calcar 
Calcarate Foot of 
Pheasant (Polyplfc- 
trtm thibetanum}. 
In metal, an annealing-arch or -oven. 
Knight. 
Calcarate (kal'ka-rat), a. [< L. calcar, a spur 
(see calcar 1 ), + -ate 1 .] In bot. 
and sool., spurred; furnished 
with spurs or spur-like pro- 
cesses: as, a calcarate corolla, 
such as that of larkspur. 
calcarated (kal'ka-ra-ted), a. 
Same as calcurate. 
Calcarea (kal-ka're-a), n. pi. 
[NL., neut. pi. of L.'*rfwewj*, 
calcarius: see calcareous.'] The 
chalk-sponges, which have the 
skeleton composed chiefly of 
carbonate of lime : now gener- 
ally regarded as one of two 
main divisions or subclasses of 
Spnngice, the other being Silicea. 
calcareo-. Combining form of 
calcareous (Latin calcarius). 
calcareo-argillaceous (kal- 
ka"r.e-6-ar-ji-la'shius), a. Consisting of or con- 
taining a mixture of chalk or lime and clay: 
as, a calcareo-argillaceous soil. 
calcar e obi tuminous (kal - ka " re - 6 - bi - tu ' mi- 
nus), a. Consisting of or containing lime and 
bitumen. 
calcareocorneous (kal-ka"re-6-k6r'ne-us), a. 
Consisting of substance that is both chalky and 
horny: as, the calcareocorneous jaw of a mol- 
lusk. 
calcareosiliceous (kal-ka/re-6-si-lish'us), a. 
Consisting of or containing chalk and sand 
mixed together: as, the calcareosiliceous beds 
of the ocean. 
calcareosulphurOUS (kal-ka"re-6-sul'fer-us), a. 
Having lime and sulphur in 'combination, or 
partaking of both. 
calcareous (kal-ka're-us), a. [Formerly, and 
more correctly, calcarious, < L. calcarius, per- 
taining to lime, < calx (calc-), lime : see calx 1 ."] 
Partaking of the nature of lime; having the 
qualities of lime; containing lime; chalky: as, 
calcareous earth or stone Calcareous algse, ma- 
rine algpe which in process of growth secrete large quan- 
tities of lime, obscuring their vegetable structure and giv- 
ing the appearance of coral ; coralline algjc. Some are 
attached at the base in the ordinary manner ; others form 
incrustations on rocks and other objects. Calcareous 
sacs, in anat. t same as caictferoux ylandu (which see, 
under glaiul). Calcareous spar, crystallized calcium 
carbonate or calcite. Also called calc-spar. See calcite. 
Calcareous sponges, the chalk-sponges, or Calcupongm. 
Calcareous tufa, an alluvial deposit of calcium car- 
bonate. See calcite. 
calcareousness (kal-ka're-us-nes), w. The 
quality of being calcareous. 
calcaria, . Plural of calcar 1 . 
calcariferous (kal-ka-rif 'e-rus), a. [Improp. < 
L. calcarius, of lime, + ferre = E. bear 1 . The 
proper form is calciferous, q. v.] In geol. and 
mineral.j lime-yielding: as, calcariferous strata. 
Also applied to petrifying springs charged with carbonate 
of lime, which is deposited as a crust of calcareous tufa. 
[Rare.] 
calcariform (kal-kar'i-f6rm), a. [< L. calcar, 
a spur, + forma, shape.] In bot. and zool., 
shaped like a calcar or spur ; spur-like. 
calcarine (kal'ka-rin), a. [X calcar 1 + -ine 1 .] 
1 . Pertaining to or resembling the heel or heel- 
bone; calcaneal. W. H. Flower. 2. Pertain- 
ing to the calcar of the brain Calcarine sulcus 
or fissure, that fissure of the hrain which causes a pro- 
jection on the floor of the posterior horn of the lateral 
ventricle, giving rise to the hippocampus minor. See 
sidcus. 
calcarioust, a. See calcareous. 
calcarpne (kal-ka-ro'ne), n. ; pi. calcaroni (-ne). 
[It. dial., aug. 6i calcara, a kiln.] A kiln of 
simple construction used for obtaining sulphur 
from its ores. It has a base sloping to an outlet where 
the melted sulphur may flow out. The sides are made of 
masses of gypsum. The kiln is tilled with sulphur ore 
which is heaped above the side walls and covered with 
burned-out ore. The sulphur ore is then lighted at the 
top, and the heat of combustion gradually melts the sul- 
phur throughout the kiln. The melted mass runs off 
through the outlet at the base. 
calcaset, See colocasia. 
Calcatores (kal-ka-to'rez), u. pi. [NL., pi. of 
L. calcator, a treader (of grapes), < calcare, 
pp. calcatus, tread, trample, < calx (calc-), the 
heel: see calx?.] In Blyth's system of classifi- 
cation (1849), an order of birds containing the 
Pressirostres and Longirostres of Cuvier; the 
stampers. [Not in use.] 
calcatoryt (kal'ka-to-ri), n. [< LL. calcato- 
riiiiii, a wine-press, < L. calcator, one who treads 
(grapes) : see Calcatores.] A wine-press. 
Above it well the calcatory make, 
A wyne pitte the oon half either to take. 
Palladia, Husboudrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 17. 
760 
E. H. calcet, " [< L. calx (calc-), lime, chalk: see 
calx 1 and chalk.'] Lime. 
Sub. How do you sublime him ? 
Face. With the calce of egg-shells, white marble, talc. 
B. Jonson, Alchemist, ii. 1. 
calceamentum (kal"se-a-men'tum), n. ; pi. cal- 
ceamenta (-til). [ML.', "a particular use of L. 
calceamentum, a covering for the foot, < cal- 
ceare, furnish with shoes: see calceate, ?.] A 
sandal forming a part of the imperial insignia 
of the Holy Roman Empire. It was made of 
red silk richly embroidered, and in shape re- 
sembled the Roman sandal. 
calceatat, . [ML. : see causeway.] A cause- 
way. E. Phillips, 1706. 
calceate (kal'se-at), v. t. ; pret. and pp. calce- 
ated, ppr. calceating. [< L. calceatus, pp. of 
calccare, shoe, < calceus, also calcius, a shoe, 
a half -boot, < calx (calc-), the heel: see calx 2 .] 
To shoe ; fit with shoes. [Rare.] 
calceate, calceated (kal'se-at, -a-ted), a. [< 
L. calceatus, pp. : see the verb.] Shod ; fitted 
with or wealing shoes. Johnson. [Rare.] 
calced (kalst), a. [< L. calceus, a shoe, + -erf 2 
= -ate 1 : see calceate."] Shod ; wearing shoes : 
as, a calced Carmelite (that is, one who does 
not belong to the discalced or barefooted order 
of Carmelites). 
calcedon (kal'se-don), . [See chalcedony."] In 
jewelry, a foul vein, like chalcedony, in some 
precious stones. Also spelled chalcedou. 
calcedonic, calcedonian, a. See chalcedonic, 
chalcedonian. 
calcedony, . See chalcedony. 
calcedonyx, n. See clwlcefynyx. 
calceiform (kal'se-i-f6rm), a. [< L. calceus, a 
shoe, + forma, sh'ape.] Having the form of a 
shoe or a slipper, as the coroUa of Calceolaria. 
Also calceolate. 
Calceolaria (kal"se-o-la'ri-a), 11. [NL., so 
called from the resemblance of the inflated co- 
rolla to a slipper, fem. of L. calceolarias, per- 
taining to calceolus, a slipper, dim. of calceus, 
shoe: see calceate, v.] A large genus of orna- 
mental herbaceous or shrubby plants, natural 
order Scroithutariacea!, natives of the western 
side of America, from the Strait of Magellan to 
Mexico. They are distinguished by a peculiar corolla 
with two deeply saccate lips, the lower one the larger. 
Several species have long been cultivated as house- and 
bedding-plants, and have now become very greatly modi- 
fied by hybridization. The roots of C. arachnoiaea, the 
parent of many of our hybrids, are used in Chili for dye- 
ing woolen cloth crimson, under the name of relbttn. 
The plant is sometimes called xlipperwort. 
calceolate (kal'se-o-lat), a. [< L. calceolus, 
dim. of calceus, a shoe: see calceate. r.] Same 
as calceiform. 
calces, n. Plural of calx' 2 . 
calcic (kal'sik), o. [< L. calx (calc-),_ lime, + 
-ic.] Of or pertaining to lime ; containing cal- 
cium: as, calcic chlorid, or chlorid of calcium. 
calcicole (kal'si-kol), a. [< L. calx (calc-), 
lime, + colere, inhabit.] Growing upon lime- 
stone : said of lichens. 
They [saxicole lichens] may be divided into two sections, 
viz., calcicole and calcifugous. Encyc. Brit., XIV. 562. 
calcidera (kal-sid'g-rii), n. [Prob. African.] 
A bark used by the natives of the western coast 
of Africa for the cure of fevers. 
calciferous (kal-sif 'e-rus), a. [< L. calx (calc-), 
lime, + ferre = E. bear 1 .] Containing carbo- 
nate of lime. Applied to calcareous sandstones occur- 
ring in northern New York and Canada, and further west, 
of which the geological position is near the base of the 
Lower Silurian series, and directly above the Potsdam 
Sandstone. In some localities the calciferous formation 
consists of impure magnesian limestone, portions of which 
are very hard and silicious, and contain geodes of quartz 
crystals. Calciferous asbestinite. See asbestinite. 
Calciferous glands. See gland. 
calcific (kal-sif'ik), a. [< L. calx (calc-). lime. 
+ -ficus, <. fa cere, make.] In eool. taAaaat,, 
calcifying or calcified ; that makes or is con- 
verted into chalk or other salt of lime: as, a 
calcific deposit in cartilage or membrane in the 
process of forming bone ; a cateific process. 
Specifically applied, in ornith., to that part of the oviduct 
of a bird where the egg-shell is secreted and deposited 
upon the egg-pod. CalClflC segment. See ealei.fi/. 
calcification (kaFsi-fi-ka'shon), . [< calcify : 
see -fication and -/'/.] 1. A changing into lime ; 
the process of changing or being changed into 
a stony substance by the deposition of salts of 
lime, as in the formation of petrifactions. 2. 
In zool. and anat., the deposition of salts of lime 
in any tissue, as in membrane or cartilage in 
the formation of bone. But calcification may occur, 
as in cartilage, in old age or disease, without involving 
the histological changes leading to the production of true 
calcine 
bone ; hence there is a distinction between ossification and 
calcification. 
3. A calcific formation or structure. 
calciform (kal'si-form), a. [< L. calx (calc-), 
lime, + forma, form.] 1. In the form of chalk 
or lime. 2. Shaped like a pebble; pebbly; 
gravelly. 
calcifugous (kal-sif 'u-gus), a. [< L. calx (calc-), 
lime, + fugere, flee, + -ous. Cf. calcicole.] 
Avoiding limestone : applied to certain saxico- 
lous lichens, and opposed to calcicole. 
calcify (kal'si-fi), v. ; pret. and pp. calcified, ppr. 
calcifying. [< L. calx (calc-), lime, + -ficare, < 
facere, make : see -fy.] I. trans. To make 
calcic ; harden by secreting or depositing a salt 
of lime Calcifying or calcific segment, in ornith., 
the calcittc tract or portion of the oviduct of a bird, also 
called the uterus, where the egg-shell is secreted and de- 
posited upon the egg-pod. 
II. intrans. To turn into bone or bony tissue ; 
become hard like bone, as cartilage or mem- 
brane, by the deposition or secretion of a salt 
of lime. 
calcigenous(kal-sij'e-nus), a. [<L. calx(calc-), 
lime, + -genus, < gignere, genere, produce.] In 
cheni., forming lime or calx: applied to the 
common metals, which with oxygen form a 
calx or earth-like substance. 
calcigerous (kal-sij'e-rus), a. [< L. calx(calc-), 
lime, + gerere, bear, -t- -ows.] Producing or 
containing lime ; calcophorous : as, the calci- 
gerous tubules of bone. 
calcigrade (kal'si-grad), a. [< L. calx (calc-), 
heel, + gradi, walk.] Walking on the heel; 
sinking the heel deeper than the other parts of 
the foot in walking. 
calcimeter (kal-sim'e-ter), n. [< L. calx (calc-), 
lime, + metntm, measure.] An apparatus in- 
vented by Scheibler for testing bone-dust and 
other materials for lime. 
calcimine (kal'si-min or -mm), n. [< L. calx 
(calc-), lime, 4- -mine for -ine 2 .] A superior 
kind of white or tinted wash for the walls of 
rooms, ceilings, etc. Incorrectly, tcalsomine. 
calcimine (kal'si-min or -min), v. t. ; pret. and 
pp. calcimined, ppr. calcimining. [< calcimine, 
H.] To wash or cover with calcimine: as, to 
calcimine walls. Also, incorrectly, Tailsomine. 
calciminer (kal'si-mi-uer), n. One who calci- 
mines. Also, incorrectly, kalsomiin r. 
calcimurite (kal-si-mn'rit), w. [< L. calx (ealc-), 
lime, + m-uria, salt liquor: see muriatic.] A 
species of earth of a blue or olive-green color, 
of the consistence of clay. It consists of cal- 
careous earth and magnesia tinged with iron. 
calculable (kal'si-na-bl or kal-si'na-bl), a. [< 
calcine + -able; = F. calcinable.] "Capable of 
being calcined or reduced to a friable state by 
the action of fire. 
calcinatet (kal'si-nat), v. t. [< ML. calcinatus, 
pp. of caldnare : see calcine.] To calcine. Ba- 
con. [Rare.] 
calcination (kal-si-na'shon), . [< ME. calci- 
nacioiin, -tioii, < F. calcination, etc., < ML. calci- 
niitio(n-), < calcinare, pp. calcinatus : see cal- 
cine.] 1. The act or operation of calcining, or 
expelling from a substance by heat some vola- 
tile matter with which it is combined, or which 
is the cementing principle, and thus reducing 
it to a friable state. Thus chalk and carbonate of 
lime are reduced to lime by calcination or the expulsion 
of carbonic acid. See calcine., v. I. 
2. In metal. : (a) The operation of reducing a 
metal to an oxid or metallic calx : now called 
oxidation. Ure. (6) The process of being cal- 
cined, or heated with access of air: nearly 
equivalent to roastin//. (c) The process of 
treating certain ores, especially of iron, for the 
purpose of making them more manageable in 
the furnace, nothing being taken from or added 
to the material thus treated. This is done with 
some Swedish iron ores. 
calcinatory (kal'sin- or kal-sin'a-to-ri), .; pi. 
calcinatories (-riz). [< ML. calcinatorium (sc. 
ras, vessel), neut. of "caleiiinlorn/f, pertaining 
to calcination, < calcinare, pp. calcinatus: see 
calcine.] A vessel used in calcination. 
calcine (kal'sin or kal-sin'), i: ; pret. and pp. 
calcineil, ppr. calcining. [< F. caleiner = Pr. 
Sp. Pg. cdlcinar = It. calcinare, < ML. culei- 
nare, reduce to a calx, < L. calx (ctilc-), lime, 
calx: see calx 1 .] I. tr/nix. 1. To convert into 
lime or calx by the action of heat ; treat (lime- 
stone) by the process of calcination for the 
formation of lime. [Rare.] 2. To oxidize, as 
a metal, by heating. [Rare.] 3. In metal., 
to subject to the action of heat, with access of 
air: nearly equivalent to roast (which see). 
Calcined cocoon. s ee oocwti. 
