bucksome 
bucksomet, a. An obsolete spelling nf bujrom. 
buck-Stall (buk'stal), n. A toil or net to take 
ilriT. (I . lii'nmn. 
Bucktail (bnk'tal), . A name originally given 
to the members of the Tammany Society iii New- 
York I'ily, but about ISlT-lKi extended in its 
application to ineiiiliers of thai 1'aclion of 1li<- 
Democratic- Republican pan y in I he State which 
opposed l)e Witt ( 'lintoii. 
llelter siiei -i >-, ill i oiMitulional reform was iittniin-il in 
N' u \urk, ill spite <>l ail ilirr^MUit liinnnll lietureii tin 
I 'litit"tii:in> .1111] thr ;int! < 'lilitonian- ' or Tain 
many ..... n, in they u . n r;ill.il all ..( whom professed 
the re|iiihllr:in i rrril uI I ln< nation. 
.SV/i.ili/,-,-. Hi,t. I . S.. 111. l!i7. 
buckthorn (buk'thorn), n. [< bnrl,-i + Ilinni. 
Ac-cording to some, a mistaken rendering of 
the (i. hu.filiini, a tiaiislalion of the (ir. nvgii- 
707 
white flowers and wing-angled fruit, a native 
ul ( ienrgiii and the ( Jnlf States. Also called liti 
ami ii'iiiiifniiil. 
bucnemia (buk-ne'nii-ii), ii. [NL., < (ir. 
ox, + M'////. the leg. | A disease of the leg 
dislingiiis- nit-, dilTiise, inflammatory 
welling. 
bucolic (liii-kol'ik), ii. ami n. [< L. bucolicus, 
< (ir. frirMi/iKoi, rustic, pastoral, < /'fcnwtf/or, a 
cowlienl. herdsman, < <oi c. an ox (see Bos), + 
-no/'*;, perhaps for -nu/.ur, as in oin-ci/of, a goat- 
herd, < m'/tn; move, -i'/raOai, be; otherwise 
connected with A////I. ii ra ..... horse, L. celer, 
swift, Skt. ^ kill, drive.] I. a. 1. Pastoral; 
relating to country alTaira, or to a shepherd's 
life and occupation : as, bucolic song. 
lljhis," the GClvliratrd thirteenth idvl of Theocritus, 
is not a '>".-<'/>' IMI, MI. lint classified an narrative or 
Buddhism 
nently attuched to the parent nrganiiim, and 
Bomefiincs U-coninit: .Ictached; an incipient 
/.oiiiil. or bud-like hr^'inning of a new in<liviil- 
ual in a eonipoiind aniiiinl. S-e cut under I'nm- 
//iiniilin-iii. 6. In ..'Kil. ami mini., a part or or- 
gan like or likened to a bud: a, a tin-til. Inul : 
a gustatory Inul. 7. A weaned calf of the first 
year. Hull i in u. [I'rov. Kim. | 8. A young 
lady just come out" in society. [Slimy;.] Ac- 
CeBSOry bUdS, ''"'I- KU|>|ilcnientary to the nollnally will 
i.u\ :iullar> )iud. either at itit title or aliove it. Adven- 
titious buds, such bndrt us arc |.r.>.ln ilyand 
iiitlniiit order from any |rt of the 8t4-m or root,, or from 
leaves. Blind bud. see Mm,/ 1. Bud-variation, '" 
the ontL'i-owth of a bud, the deviation in an) res)n-et from 
the ordinary growth of the plant, producing what Is 
the oiitu'i-owth of a bud. the deviation in any respect from 
plant, producing what Is 
commonly known as a sport. Many remarkable \ u 
Ktivtta 'hfixthorn 'of I >ioscoridc>< 1 1 The nnn not kMWMM poem, lint claiwineil as narrative or 
Kama, r 1111,0 Its.J 1. inepop- 1H . I11 |. t . | ,, l . , character, yet exhihiu many touches of the 
ular name oi species ol lJ,,i,,,nmt ( which see). /,,/,, ,w,.etness. .M,,/,,,,I,,. \ i, t. r,,eU, p. til. 
Tin riiiiimi.n buckthorn is li. fiitliarticttx ; the thi i - 
buckthorn, /i. /n/. v/o, /</-.- Hi.. alder liuekthorn, li. l''rn/i- 
inda, or In tht* United states /.'. ('"''.' ,-... and the 
Silterian Imektlioi n, or redwood, /.'. o7///nv..ri//'/*i. 
2. A local English name of the haddock : chiefly 
applied to dried haddock. Day. - Jamaica buck- 
thorn, the Cherokee rose (Itona knigota), used fur hcdi . 
Sea-buckthorn, "f tlic coasts <>t r.nrn|>c. the //i>/. 
!!,:! rluannmda, natural order 1:7, i ././,;, ,,,. Southern 
buckthorn, <>< the southern I nitcd States, a small supn 
taccous tree. /.'iiiiie/i'n /./,-/., /,-.<. Texas buckthorn, a 
small tlii'i-nv shrno ol a ^ums allied In RtaflMMM 
buck-tooth (Inik'toth), i/. [< buck (uncertain: 
perhaps hiicl. i ; cf. M K. i/nl-lntlii il, goat-toothed) 
+ lnoth.] Any tooth that juts out beyond the 
rest. 
His jaw was underhuiiK, anil when he laiiKheit twn 
white Int'-k-teeth prutrnded themselves, and glistened sav- 
agely in sjilte of the grin. Thackeray, Vanity Fair. 
bucku, n. See buchu. 
buck-wagon (buk'wag'on), H. [In South Afri- 
can D. bokicni/ni (in def. 1), appar. < bok, = E. 
buck 1 , a goat, + irni/c/i = E. iriiijon. Cf. /<</,- 
board.] 1. A transport-wagon with strong pro- 
jecting framework extending over the wheels in 
order to carry heavy loads, used in South Africa. 
2. Same as burklxmrd. 
buckwash (buk'wosh), i'. t. To wash in lye or 
buck; cleanse by bucking. 
buckwashing (buk'wosh 'ing), H. [Verbal n. 
of bucku'anh, r.] The act of washing linen, etc. 
Ftird. How now? whither bear yon this? 
Sere. To the laundress, forsooth. 
Mn. F. Why, what have yon to do whither they bear 
It? You were best meddle with ttck-ira*liing. 
tfliak.. M. \V. of W., 1U. 3. 
buckweedt (buk'wed), n. A kind of herb. E. 
riiillil>, 1706. 
buckwheat (buk'h wet), n. [A Sc. and North. E. 
form (= I), borkirrit = MLG. bokicc'e = G. buch- 
HV/.-CH = Dan. boi/hmlc), < buck'!, beech, + wheat. 
Cf. buck-mast. It receives its name from the re- 
semblance of its triangular fruit to beechnuts. 
The NL. name I-''i</<>/>i/nii is a translation of 
the E. name.] 1. The common name of Fiigo- 
ixftitcntuiH, natural order /Wi///mr. 
and of its seeds. 
It is n native of cen- 
tral Asia, an annual of 
easy culture, Knitting 
on the poorest soils; 
ami tlioiinh the ^rain 
is los nntritiotu than 
that of most cereals, 
it is used t<> a con- 
siderable extent for 
food ti'i- both men and 
animals. The chief 
nse of its flour in the 
United States Is in 
the generally popular 
form of buckwheat 
paneake . i li 
dian huckwlieat (/'. 
7'fM.Vi-iOH) is of in- 
ferior quality anil is 
less cultivated. 
2. In the West In- 
dies, Ann-ill rn 
xcintdi'iix. natural 
order r/Ho/><i/i/- 
i-ni'. an annual 
climbing plant of 
2. Agricultural: used humorously or in dis- 
paragement. Bucolic cesura, bucolic dieresls. s, 
'.=SyH, ra*torat, Jttmnr, et<-. See mm/. 
II. n. [< L. liiifiilii'iiiii, pi. bucolica, neut. of 
liin-<ilii-i<s: see I.] 1. A pastoral poem, repre- 
senting rural affairs, or the life, manners, and 
occupation of shepherds: as, the bucolics of 
Theocritus and Virgil. 
The first modern Latin /"/>.//.* arc those of Petrarch. 
T. H'artnn, Hist. Rag. Poetry, f 28. 
2. A writer of pastorals. [Rare.] 
Spenser is erroneously ranked as our earliest English 
Imculic. T. Warlun, Hist. Bug. Poetry, i 40. 
3. A countryman ; a fanner: used humorously 
or in depreciation. 
bucolical (bu-kol'i-kal), a. Same as bucolic. 
Bucorvus (bu-kor'vus). H. [NL., </?(cm>) + 
Curi-int.'] A genus of hornbills, family Bucero- 
liiln; based upon li. abi/tiifinicus, an African spe- 
cies, the ground-honibill, notably different from 
the others in its terrestrial habits. 
bucrane (bu'kran), n. Same as bucranium. 
An immense Roman sarcophagus of oriental granite, 
with masks carved upon Its lid anil festooned bMnMU 
upon its sides. 
C. C. 1'erkin*, Italian sculpture, Int., p. liv. 
bucranium(bu-kra'ni-um), M. ; pi. bitcrania (-a). 
[In sense 1, NL. ; in sense 2, L.L., a certain 
plant; < Gr. /totwpeiwor, an ox-head, a kind of 
bryony, < /Joff? ox, + upaviov, skull, cranium.] 
in c'ldtivated plants arise in this way, ami are pcrpetn 
iy any of the prin ese of propmrati. m b> means of 
iiUiU Common bud. see common.- Embryo buds. 
See ruibi-yo. Gustatory bud. See tatte-bud.to nip 
In the bud. >! '/. 
bud 1 (bud), r. ; pret. aud pp. butldetl, ppr. Innl- 
iliiii/. [< ME. btultU'H = I), bolten ; from the 
noun.] I. li'iniK. 1. To ingraft a bud of or 
on, as of one plant on the stem of another : 
as, to /mil a garden rose on a brier, or a brier 
witli a garden rose. See huddling, ., 3. 2. 
To put forth by or as if by the natural process 
of budding. 
From your swelling downs, . . . where prickly furze 
//in/ lavish gold. Krat*, Endymlon, I. 
II. intrunx. 1. To put forth or produce budg ; 
be in bud. 2. To be in the condition of a bud ; 
sprout ; begin to grow or to issue from a stock 
in the manner of a bud, as a horn. 3. Figu- 
ratively, to b in an early stage of development. 
4. To eat buds: said of birds. [U. 8.] 
Last night I saw a nnmlier of grouse bvddina upon a 
neighltoring apple tree. Fortlt and Stream, XX\ III. 131. 
Budding fungi, fungi which grow and reproduce by 
budding; chiefly, the yeast-fungi. 
bud 2 (bud), H. [A reduction of brother; cf. 
bub*.'] A familiar term for brother. [South- 
ern if. 8.] 
bud :t t (bud), H. [Appar. a var. of bode, an offer, 
ult. < AS. bcodan, pp. boden, offer: see bode 1 , 
bode'*, bid.] A gift, especially one meant as a 
bribe. Acts Janu-s I. (Jamieson.) [Scotch.] 
bud 3 *, v. t. [Sc., also budd; < bud?, n.] To 
endeavor to gain by gifts ; bribe. 
bud 4 (bud). Same as bood, preterit and past 
participle of behoore. [Scotch.] 
bud-cell (bud'sel), n. In bot., a lateral cell 
produced upon the proembryo of some of the 
higher cryptogams, as in the Characetc, from 
which the perfect plant is developed. Some- 
times called the bud-rudiment. 
budded (bud'ed), ]>. a. In her., same as bottony. 
Buddha (b8'da), n. [Skt., lit. 'the Enlight- 
ened,' pp. (for "budhta) of / budh for 'bhudh, 
be awake, come to consciousness, notice, un- 
derstand, etc., = Gr. \/ *iritf for *0itf in Kv 
A, hi 
\ frieze of Temple of Vespasian, Rome ; R. from a Roman 
altar. 
o, flower ;*,ov.iry; f , fruit ; rf, icctiuu ( HO importance. - 
same, shi.wn.i: Buckwheat coal, iii 
the anthraeite reL'inii 
<if I'ennsylvaniii. the smallest si/e of eoal sent to market. 
It i~ -ulli. irntl> -tnall to |iass tliiMULrh a lialf ineh inesti. 
False buckwheat, some eiimbin- ~|ie,.j,-s ,,f /,,,i/.,,,iiin,i. 
as P. -In u>,-ti:i-ii,,i or /'. .;ni<t-'ii. \\ith the lar-e triaimn- 
lar set-u ot ; ,! i,,,airnM. wild buckwheat, of c.iii 
tornia. a sjieeies ol I'.fin inniiiit. I'. t'iiKrirn[<itntn, nearl\ 
related lo /'./-/ inn'nn and with similar seeds. 
buckwheat-tree < buk'h wet 'tre . , The ciif- 
tnniii iii'ii/n or r. lii/ii.iti-iiiu. natural order l'i/ril- 
liu:<a; a small evergreen, with showy fragrant 
1. In art, the skull of an ox: an ornament 
often sculptured, frequently with adornment of 
wreaths or other decoration, on the frieze of the 
entablature in the Roman lortic and Corinthian 
orders of architecture, and also in other situa- 
tions. 2. The herb calfs-snout. Kerttey, 1708. 
bud 1 (bud), . [< late ME. buddc = D. but, a 
bud ; prob. due to OF. baton, F. bouloii, a bud, 
a button: see button and butt 1 .] 1. In plants, 
the undeveloped germ-state of a stem or branch, 
consisting of a growing point inclosed by close- 
ly appressed rudimentary leaves, in winter buds 
are usually protected by an outside covering of scales, 
often pubescent or resinous, which fall off ii]inii the swell- 
ing of the bud in sprint'. Besides foliage, the bud may also 
eontain the rudimentary intloreseeiice. Bulbs and linlb- 
Icts are forms of leaf-buds. Flower-buds are uneipanded 
blossoms. 
Souicr toward whan btultltt* first appeere. 
Lyd : /atf, Minor Poems (ad. Ilalliwell, 1H40), p. 217. 
2f. In arch., an ornamental boss or button. 
The roffys [roofs] garnyshed with sarsnettya and buddtit 
of golde. Arnold'* Chnm. (1S02), p. li. 
3. The state of budding or putting forth buds : 
as, the trees are in hurt. 4. In some cryptog- 
amous plants, especially some Hepaticm, one 
of the bodies formed asexually which become 
detached and reproduce the plant; in the ])ln- 
ral, same as </ei w'. See, i/t:/iiiiin. 5. A promi- 
nence on or in certain animals of low organiza- 
tioii, us pnlyjis. which becomi'x devi'loped into 
an independent individual, sometimes penna- 
find out, jprob. = AS. Iteodan (pp. boden), an- 
nounce, offer. E. bid: see bid.] 1. An epithet, 
meaning the Wise or Enlightened One, applied 
to the historical founder of Buddhism (accord- 
ing to some in the eleventh century B. c., but 
more probably in the sixth century), regarded 
by the Buddhists as the fourth in a series of five 
messianic Buddhas. He was an Indian prince of the 
Sakya tribe, and hence called Sakyamnni (the Sakya sage), 
the name preferred in China and Japan. His original 
name was siddartha (literally, "the realization of all the 
meanings," that is, of the i>ortnU at his birth): that 
most used in Burma, Ceylon, etc., is Gautama or (iotama 
(literally, " most victorious "X the sacerdotal name of the 
Sakya tribe. 
2. [/. c.] One who attains to perfect enlighten- 
ment such as that ascribed to the founder of 
Buddhism, and devotes his powers to the salva- 
tion of mankind. 
Sometimes also Boodh, Boodha. 
Tree of Buddha, the ii -ticc. 
buddhahood (bo 'da -hud), . [< buddha + 
-hood.] The state or condition of a buddha. 
See Buddha and liuddhism. 
buddhaship (bo 'da -ship), M. [< buddha + 
-ship.] The condition of one who has attained 
enlightenment and become a buddha. See Bud- 
dha and liuddhixui. 
Buddhism (bii'dizm), H. [< Buddha + -ittm ; = 
I'. Hinidhixmf.] The religious system founded 
by Buddha, or the Buddha, in India. lu essential 
principles. In so far as they can be reduced to an Oeei- 
dental form of thought, are, that man is under the opera- 
tion of certain inflexible luws, from whieh there is neither 
escape nordeliveranee ; existenee under them is an evil; 
priestly rites and sacrifices are unavailing : death is no 
escape, but only a transmigration to another form of ex- 
: obeduoo* to the moral laws the practice of 
charity, temperance, justice, honesty, truth insure* a 
sojourn in heaven, followed by a higher existence on the 
