calico-wood 
calico-wood (kal'i-ko-wud), . The snowdrop- 
tree, Hatcxia ti'lri/iil' ni, of the southern United 
States, having a soft, compact, liglit-brown 
wood. 
calicula (kn-lik'u-ljl), .; pi. atlicuke (-le). 
[NI..., I'.; <!'. I-, ailir.iiiiin, m., dim. of cnli 
/<(-), 11 cup; luit tlu> proper form would be '<///- 
cuta: sue calt/cle.] 1. Acalycle. 2. [cap.] A 
genus of lepidopterous insects. Walker, 1858. 
calicular (ka-lik'ii-liir), . f< L. rnliriilim (see 
caliculii) + -ar.] Formed like a cup; calathi- 
fonn; cyathiform : as, " ealirulnr leaves," .Sir 
'/'. Hrairiii; \'n\K- Err., ii. 3. 
caliculate (kn-lik'u-lat), . [<NL. cnliciiiniii.i, 
< eiilii'iiln, q. v.] 1. In &. and zoiil., same as 
rnlicidar. 2. Having a ealicula or calyx. 
calidt (kal'id), a. [< L. c/ilklua, hot, < </<//. 
be hot. Hence also ult. (< L. calMus) caldron, 
i-liiiltlri'ii, rlmldi r, etc., and (< calere) etHefarimi. 
i-iili'i'i/. i-liitfe, color, calorie, etc.] Hot; burning; 
ardent. 
calidad (ka-li-diid'), . [8p., = E. quality, q. v.] 
A Cuban tobacco of superior quality, 
calidge (kal'ij), . A land of Indian pheasant: 
same as kalecge. W. H. Russell. 
calidityt (ka-lid'i-ti), n. [< L. as if "caliditas, 
< caliaus, hot: see calid.] Heat. 
Nor doth it [lce| only submit unl.. an actual heat lint 
not endure the potential calidity of many waters. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., II. 1. 
Oalidris (kal'i-dris), n. [NL. (as a genus in 
Cuvier, 1799-1800; improp. chaUdris, Belon, 
1555), < Gr. Ka/iidpif, a var. reading of OKa^.idpic, 
in Aristotle, a speckled water-bird, prob. the 
redshank (Totanus calidris, Linnnus), perhaps 
< ovcoAif (ovi-a/Un-), a hoe, mattock, shovel, < an.a>.- 
faiv, stir up, hoe, probe, search. Cf. Ereunetes 
('searcher'), applied to a genus of sandpipers, 
in allusion to their probing habits.] 1. [I. &J 
An old name of sundry small spotted wading 
birds of Europe, of the family Scolopacidfe. See 
Arenaria. 2. A genus of sandpipers (Brisson, 
1760), with the knot, Tringa canutus, as the 
type. 3. [I. c.] The specific name (Linnnus, 
1766) of the spotted redshank, Totanus calidrin. 
4. A genus of three-toed sandpipers, includ- 
ing ouly the sanderling, Calidris arenaria. This 
is the current meaning of the word, dating back 
to Cuvier, 1800. 5. [I. c.] The specific name 
of the sanderling with those who call the bird 
Arenaria calidris. 
caliduct (kal'i-dukt), n. [< L. calere, be warm 
(or ealidus, warm), + iliictim. a leading (see 
duct) ; more correctly caloriduct, q. v.] A pipe 
or duct used to convey hot air or steam from a 
furnace to the apartments of a house. [Rare.] 
calif, caliph (ka?lif ), n. [< ME. califfe, caliphe, 
< F. calife, < Ar. khalifa, khalifah (> Turk, kha- 
lifa), ealif, lit. a successor, < khalafa, succeed.] 
Literally, a successor: the title given to the 
successor of Mohammed as head of the Moslem 
state and defender of the faith. The calif is vested 
with absolute authority in all matters pertaining to the 
religion and i-i\il polity of the Mohammedans. He is 
called imam by the Shiahs, who hold that the successor of 
Mohammed should he a descendant of the prophet's own 
family. (See imam.) The Sunui Mohammedans hold that 
the calif should be one of the Koreish, the tribe to which 
the prophet belonged. Four so-called "perfect" califs 
reigned at Medina from the death of Mohammed to 661, 
IS Ominiad califs at Damascus to 750, and 37 Abbasid 
cnlifs at Bagdad to 1258, when the temporal power of the 
califs was overthrown by the Turks. There were, how- 
ever, titular Abbasid califs in Egypt (successors of a mem- 
ber of the family who fled thither in 1258) until the usur- 
pation of the califate by the Turkish sultan Selim I. 
(1612-20); the office has since remained iu the Ottoman 
(Sunni) dynasty. The title calif was assumed by the Om- 
miad rulers of Mohammedan Spain at Cordova (756-1031), 
after the overthrow of the family in Asia. The Fatimite 
rulers of Egypt (1)09-1171) also called themselves califs. 
Also spelled kalif, khalif, etc. 
califate, caliphate' (ka'li-fat). M. [< calif + 
-ate*. Cf. Turk, kltatifet, Ar. khalafa, califate.] 
The office or dignity of the califs, or the govern- 
ment of a calif. Also spelled caliphat, kalifate, 
khalit'iitr. 
California coffee, condor, jack, etc. See the 
nouns. 
California!! (kal-i-f6r'ni-an), a. and n. [< Cali- 
fornia + -an.] I. a. Of'or belonging to Cali- 
fornia, one of the Pacific States of the United 
States : as, Californian gold. 
II. H. A native or an inhabitant of Califor- 
nia. Lower Californian. pertaining to, or an Inliabi- 
tant of, Lower or Baja California, a peninsular territory 
of Mexico, south of the State of California (in this relation 
enllril I pper or Altu California). 
califship (ka'lif-ship), H. [< calif + -ship.] 
Same as califiitr. 
caliga (kal'i-'ga), . ; pi. raliga: (-je). [L., a shoe, 
a boot, esp. a soldier's boot. Of. cntceuf, a shoe, 
765 
and see calceate.] 1. In Rom. anttq.. a mili- 
tary shoe; the most common form of foot-cov- 
ering of all ranks up to centurion, it consisted 
of a strong sole with projecting nails, having secured in it 
in the most usual form, a number of stra| or thongs so 
'I iu to inclose the foot as high M the ankle, but 
leaving the toes exposed. 
2. A bishop's stocking. See buskin, n., 5. 
Our English bishops began at an early period to wear 
these califfa or episcopal stockings. 
Hack, Church of our Fathers, II. 249. 
caligatet (kal'i-gat), n. [< L. caligatus, booted, 
< culiiin, a shoe, a boot.] 1. One wearing 
stockings. 2. A common soldier; also, a 
faint-hearted coward. Cote*, 1717. 
caligated (kal'i-ga-ted), a. [< L. caligatus, 
booted, < caliga, a boot.] In ornith., lamini- 
plantar ; having the typical osciue tarsus. 
Having only nine primaries and caiiffated tarsi, It was 
an osclne form. 
P. L. Setater, Cat Birds Brit. Mus., XI. 50. 
caligation (kal-i-ga'shon), n. [< L. caligatio(n-), 
< t-dligan; pp. rdliii>ilii.t,\w in darkness, < caligo, 
darkness: see caligo.] Darkness: dimness; 
cloudiness; specifically, dimness of sight: as, 
" a caligation or dimness," Sir T. liroione, Vulg. 
En-., iii. 18. 
Caligidse (ka-lij'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Caligus 
+ -ida:] A family of siphonostomous crusta- 
ceans, the species of which are ectoparasitic 
upon fishes. They have a flat body with a shield- or 
buckler-like cephalothorax, and small or reduced abdo- 
men ; a large genital segment, especially In the female ; 
four pairs of blramous pleopods or swimming-feet : and a 
suctorial mouth with stylifonii mandibles. The females 
have long, string-like egg-tubes. The Caligidit live on 
the skin and gills of marine fishes. There are a number 
of genera besides Califfus. 
Caligides (ka-li-zhed'), pi- [F. pi., repr. NL. 
Caligidte, q. v.] In Latreille's system of clas- 
sification, a tribe of his Siphoitostoma, or para- 
sitic crustaceans, approximately equivalent to 
the modern order t&phonostoma. 
caliginosity (ka-lij-i-nos'i-ti), . [< L. as 
if *caliginosita(t-)s, < caliginosus, caliginous.] 
Darkness ; dimness. [Bare.] 
caliginous (ka-lij'i-nus), a. [< L. caliainosus, 
< caligo (caligin-), darkness : see caligo.] Dim ; 
obscure; dark. HaUiwell. [Rare.] 
caliginously (ka-lij'i-nus-li), adv. Obscurely. 
[Rare.] 
caliginousness(ka-lij'i-mis-m-s), n. Dimness; 
obscurity. [Rare.] 
caligo (ka-li'go), M. [L., darkness, dimness, 
prop, mist, vapor, fog.] 1. Dimness of sight; 
caligation. Also called achlys. 2. [ca^.] [NL.] 
A genus of butterflies, of the subfamily Bras- 
solince. C. eurylochia is the enormous owl-butterfly of 
South America, sometimes expanding 9 inches. C. urarmx 
Is another species with an orange bar across the wings. 
caligrapher, caligraphic, etc. See calligra- 
pher, etc. 
caligula (ka-lig'u-la), n. ; pi. caligula (-le). [L. 
caligula, dim. of caliga, a boot,, esp. a soldier's 
boot: see caliga.] 1. In ornith., a boot; an 
ocreate or fused tarsal envelop. 2. [cop.] 
[NL.] A genus of lepidopterous insects. Moore, 
1862. 
Caligus (kal'i-gus). n. fNL., < L. caliga, a 
boot.] A genus of parasitic suctorial crusta- 
ceans, of the group called Epizoa. or fish-lice, 
haying the elongated labium and metastoma 
united in a tube which incloses the sharp styli- 
forrn mandibles, typical of the family CaUgiace. 
C. curtus is a parasite of the cod. 
calimanco, . See calamanco. 
calin (ka'lin), n. [Sp. calin = Pg. mltm; of 
Eastern origin.] A compound metal, of which 
the Chinese make tea-canisters and the like. 
The ingredients are, apparently, lead and tin. 
caliological (kal-i-o-loj'i-kal), a. Relating to 
oaliology. 
caliology (kal-i-ol'o-ji), . [< Gr. naJnd, a 
dwelling, hut, nest'(= L. cella, a hut, cham- 
ber: see cell), + -toyi'o, < A^jw. speak: see 
-ology.] That department of ornithology which 
relates to birds' nests. 
The extraordinary taste and ability many birds display 
In this matter, as well as the wide range of their habi- 
tudes, furnishes one of the most delightful departments 
of ornithology, called caHolagy- 
COTKW, Key to X. A. Birds, p. 227. 
calipash (kal'i-pash or kal-i-pash'), [A form 
of calabash with sense of carapace, q. v. Cf. 
mlipee.] In cookery, that part of a turtle which 
belongs to the upper shield, consisting of a f at t y 
gelatinous substance of a dull-greenish color. 
Also spelled callipash. 
For now instead of rich sir-loins, we see 
Green calipash and yellow calipee. 
Prol. > Tli:- DmMtM. 
I 
calk 
calipee (kal'i-p5 or kal-i-pt"-' ). //. [ST> mlipash.] 
That part of a turtle which belongs to the lower 
shield, consisting of :i fatty ^i-hitinous sub- 
Htance of a light-yellow color. Also spelled 
calliper. 
l>ol,liiii hi-lpe.l hiini>elf to until -uiip; for the lady of 
the house, tiefore whom the tureen wu placed, was so 
ni MI Hi oootonta, Uiat the was going to help Mr. 
Sedley without ln-stow- 
Ing upon him either call- 
pash or rat* 
Thiii-kmi'i, Vanity Kalr. 
caliper (kal'i-per), 
n. [Also written 
fnllifter, a corrup- 
tion of caliber, q. v.] 
An instrument for 
measuring diame- 
ters ; a caliber : 
commonly in the 
plural. The term cali- a spring-calipen t common form 
per or calipen Is used with arc:, r. Indde cmllpen; * tondo 
generally to denote an mnd U? id , e ^.'P* ' ' priog-cah- 
iimtt-iiiiu.iit f/r inoaaii*. I** 1 * wlUi 4*lbvtea operating screw and 
inHirumeni lor iiieusur- nut* /* Yemicr calu>crs for inside and 
Ing the exterior dlaine- ,uidV oKaturemenu which read to 
ter of any cylindrical thomandtht of incbea. 
liody, and ftar-gage or 
iiutiilr ealipm for an Instrument ued for obtaining the 
interior diameter of the bore of a gun, casing, or jacket. 
Not by volume, but by quality, which the caliperi fall 
to measure or scales weigh, does wit declare the values of 
the Imponderable essences, sensibility and thought 
Alcott, Table-Talk, p. 14.1. 
caliper (kal'i-per), c. t. [< ealiper, n. Cf. 
caliber, v.] To ascertain the diameter of (any 
cylindrical body) by means of calipers, or by a 
star-gage : as, to caliper a gun. 
caliper-gage, -rule, -square. See caliber-gage, 
etc. 
caliph, caliphate, . See calif, califate. 
Callppic (ka-lip'ik), a. [More correctly Cal- 
lipptc, < Gr. Ka'/'/tmrof, Callippus. The name 
means 'having a beautiful horse,' < KO'/'/I-, aa- 
/j%, beautiful, + tmrof = L. equus, a horse J Of 
or pertaining to Calippus (Callippus), a Greek 
astronomer of the fourth century before Christ. 
Callppic period, a period equal to four Metonic cycle* 
less one day, proposed by Calippus to correct the exceas 
of the Metonic reckoning. It contains 27,759 days. A1-. 
called Calipjnc n K U. 
Calisaya hark. See Bolivian bark, under bark%. 
calisthenic, calisthenics, etc. See callisthenic, 
etc. 
calivert (kal'i-ver), H. [Formerly also caleever, 
< F. calibre, caliber, bore: see caliber.] In the 
sixteenth century, a hand-firearm lighter than 
the musket and fired without a rest ; especially, 
such a gun when of fixed diameter or caliber 
for a whole company of soldiers using the same 
ammunition. Also spelled callirer. 
Such as fear the report of a caliver. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., IT. 2. 
He is so hung with pikes, halberts, petronels, callftrt, 
and muakeU, that he looks like a justice of peace's hall. 
/.'. Joiuon, Epiccene, Iv. 2. 
We had our particular calibre of harquebuse to our re- 
giment ... of which word calibre came first that unapt 
term we use to call a harquebuse, a ealiper. 
Mmti'in'i, Hist. London. 
calix, n. ; pi. calices. [A form of calyx, by con- 
fusion with L. calif, a cup, > E. calice, chalice. 
q. v.] See calyx. 
Calixtine 1 (ka-liks'tin), n. [< ML. Calirttm, 
a sect so called, referred to calix, a cup, the 
cup of the eucharist ; in form as if from Calix- 
tus, a proper name: see -ine 1 .] One of a sect 
of Hussites in Bohemia, who published their 
confession in 1421, the leading article of which 
was a demand to partake of the cup (calix) 
as well as of the bread in the Lord's supper, 
from which they were also called Utraquistx 
(L. Uterque, both). Their tenets were conceded by the 
articles of Basel in 1433, and they became the predominant 
party In Bohemia. They aimed t<> restore the cup to the 
laity, to subject clergy accused of crime to lay authority, 
and to deprive the clergy of lands and temporal jurisdic- 
tion. Gradually they lapsed from the Kveritr of their 
principles, and by the beginning of the sixteenth century 
had ceased to be of any importance, sen-ing only to pre- 
pare the way for Protestantism. 
Calixtine'^ (ka-liks'tin), . [< George Calixtu* 
+ -me 1 .] A follower of George Calixtus, a Lu- 
theran theologian, who died in 1656. See Sy- 
cfi list. 
calk 1 , caulk (k&k), r. t. [Prob. the same word, 
with extended sense, as ME. cauken, tread, as 
a cock, < OF. conquer, tread, tent a wound, = 
Sp. dial, calcar = Pg. calcar = It. calcare, tread, 
trample, < L. calcare, tread, trample, tread 
down, tread in, < calx (calc-), heel: see call", 
and cf. calcitrate. Cf. Gael, calc = IT. calcam, 
drive with a hammer, calk (see ca-). The mod- 
ern sense of E. calk 1 agrees with the appar. 
unrelated F. ralfulrr. i-filfnitn-r Pr. mlnfatar 
