burette (iiu-rcf), . 
< linirr, F. 
bureaucratic 
There is ft nn ni niat< -ri;il jio-j,,nt> np, n tn Ilimuary if 
till' people Mill lie contenl I., I,, iplletl) goM-rncd, anil II 
\il-l I 111 u III In- wise enough to relax It lit tie in I In -' 
i /"'<i- noli. .MI Iliat MOU iiiMtlenee her. 
Aimtt'il, Hungary, p. 251. 
bureaucratical ( bii-ro-krafi-kal), a. [< bureau- 
ernlii- + -nl.\ Same us bureaiteratie. 
bureaucratically (bfi-ro-krat'i-kal-i), ailv. In 
a liiii-eaiicratic inanner; as a bureaucrat. 
bureaucratist (bu-ro'kra-tist), . [< ///<- 
t-nit + -int. ] Same ;is hiirciiiii-nit. 
burelt, ii. See burn-l. 
bureo (bii-ra'6), it. [Sp., < F. bureau, a bureau: 
see bureau.] A Spanish court of justice for 
the trial of persons connected with the royal 
household. 
burett, . [Cf. burette.] A drinking-vessol. 
BalliieeU. 
[F., dim. of OF. buire, a 
boire, drink, < L. bibere, 
drink. Cf. bib 1 , berer a .] 
1. A vessel for contain- 
ing liquids, usually pear- 
shaped or flask-shaped, 
with or without a handle ; 
specifically, in English, 
an altar-cruet having this 
form. Burettes are made of 
rich materials, such as rock- 
crystal, precious metals, etc., 
or of jHircelaln or faience, often 
highly decorated. 
2. In chein., a tube, usu- 
ally graduated to frac- 
tious of a centimeter, 
used for accurately mea- 
suring out small quanti- 
ties of a solution. 
bur-fish (ber'flsh), . A 
fish of the family Dindon- 
ti(l(c; a porcupine-fish, 
if ia. P cr with gold bttTg 1 (berg), n. [A North. 
luuuntnif; time of Louis XV. ,, * \ e/> L 
E. and Sc. ana old law 
form of borough*, ME. burg, etc., AS. burh. Cf. 
liin-gh.] A fortified town; a borough (which 
see). 
burg 2 (berg), n. Same as brought. 
burga (ber gft), n. Same as burta. 
burgage (ber'gaj), . [< ME burgage(OF.bnr- 
.'/.'/'') < our ll (ML. burgus) + -age.] In law : 
(a) In Engfand, a tenure in socage, whereby 
burgesses, citizens, or townsmen hold their 
lands or tenements of the king or other lord 
for a certain yearly rent. 
The most ancient, perhaps, of the franchises was that 
depending on lnu->itt<ii' tenure; this was exactly analogous 
In origin to the freeholder's qualification in the counties : 
but as the repressive principle extended, the right of a 
Imriiu'lf vote had become in many places attached to par- 
ticular houses or sites of houses, probably those which 
were originally liable for a ipiota of the firma burgi. 
Slulilm, Const. Hilt, I 745. 
(b) In Scotland, that tenure by which the prop- 
erty in royal burghs is held under the crown, 
proprietors being liable to the (nominal) ser- 
vice of watching and warding; or, as it is com- 
monly termed, "service of burgh, used and 
wont." (i't) The property so held. 
bur-gage (ber'gaj), H. A plate having perforn- 
tions which serve as standards for the diame- 
ters of drills, etc. 
burgage-tenant (ber'gaj-ten'ant), n. One who 
liolils lands or tenements on tlie tenure known 
as burgage. 
Successive sovereigns had granted the right, or imposed 
the burden, of returning members to Parliament on the 
corporations, freeholders, or huniatir-lfiMntii of numerous 
mall towns. 
({noted In T. II'. lliiniiiuunii Kug. Statesmen, p. 111!. 
burgage-tenement (ber'gSj-ten'e-ineiit), . A 
tenement held by burgage. 
" hornugh l.n- li~ti under which the youngest and not 
the eldest succeeds to I hi- I'll: "<"/ ti-iirmrnt* of Ills father, 
has ii"iu lime mi 
mciiioi-iiil liceii re- 
cognized as a u i-l'ls 
ilulusod usage. 
Mn in.-. Kill-In Nisi 
[of institutions. 
|p. 242. 
burgall, a. See 
in i-i/iiil. 
burgamot, . See 
beryamot, 
bur gander, . 
See bi't'gautlei'. 
burganet, bur- 
gOnet O'er'ua- 
net, -o-o-not >, n. 
I \ls,> written, 
imprup., liiinii- 
nrt : = Sp. liiifiin- 
ti 1 
736 
ll'il'i = PR. lioi-i/iiiiilmtti = It. liort/liiiirttfi (Flo- 
rin), < OF. bourguignote, bourguignotte, prop, a 
IJurgiindinn helmet (cf. K. /;.>iv//f/<<, a Bur- 
gundiun), < Jlouraogne, Burgundy.] A helmet 
woni in the sixteenth century, in two forms: 
one without a vizor, formed like the morion, 
and frequently furnished with cheek-pieces and 
a movable nose-guard; the other with a vizor, 
and similar to the armet. 
His miiylcil halierjenn .--lie did nndiuht. 
And from his head his heavy bufim-t did light. 
-,-/-, K ({., HI. v. 31. 
SI in 1 1 \ helms. 
Topt high with plumes, like Man his bunnnet. 
(, /-..-,,,. ilrlando Furioso. 
burge (berj), n. A dialectal variant of bridge 1 . 
[Local, Eng.] 
burgee (ber'je), n. [Origin obscure.} 1. 
.\ttut., a swallow-tailed flag or pendant: m the 
merchant gervice it generally has the ship's 
name upon it. 2. A kind of small coal used 
for burning in engine-furnaces. 
burgeint, . and r. See burgeon. 
burgen, . and r. Bee burgeon. 
burgenett, " See burganet. 
burgensic (ber-jen'sikj, a. [< ML. burgentu, a 
citizen, a burgess (see burgess), + -ic.J Of or 
pertaining to a burgh or town. 
I strongly believe that the continual Intercourse between 
the towns of the several trading countries of the Middle 
Ages, kept up especially by the Hunsr Towns, may not 
have been without Influence in producing a general simi- 
larity of development of &nramufa Mu ' la them all. 
KiuilM r)i'W (E. E. T. S.), Int., p. liv. 
burgeois, . See bimrgeoitfi. 
burgeon (ber'jon), . [Also written bourgeon, 
after mod. F., early mod. E. also burgein, bur- 
gen; < ME. burgen, burqyon, burjoun, burjion, 
burf/on, < OF. borjon, burjon, F. bourgeon, a 
bud ; referred by some to OHG. burjan, raise, 
lift up.] 1. A bud; a sprout. 
In the moneth of May, when medoes belie grene, 
And all florisshet with tlotlres the tildes abolltti ; 
fiurinitit of iKiwes brethit full swete, 
Florisshet full falre. 
DmtructwH of Trot/ (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 2738. 
And the hyttyng awey of the root of the vyne must lie 
don In March, and sum men wll say it mn-t be don or 
[IwforeJ the knot t Is bcgyime to burgeon y 1 for the streit 
drauing the Inirtifotw In- not huet Ihurt). 
'Ariuild'* Chronicle, 1504 (ed. 1811), p. 167. 
2. A boss used for the cover of a book, to pre- 
vent injury to the binding. Often written bur- 
gcii. 
burgeon (b6r'jou), r. i. [Also written bourgeon, 
after mod. F., early mod. E. also burgein, bur- 
gen, < ME. burjon, burgenrn, burgyneu, burjonen, 
Oorgounen, < OF. horjoner, bourjonner, F. bour- 
(/coniier, trad; from the noun: see burgeon, w.] 
To bud; sprout; put forth new buds; shoot 
forth, as a branch. 
Whenne graffes Igrafts) gyiineth swelle In (mrni/n.viip*. 
1'aUadiiu, Uusbondrle (E. F.. T. H.), p. 74. 
Ni'\v bourgeon* every maze of quick 
Alxuit the flowering stjuares, and thick 
By ashen roots the violets blow. 
Tennt/wm, In Memorial!!, cxv. 
burgess (ber'jes), ii. [< ME. burgeitt, < OF. bur- 
</ein, F. bourgeois = Pr. borgrs = Sp. burgr* = 
Pg. burguez = It. borgncse, < ML. burgenxix, a 
citizen, < burqu*, a borough, a town : see bor- 
ough\ lui i-ii 1 .} 1. In England, an inhabitant 
of a borough or walled town, or one who pos- 
sesses a tenement therein; a citizen or free- 
man of a borough. 
Not a potty Im i-iirmt of some town, 
No, not a villager, hath yet apiiear'd 
In your assistance. Ford, Ivrkin \Varlieck, III. 4. 
2. A representative of a borough in the British 
Parliament. 
The majority of the buratMH had been relumed by 
constituent liodlcs remodelled In a manner which was 
generally regarded as Illegal. Nncatihiy, Hist. Eng., x. 
Hence 3. (n) The title ^iven before the revo- 
lution to the representatives in the popular 
branch of the legislature of Virginia, which was 
st \leil the House of Burgesses, but is now 
called the House of Delegates, (ft) The title of 
members of the lower house in the colonial 
legislature of Maryland. 4. A magistrate of 
:i corporate town. In Connecticut boroughs thctoanf 
<t/'burp6MMOonrw|>onils to the township Iniard or Itoard of 
n nsteeH ill Home oilier States, or to the common council of 
:t cit\. Ilii-i-lii, i < \.viitive offlcerof a IViiusylvanian l>or- 
oiiKh is called tin- - In' ;' t'liiyfif. 
5. A member of the corporation of a Scotch 
burgh; now, any inhabitant of a burgh of full 
age, ruled for poor-rates, and not in arrears, 
and who for a |.eriod of three years has occu- 
pied any house, -.hop. or other building in it. not 
lieing an alien anil not having received either 
burghmote 
parochial or burgh relief for twelve months pre- 
ceding the last Whit sninUv. Burgess list, tin n-t 
of municipal electors annually drawn llpliy t 
of the poor In England. Burgess roll, the burgeai list u 
revised l>y the revising barrister and recorded. iKng.J 
burgess-snip (ber'jes-ship), w. [< burgesn + 
-xli 1 1/.] The state or condition of being a bur- 
gess. South. 
And that no prentice haue hi* fredom of Burgtahipi*, 
but he serue out fiUle vll. yere of prenti 
/. Gfld.(E 
. 
. F.. T. 
S0. 
burgessyt, . [ME. "burgeisie, borgeysye, < 
OFT bourgesie, borgoisie, mod. F. bourgeoisie 
( = Pr. borguritia = It. borglienia), citizenship, 
< burgeis, mod. F. bourgeois, a citizen: see 
bourgeoisie, burgess.] Citizenship. 
Mamies lyf Ine the crthe Is aw I. 
AytiMlrn/ Inieit, p. 181. 
burggrave, burggravess, . See burgrare, bur- 
grarcgn. 
burgh (berg or bur'6), . [Like burg, a North. 
E. and Sc. and old law form of E. liorough 1 , 
ME. burgk, burg, etc., AS. burh: see borough^.] 
A corporate town or borough ; more especially, 
the Scotch term corresponding to the English 
borough, applied to several different kinds of 
corporations, and to towns and cities in Scot- 
land. - Burgh acres, acres or small patches of land ly- 
ing in the neighborhood of royal burghs, usually fened 
out to and occupied by burgesses or persons resident 
within the burgh. Burgh Of barony, a corporation 
somewhat analogous to a royal burgh, consisting of a 
determinate tract of ground within the liarony, erected 
by the feudal superior and subjected to the govern- 
ment of magistrates. The right of electing magistrates 
is vested by the charter of erection sometime* In the 
harou or superior of the l>arony, and sometime* In the 
inhabitants themselves.- Burgh of regality, a kind of 
burgh of barony which had regal or exclusive jurisdic- 
tion within Its own territory. Convention of royal 
burghs. See coMwiitioii. Councilor of a burgh. See 
amnfilor. Free burgh, a burgh of barony which en- 
joyed, by crown charter, rights of trade both home and 
foreign, but which at the same time had to t>car cerUIn 
public burdens as the price of Its privileges. Parlia- 
mentary burgh, a burgh or town which sends, or unites 
with others In Bending, a representative to Parliament. 
In parliamentary burghs the mode of electing councilors 
and magistrates Is the same as in royal burghs. Police 
burgh, in England, any populous place the lioutidarlesof 
which lia\c heen ascertained under la and 14 Viet., xxxiif., 
and the affairs of which are managed by commissioners 
elected by the Inhabitants. Royal burgh, in Scotland, 
a corporate tiody erecU'd by a charter from the crown. 
The corporation consists of the magistrates and hurgesgc* 
of the territory erected into the hurgh. The magistrates 
are generally a provost and bailies, dean of gild, trea- 
surer, and common council. 
burghal (ber'gal), a. [< burgh + -a/.] Of or 
pertaining to a burgh: as, burghal government. 
burghbotet, [An old law form of AS. bttrg- 
bot, < burg, burh, borough, + hot, compensa- 
tion, boot: see boot 1 .] In oM Eng. Itur, a con- 
tribution toward the building or repairing of 
castles or walls for the defense of a city or 
town. Also burlibot. 
burgh-brechet, w. [An old law form of ME. 
bureh-brirhf, AS. burg-brief, -bryce, -brece, < 
burg, borough, + bryet, brice, breach : see 
breath.] In Anglo-Sajron Itiv, the offense of 
violating the pledge given by every inhabi- 
tant of a tithing to keep the peace. 
burgher (ber'ger), . [Not in ME. or AS., but 
funned after D. burgtr = MLO. borgere = 
OHG. burgari, MHO. burgarr, burger, G. bur- 
ger = Dan. borgcr = Sw. borgare (> Icel. bor- 
</ari), a citizen; < burgh + -er 1 .] 1. An in- 
habitant of a burgh or iiorough, who enjoys the 
privileges of the oorongh of which he is a free- 
man ; hence, any citizen of a borough or town. 
At Cologne, in the eleventh century, the terms I 
and merchants are alternately used as synonymous. 
Kn,ili*li Gililt (E. E. T. 8.X Int., p. ev. 
2. [cop.] One of a body of PreKbvterians in 
Scotland, constituting one of the divisions of 
the early Secession Church. ThU church became 
divided in* 1747 Into the Associate Synod, or llnrgher*. and 
the (Jeneral Associate Synod, or Antlbiirghers, on the law- 
fulness of accepting the oath then required to lie taken 
by the burgesses In Edinburgh, Glasgow, and I'erth. See 
A ntibvrgHrr. 
burghennaster (ber'ger-mas'ter), N. [=G. btir- 
grrmriittfr.] Same as burgomaster, 1. 
burghership (ber'ger -ship), it. [< burgher 
+ -filii/i.] The state or privilege of being a 
burgher. 
burgh-halfpennyt, H. Formerly, a duty pay- 
able to the superior of a town for liberty to set 
up a stall in market. Also bortl-nnlfitenny. 
burghmaster (berg'mas'tor), H. [< burgh + 
matter: after/n/ri/oiHrt-sJer.] Same as bHrgontaf- 
;,-. i. 
burghmote t, ". [An old law form of AS. burh- 
iiemfit. n borough-meeting, < burh, burg, borough, 
