canine 
Cortina; a dog, wolf, fox, fetmec, or jackal: a 
cynoid, thoSia, or alopecoid. 3. One of the 
four sharp-pointed tearing-teeth of most mam- 
mals, situated one on each side of each jaw, op- 
posite one another, between the incisors or cut- 
ting-teeth and the molars or grinders. They are 
long ami cupi-nully Hlinnit in the dug, whence the name 
In i In' u il< I lm;u t IN >. , i il. \ r!n|>ril into two pairs of jiro 
j\v(in tusks. The upper raninc-, in tin- tiuinitii jaw are 
called ei/i'-tfth, and tne lower ones stit<< : l: > 'A. 
caniniform ika-nin'i-fdrm), a. [< L. ciininux 
(sc. dens = E. tooth), canine, + forma, shape.] 
Resembling a canine tooth. 
No canintfonn premolars In either Jaw [of Tranulidtt\. 
Encyc. Brit., XV. 430. 
canionst (kau'yonz), n. pi. See cannon, n., 7. 
caniplet (kan'i-pl), . [A corruption of OF. 
cantrcl, also canirct, dim. of canif, knife: see 
knife.] A small knife or dagger. 
Canis (ka'nis), n. [L., a dog, =Gr. uliwv (KW-) 
= E. hound, q. v.] The typical genus of the 
family Caniaie and subfamily Canince. Tlie 
name is used with varying latitude ; ft was formerly co- 
extensive with the family, hut is now usually restricted to 
the dogs and the true wolves and jackals having 42 trHli, 
the typical canine dentition. The genus is cosmopolitan. 
Tlie common dog 
U Canit fami- 
Karis; It Is not, 
however, a spe- 
cies which CM, i- 
in nature, but la 
an artificial pro- 
duct, the result 
of domestication, 
including the de- 
scendant* of prob- 
ably several feral 
stocks. The com- 
mon wolf Is Canit 
lupus; the Jack- 
al, Canis aureu*. 
The foxes and the 
fox -like or hyena- 
like canine quad- 
rupeds are now 
usually placed in 
other genera than 
Canu, as Vulpes, 
Lycaon, Ictieyon, 
etc. Sec dog, and 
cut under Cant- 
da. Cauls Ma- 
jor, the Great 
791 
cank'' (kangk), . [E. dial. ; origin unknown.] 
The local name in the coal-regions of Derby- 
shire and Leicestershire, England, of a hard, 
ferruginous sandstone, sometimes vailed bur 
in other districts. 
canker (kang'ker), n. [< ME. canker, kankir, 
< AS. cancer = D. kanker = OHG. ehant-lun; 
The Constellation Canis Major, according to 
ancient descriptions and figures. 
5^ f 
Gome 
Procyonfo 
The Constellation Canis Minor. 
Dog, a constellation following Orion, and containing the 
great white star Slrlus, the brightest in the heavens. 
Canis Minor, the Little Dog, a small ancient constella- 
tion following Orion and 
south of Gemini. It con- 
tains the star Procyon, of 
the first magnitude. 
canister (kan'is-ter), 
n. [Formerly also 
cannister, < L. cante- 
triiiu, a basket woven 
from reeds, = MLG. 
kanaster, < Gr. ndvt- 
arpnv, ndvaarpov, a 
wicker basket, also 
an earthen vessel 
(cf. F. canastre, < Pg. 
canastra = Sp. ctiiias- 
tre, usually canasto, 
a basket: see canaster), < itdiwa, a reed: see 
cane 1 .] If. Properly, a small basket made of 
reeds, twigs, or the like. 
White lilies In full canisters they bring. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil^ Eclogues. 
2. A small box or case for tea, coffee, etc. 
3. In the Rom. Cath. Ch., the metallic vessel 
used to contain the altar-breads or wafers be- 
fore consecration. See altar-bread. 4. Can- 
ister-shot. 
canister-shot (kan'is-ter-shot), . Same as 
CtlSC-xllOt, 1. 
canities (ka-nish'i-ez), n. [L., white, hoary, 
esp. of the hair of the aged, < canus, white, 
white-haired, cam, n. pi., white hair.] In pa- 
thol., whiteness or grayness of the hair. 
canitlldet, n. [< L. canitudo, hoariness, (. canus, 
hoary: see canons.] Hoariness. Blount, 1656. 
canjica-WOOd (kau'ji-kil-wud), n. A South 
American wood, lighter and of a yellower 
brown than rosewood, it is exported from Brazil 
in trimmed logs from to 10 inches in diameter, for the 
use of cabinet-makers ami turners. Also anrrica-ipood. 
cank 1 (kangk), t;. i. [E. dial., appar. a var. of 
fa nip 1 , talk, etc. ; but cf. Icel. kanknst, refl.. 
jeer, gibe, kank, n., gibe; cf. also cackle.] 1. 
To talk. BalliiceU.2. To cackle. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
cank 2 (kangk), r. t. [E. dial., perhaps a short 
form of conquer ("conker), taken as a freq. 
verb.] To preserve; overcome; conquer; con- 
tinue. Halliicell. [Prov. Eng.] 
r, G. hanker (ME. also cancre, < OF. dial. 
cancre (F. chancre, > E. chancre, q. v.) = Sp. 
Pg. cancro, also cancer, = It. cancro, canchero, 
formerly also cancaro), a canker, < L. cancer, a 
crab, a cancer: see cancer.'] 1. A cancerous, 
gangrenous, or ulcerous sore or disease, whet 1 > < i 
in animals or plants; hence, any corroding or 
other noxious agency producing ulcerahon, 
gangrene, rot, decay, etc. 
And their word will eat as doth a canker. 2 Tim. II. 17. 
Specifically (a) Cancrum orU (which see, under cnn 
crutn). (6) A disease or fungui attacking tree* or other 
plants and causing slow decay, (c) In/arrury.adiseasein 
hones' feet, causing a discharge of fetid matter from the 
cleft in the middle of the frog, generally originating In 
a diseased thrush. 
2. A canker-worm or insect-larva that injures 
plants by feeding on them. 
To kill cankers In the musk-rose bud*. 
Shale., M. N. D., II. 3. 
3. Figuratively, anything that corrodes, cor- 
rupts, destroys, or irritates; irritation; pain; 
grief; care. 
Banish the canker of ambitious thought*. 
Skat., 2 Hen. VI., L 2. 
Grief, that's beauty's canker. Sliak., Tempest, 1. 2. 
What la this but a new learning, a new canker to nut 
and corrupt the old truth? Latimer, Miic. Sel. 
The worm, the canker, and the grief 
Are mine alone ! 
Byron, On my Thirty-sixth Year. 
4. Rust. [Prov. Eng.] 6. In bot. : (a) The 
canker-rose or field-poppy, Papaver Rhaas. (b) 
The wild dogrose, Rosa canina. 
To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rote, 
And plant this thorn, this cankrr, Bollngbroke. 
Skak., 1 Hen. IV., L X 
lie held out a rose, 
To draw the yielding sense, which, come to hand, 
He shifts, and gives a canker. 
MiddUton and Rowley, Fair Quarrel, 111. 2. 
(c) A toadstool. [Prov. Eng.] Black canker, 
a disease in turnips and other crops produced by a species 
of caterpillar. See Athalia. 
canker (kang'ker), c. [< ME. cancren (after 
Mli. cancerare), (. canker, n.] I. trans. To in- 
fect with canker, either literally or figuratively ; 
eat into, corrode, or corrupt j infect as with a 
poisonous influence ; render ill-conditioned or 
venomous; make sour and ill-natured. 
Restore to God His due In tithe and time : 
A tithe purloined cankers the whole estate. 
Q. Herbert, Church Porch, xv. 
The bramble 
No wise man ever planted by the rose, 
It canktrs all her beauty. 
Fletcher, Had Lover, iv. 4. 
May this angel 
New mould his cankered heart Coleridge. 
TL. intrans. \. To corrode; grow corrupt; 
be infected with some poisonous or pernicious 
influence ; be or become ill-conditioned or ma- 
lignant. 
And as, with age, his body uglier grows, 
80 his mind cankers. Skak., Tempest, iv. 1. 
2. To fret; become peevish. Jamieson. 3f. 
To decay or waste away by means of any nox- 
ious cause ; grow rusty or discolored by oxida- 
tion, as a metal. 
Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding. 
Bacon, Phys. and Med. Remains. 
cankerberry (kang'ker-ber'i), n. : pi. canker- 
berries (-iz). In Jamaica, the fruit of Solanum 
Bahamense. 
canker-bit (kang'ker -bit), a. Bitten with a 
cankered or envenomed tooth. Shak. 
canker-bloomt (kang'ker-bl8m), n. [= D. kan- 
kerbloem, wild rose, wild poppy.] 1. A bloom 
or flower eaten by canker. 2. A bloom or 
flower of the dogrose. 
Tlie canker-blooms have full as deep a dye 
As the perfumed tincture of the roses. 
Shak., Sonnets, liv. 
canker-blossom (kang'ker-blos'um), n. 1. A 
canker-bloom. 2. That which causes canker 
in a blossom. 
Ome! yon juggler! yon canker-blossom I 
You thief of love I ' Shak., M. N. D., Ui. 2. 
canker^iortt, n. [ME., < canker + dort.] Anxi- 
ety; distress. 
Was Trollns naught in a canker-dort. 
Chaucer, Troilni, II. 1752. 
cankered (kang'kerd), p. a. [Pp. of canker, r.] 
1. Affected with cauker: as, a cankered tree. 
canker-worm 
2. Ill-natured; cross; crabbed; venomous; ma- 
lignant; wicked. 
The baser mind It selfe dlsnlaye* 
In canend malice and revengeful! anight. 
Speiuer, Y. J., VI. rli 1. 
A canker' d grandame's will I Skak., K. John, II. 1. 
The Governor . . . assured Ills Majesty that never were 
courtesy and gentlene** so 1U requited as his had been by 
this Ingrate and cankered Duke. 
Motley, Dutch Republic, II. 480. 
cankeredly (kang'kerd-li), adv. In a cankered 
manner; crossly; crabbedly. . Mir. for Magi. 
cankeredness (kang'kerd-nes), n. The state 
of being cankered ; crabbedness. 
canker-fly (kang'ker-fli), n. Any fly that preys 
on fruit. 
cankerfrett (kang'ker-fret), r. t. [< ME. can- 
crefrete, eaten into by a canker, < canker + 
fretf, pp. of freten, fret, eat : see canker and 
fret 1 .] To eat into like a canker. 
If God break off the soul betimes from this tin, ere It 
have rankrrfrrttni the soul. I). Rogers. 
cankerfrett (kang'ker-fret), n. [< cnnkerfret, 
r.] 1. A cankerous sore or blister in the 
mouth. 2. Copperas. 
cankerlyt (kang'ker-li), a. [< canker + -iy.] 
Cankered. 
canker-nail (kang'ker-nal), n. A hangnail. 
[Scotch.] 
cankerous (kang'ker-us), a. [< canker + -ovs; 
after cancerous, q. v.] 1. Of the nature of or 
resembling canker; corrosive; ulcerous; gan- 
grenous: as, a cankerous sore or eruption. 2. 
Causing canker; chafing; corroding; ulcerat- 
ing. 
Tyrannic rule 
Unknown before, whose cankerim* shackles seiz'd 
The envenom'd soul. Thomson, Liberty, Iv. 
Hither may come the prisoner, escaping from his dark 
and narrow cell and cankerous chain. 
II a ict home. Old Manse. 
canker-rash (kang'ker-rash'), n. In pathol., a 
variety of scarlet fever complicated with ulcer- 
at ions in the throat. 
canker-root (kang'ker-rtit), n. A name of va- 
rious astringent or bitter roots used as a remedy 
for aphthee, as Statiee Caroliniana, Coptis tn- 
folia, etc. 
cankert (kang'kert), a. A Scotch form of cai- 
kered. 
Nor anxious fear, nor cankert care, 
E'er luatr come near him. 
Buna, Elegy on Robert Rulsseaux. 
canker-weedt (kang'ker-wed), n. An old name 
of the plant ragwort. 
canker-worm (kang'ker-werm), n. A name 
given to certain caterpillars which are very 
destructive to fruit- ana shade-trees. The spring 
canker-worm, Anisopteryx cernata, Is found In the I'uited 
Fig... 
Spring Canker-worm (Antotfltryx v 
Fig. i. a. full-grown larva; #. en. enlarged (natural size thown 
hi small mats at trie tide) ; c. *, ooe joint, enlarged, side and donal 
views. Fie. 2. a. t. male and female mcUu, both natural st*e; r. 
Joints of antenna of female moth i 4 loint of her abdomen, thowigg 
spines ; e. her ovipositor. ( e, tt. and t enlarged. ) 
State* from Maine to Texas. The eggs are deposited upon 
tree*. The larvc, after feeding upon the foliage for about 
a month, sometimes entirely destroying it. descend by 
threads to the ground, In which they burrow and undergo 
transformation, the moths issuing In April, or sometimes 
in March. The male U winged, out the female Is wing- 
lea*, and 1s obliged to climb up the tree-trunk in order 
to dcpcwit her eggs. Hence, an obstructive bandage, oil- 
trough, or tarred hand placed about tree* I* a common 
mode of protecting them. The / nriOw-nwrm, Anito- 
iileryz pometaria, it more distinctively a northern sped**. 
The moths tasne mainly In the fall, and the egu are ex- 
, 
posed. See geometrid, measurer, and tian-ir 
And oft he let* his canekcr-irormcs light 
Upon my braunches, to worke me more splght 
Spenser, Shep. Cal., February. 
That which the lociut hath left hath the eanJbfr-wwrwi 
Jotll.4. 
