
Bronze clarions awake and faintly Itmit. 
Keats, Endymion, i. 
bruleH, ''- ' [ME., < OF. brutrr, brunt, r. \- . 
linili-r. burn : sci- bruxtlf'^,] To bum. 
In cilery part put to wan the lire, 
Thcr i>ayimnc were brulrd and breml entire. 
It*, in. of Partenay (Y.. K. T. S.), 1. 2288. 
\u I he nioste parte of thys said abbay 
liy liym stroied. bruled and acorched tho : 
Thcr not lefte ue In.ile / Boiile man that day. 
Jtnui. of Partenay (K. K. T. S.), 1. 3813. 
brule'-'t, ''. An obsolete form of broil 1 . Catholi- 
I-IIH .///</'""' 
briilee (brii'la), n. [P., prop. fern. pp. of brA- 
lir, burn.] In Canada, a piece of woodland 
from which the timber has been burned; a 
burned district. 
brulyement (brul'ye-ment), n. Same as broil- 
iinni. [Scotch.] 
brulyie (brtil'yi), n. [So., also written brulzie 
(here, as in a#RO\1zie, etc., : represents the old 
2-shaped y; -ly-, like -Hi- in billiards, represent- 
ing the former F. sound of -//-), < F. brouillc, 
a quarrel, etc. : see broil 2 .'} Same as broil 2 . 
Burns. 
brulzie (brul'yi), n. See brulyie. 
Brumaire (br6-mar'), n. [F. (after L. "bruma- 
rius), < brume, fog, < L. bruma, winter: see 
brume.] The second month in the calendar 
adopted by the first French republic, beginning 
October 22d and ending November 20th (179o\). 
brumal (brfi'mal), a. [= P. ftrumaf. < L. bru- 
malis,(. bruma, winter : see brume.] Belonging 
to winter; wintry; hibernal. Sir T. Herbert; 
.Sir T. Browne. 
And In the sky as yet no sunny ray, 
But brumal vapors gray. Longfellow. 
brume (br8m), n. [F., fog, mist, haze, < L. 
bruma, the shortest day in the year, the win- 
ter solstice, hence winter; prob. for *brevima, 
equiv. to brevissima, snperl. fern, of breris, 
short: see brief.] Mist; fog; vapors. [Rare.] 
And suddenly through the drifting brume. 
The Man- of the horns began to ring. 
brummagem (brum'a-jem). a. [Formerly also 
spelled bromidgliam" etc., corruptions of Bir- 
mingham in England, where many plated arti- 
cles and cheap trinkets are made.] Showy but 
worthless; fictitious; sham. [Slang or colloq.] 
brumous (bro'mus), a. [< brume + -oun.] Per- 
taining or relating to winter; hence, foggy; 
misty; dull and sunless: as, a brumous climate. 
brun (brim), v. A dialectal form of bum*. 
brunet, " Same as broigne. 
brunette (bro-nef), . and a. [F.. fern. dim. of 
brnti, brown: see broicn. Cf. burnetl, burnef*.] 
I. . A woman with dark hair and eyes and 
brown or dark complexion. 
Your fair women therefore thought of this fashion to in- 
sult the olives and the brunettes. Manchester Guardian. 
II. . Dark in color; having a brownish or 
olive tone : said of the complexion. 
bruniat, [ML.] Same as broigne. 
brunion (brun'yon), . [< F. brugnon, a nec- 
tarine, < L. pruiium, a plum : see prune.] A 
nectarine. 
Brunner's glands. See gland. 
Brunonian (br8-no'ni-an), a. and n. [< ML. 
Bruno(n-) (< brunux, brown), proper name cor- 
responding to E. Broicn (see fcrown), + -ifl.] I. 
a. Pertaining or relating to any person bear- 
ing the name of Brown; Brownian.- Bruno- 
nian motion or movement. Same as Bimrnian mure- 
inent (which see, under Broimian). Brunonian theory, 
a theory of medicine founded by Dr. John Brown of 
Edinburgh (173.VS8), according to which diseases are 
divided into two classes, those resulting from a deficiency 
and those resulting from an excess of excitement the out- 
class to be treated with stimulant*, the other with debili- 
tating in.-. Urines, Also called JJroirnisin. 
II. n. A student or graduate of Brown Uni- 
versity in Providence, Khode Island. 
brunstane (brun'stan), n. A Scotch form of 
iH'iitistinif'. 
brunswick (brunz'wik), n. [Named from 
liruiixirirk (G. Braunschweig) in Germany.] A 
close-fitting outdoor habit for ladies, intro- 
duced into England from Germany about 1750. 
The upper portion was made with the lapels open, and a 
collar like that of a man's coat. 
Brunswick green. See green. 
brunt 1 (brunt), . [< ME. brunt, bront, shock, 
impetus, sudden impulse; appar., with forma- 
tive -t (cf. Dan. brynde, conflagration, heat ; 
Goth, "brunsts, in afa-brunste, a whole burnt- 
offering), connected with brune, AS. bryne, a 
burning (also brine: see brine 1 ) (= Icel. bruni, 
a burning, > brnna, advance with the speed of 
lire, said of a stsimlurd in the heat of battle, 
of a ship under full sail, etc.), < 'brinnan : see 
burn 1 .] 1. A sudden shock or impetus; a 
brush 
collision, onset, or attack ; a strenuous effort. 
[Now rare.] 
Tlu-i Kporereii tin ir. hone over the briggc at a brunt. 
Merlin, II. 281 
I miiHt resolve to stand to the hazard of all bruntiaow. 
I'ord, Love'i Sacrifice, T. 2. 
It Is Instantly and Irrecoverably scattered by our flnt 
brunt with some real affair of common life. It. Taylor. 
2. The heat or utmost violence of an onset; 
the strength or violence of any contention. 
Hie quiver of your argument* which Is ever thin, aud 
weakly stor'd, after the first brant, la quite empty. 
Hilton, Church Covernmcnt, L 6. 
We tin. I the Christian chivalry always ready to bear the 
Imint of battle against the Moors. 
Preteott, Ferd. and lua., L B. 
brunt 1 !, v. i. [ME. brunten;< brunt, n.] To 
make a sudden start. Prompt. I'arv. 
brunt' 2 (brunt), pp. and p. a. A dialectal form 
of burnt. 
brunyt, n. See byrnie. 
brush (brush), n. [Early mod. E. also brushe, 
brusche ; < ME. brusxhe, brutche, < OF. broehe, 
brace, broisse. brosse, a bush, a bushy place, 
brushwood, thicket, = Pr. brossa = 8p. bro;a, 
brushwood, thicket, rubbish of leaves and bark, 
= ML. bruseia, a thicket (cf. ML. brugtale, 
OF. brousaille, > ME. bruschalle, a thicket), 
appar. confused with bruscus (> It. Sp. Pg. 
brusco, F. brusc, > G. brusch, butcher's broom, 
knee-holly; cf. It. brusca, "ling or heath to 
make brushes or broomes with" (Florio), now 
a horse-brush), also ruscug, var. of L. rugcum, 
rustum, butcher's broom; hence, as a particu- 
lar sense of the same word (from the use of 
small bushy plants, as heath, for the purpose), 
a brush, ME. brunshe, brusche, < OF. brouetse, 
broisse, brosse, F. brosse = Sp. broza, brum, a 
brush; cf. ML. bruxtia, a kino; of comb (resting 
partly perhaps on MHG. burste, a brush, < borst 
= AS. byrst, bristle: see bristle); perhaps < 
MHG. bro;, a bud, shoot: see browse 1 . The 
forms and senses are involved ; for the senses, 
cf. broom 1 .] 1. The small trees and shrubs of 
a wood ; a thicket of small trees ; scrub. 
Out of the thickest bnuh. Spenter, F. Q., III. L 15. 
The country is almost wholly marshy, and covered with 
bnuh or low palms, with ponds here and thero. 
Science, V. 216. 
2. Branches of trees lopped off ; brushwood : 
a sense common in the United States. 3. A 
tract of country covered by thickets ; hence, a 
thinly settled country ; the backwoods. [South- 
western U. 8.] 4. An instrument of various 
forms, according to its intended use, consist- 
ing of a quantity of some flexible material 
attached to a handle or stock. Brushes are used 
for applying paint aud similar substances, cleaning, 
polishing, rubbing, smoothing, etc. Their commonest 
materials are bristles and certain kinds of hair. For 
some purposes these are secured ill a bunch to a ferrule 
at the end of a handle, or bound or fastened to the handle 
itself ; for others they are inserted in doubled tufU Into 
holes bored in a stock, with or without a handle, the pro- 
jecting doubled ends being secured by wires or otherwise, 
and in ordinary forms covered by a back-piece glued on. 
Among the materials used for making brushes are bristles, 
hair of the badger, bear, and goat, hair from the tails of the 
red and black sable, camels' hair (so called, hut commonly 
Russian squirrel), fitch- (skunk-) and horsehair, broom- 
corn, ratan, split cane, rushes, cocoanut-flber, the rooU 
and Miters of many tropical plants, wire, spun glass, fea- 
thers, etc. The won! is often compounded, showing the 
specific purposes for which It is used, as blacking-, clothes-, 
dust-, hat-, hair-, nail-, paint-, tooth-, scrubbing-, and 
whiten ash brush. See pencil. 
5. Anything resembling a brush, as the tails 
of some animals, as the fox, or the panicles of 
broom-corn used in the manufacture of brooms. 
6. An agricultural instrument made of small 
trees, as the birch, and used instead of a harrow 
for covering grain, grass-seed, etc., after they 
have been sown. 7. In dynamo-electric ma- 
chines (which see, under electric), one of the 
bundles of copper wires or plates which are in 
contact with the commutator of the armature 
on opposite sides, and serve to take off the posi- 
tive and negative currents of electricity gener- 
ated. 8. In ili'ft.. the luminous phenomenon, 
consisting of diverging rays of pale-blue light, 
observed when the discharge of an electric 
machine takes place into the air from a small 
ball or rounded point. 9. [From the verb.] 
A passage ; especially, a quick ride through the 
brush or across country ; a chase. 
Let us enjoy a bru*h across the county. Fielding. 
10. A skirmish; a slight encounter: a shock; 
a collision: as, to have a brush with the enemy. 
Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong, 
And tempt not yet the bruthet of the war. 
Shak., T. and C., T. . 
