canterbury 
what ornamental as a piece of furniture, and 
mounted on casters. 
canterbury-bell (kan'ter-ber-i-bel'), . The 
popular name of the plant Campanula Trache- 
lium, given to it by Gerard because of its abun- 
dance about Canterbury, England. The common 
canterbury-bell of the gardens is C. Medium, a native of 
central Europe, of which there are several varieties. See 
cut under Campanula. 
Canterbury gallop. See gallop. 
canterinet, a. [ME. eanteryne, < L. canterinus, 
cantkerinus, of a horse (hordeum canterinum, 
horse-barley, winter barley), < canterius, can- 
therius, a gelding.] Of a horse Canterine 
barley, horse-barley. 
This moone is sowe eke barly eanteryne ; 
Laude lene, or fatte, or drie, is for it digne. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 187. 
cant-fall (kant'fal), n. The fall rove through 
the cant-blocks at the mainmast-head of a 
whaler, forming a purchase for turning a whale 
over while flensing, or cutting off the blubber. 
cant-file (kant'fll), n. A file the cutting faces 
of which form an obtuse angle. It is used for 
filing interior faces in machine-work, aa of spanners or 
wrenches. 
Cant-frames (kant'framz), n. pi. In ship-build- 
ing, the frames or ribs of a ship which are near 
the extremities, and are canted away from the 
perpendicular. 
Cantharellus (kan-tha-rel'us), n. [NL. (Jus- 
sieu, 1789), dim. of L. cantharus, a drinking- 
cup (see cantharus), with ref. to the shape of 
the fungus; but prob. suggested by the F. 
chanterelle, a mushroom (Agaricus cantharellus, 
Linnasus, 1753): see chanterelle.] A genus of 
hymenomycetous fungi, allied to Agaricus. 
The chanterelle, Cantharellus cibaris, is a well- 
known edible species. 
canthari, n. Plural of cantharus. 
cantharid (kan'tha-rid), . [< ME. cantharide, 
cantaride = F. cantharide = Pr. Sp. Pg. canta- 
rida = It. cantaride, < L. cantharis (-rid-) : see 
Cantharis.~] If. Some worm-insect injurious 
to plants. 
Bestes forto sle 
That dooth tin vynes harm let sle the flie, 
The cantliaridt 1 in roses that we se. 
Palladium, Husbondrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 32. 
2. A beetle of the genus Cantharis or group 
Cantharides ; especially, C. vesicatoria. See 
cut unde_r Cantharis. 
Cantharidae (kan-thar'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Cantharis + -idee.'] A family of coleopterous 
insects, the type of which is the genus Can- 
tharis. Other genera are Meloe and Mylabris. 
cantharidal (kan-thar'i-dal), a. [< canthari- 
des, 2, + -/.] Pertaining to or of the nature 
of eantharides; composed of or treated with 
cantharidin. 
cantharidate (kan-thar'i-dat), n. [< cantharid- 
ic + -ate 1 .] A salt of cantharidic acid. 
Cantharides (kan-thar'i-dez), n. pi. [NL., pi. 
of L. cantharis (-rid-), the Spanish fly: or F. 
pi. of cantharide : see Cantharis.] 1. Inzool., 
a group of beetles containing the genus Cantha- 
ris and a number of closely related genera. 
2. [I. c.] A medicinal preparation of Spanish 
flies, used for blistering and other purposes. 
cantharidian (kan-tha-rid'i-an), o. [<L. can- 
tharis (-rid-), the Spanish fly, + -tan.] Pertain- 
ing to beetles of the genus Cantharis; made of 
Cantharides. 
Oh, how they fire the heart devout, 
Like cantharidian plasters. Burns, Holy Fair. 
cantharidic (kan-tha-rid'ik), a. [< cantharid-in 
4- -ic.] Pertaining to or derived from can- 
tharidin. 
cantharidin, cantharidine (kan-thar'i-din), , 
[< L. cantharis (-rid-), the Spanish fly, + -in 2 , 
-fee 2 .] A peculiar poisonous substance (CsHg 
po) existing in the Cantharis vesicatoria (Span- 
ish fly) and other insects, and causing vesica- 
tion. It is a volatile crystalline body, very soluble in 
ether, alcohol, and essential oils. Cantharidin is even bet- 
ter prepared from Mylabriii cichorii than from the Spanish 
fly, as the former insect contains less fat. It is only in 
solution that this substance possesses blistering powers. 
Cantharina (kan-tha-ri'na), n. pi. [NL., < 
Cantharus, 3, + -ina?'.] In Cfiinther's classifica- 
tion of fishes, the first group of Sparidce, having 
more or less broad trenchant teeth in front of 
the jaws, no molars nor vomerine teeth, and 
the lower pectoral rays branched. The spe- 
cies are mostly vegetable-feeders. Also Can- 
tharina:, Cantharini. 
Cantharis (kan'tha-ris), n. [L. (> E. cantharid, 
q. v.), < Gr. xavBapif, a blistering fly, < KavBapof, 
a kind of beetle. Cf . cantharus.] 1 . A genus of 
coleopterous insects having the head separated 
798 
from the thorax by a neck ; the type of the family 
Cantharidae. The best-known species is that which is 
called the Spanish or Mistering Jly, C. vesicatoria. This 
Spanish Fly ^Cunthiiris -venicatariaj. 
a, female; *, male. (Vertical lines show natural sizes. ) 
insect is or 10 lines in length, of a shining green color 
mixed with azure. It has a nauseous smell, and is when 
bruised extensively used as the active element in vesica- 
tory or blistering plasters. It feeds upon the leaves of 
trees and shrubs, preferring the ash. The flies are col- 
lected in Spain, Italy, Hungary, and southern Russia ; the 
Russian ones are the largest and most esteemed. 
2. [1. c. ; pi. eantharides (kan-thar'i-dez).] A 
member of the genus Cantharis. 
cantharus (kan'tha-rus), n. ; pi. canthari (-ri). 
[L. cantharus (ML", also cantharum, cantarus, 
cantarius, a tankard, > It. cantaro = Sp. cantaro, 
cantara : see cantara), a large drinking-cup with 
handles, a tankard, pot, also a kind of sea-fish, 
etc., < Gr. KdvSapof, a sea-fish, the sea-bream, a 
kind of beetle, etc., also a kind of drinking-cup, 
a tankard, a pot.] 1. In classical antiq., a wide- 
mouthed cup or vase, with a foot, and two han- 
dles rising above the rim. It was used espe- 
cially for drinking wine. 2. [LL.] A fountain 
or cistern in the atrium or courtyard before an- 
cient and some Oriental churches, where per- 
sons could wash before entering the church ; a 
laver. Now generally called phiale. 3. [cop.] 
[NL.] A genus of acanthopterygian fishes, of 
the family Sparidce. C. griseus, a British spe- 
cies, is known as the black bream, or black sea- 
bream. Cuvier, 1829. 4. [cop.] [NL.] A ge- 
nus of mollusks. Montfort, 1808. 
canthi, . Plural of canihus. 
canthitis (kan-thi'tis), n. [NL., < canthus + 
-itis.] Inflammation of one or both canthi of 
the eye. 
Canthon (kan'thon), n. [NL., < Gr. navBov, a 
pack-ass, applied humorously in Aristophanes 
(Pax 82) to a beetle; cf. itavBapof, a kind of 
beetle: see cantharus.] A genus of lamellicorn 
beetles, of the family Scarabceidce, containing 
dung-beetles resembling those of the genus 
Copris in having narrow epipleurre, hornless 
head and prothorax, and slender curved hind 
tibisB. C. Iceuis is a common United States spe- 
cies, black, and half an inch long. 
cant-hook (kant'huk), n. 1. A wooden lever 
with an iron hook hinged at the end for canting 
or turning over heavy logs. 2. A sling with 
hooks, used to empty casks by 
raising and tipping them. 
canthoplastic (kan-tho-plas'- 
tik), a. Pertaining to or consist- 
ing in canthoplasty : as, a can- 
thoplastic operation. 
canthoplasty (kan'tho-plas-ti), 
n. [< Gr. navBof, the corner of 
the eye (see canthus), + vAaarof, verbal adj. of 
ir'ka.aaeiv, form, mold.] The operation of slit- 
ting up the outer canthus, or corner of the eye, 
so as to enlarge the opening between the lids. 
cauthus (kan'thus), n. ; pi. canthi (-thi). [NL., 
< Gr. xavdof, the corner of the eye : see canft.] 
1. The angle formed 
by the junction of the 
eyelids. The two canthi 
of the human eye are dis- 
tinguished as the outer, 
temporal, or lesser, and 
the inner, nasal, or /''"' 
er. In most animals the 
corresponding canthi are 
called the posterior and 
anterior. 
2. In entom. : (a) One 
*, m ,,cr Cantos; 4. outer Can- of ^ upp ^. \ n( j 
canting-coin 
lower or anterior and posterior extremities of 
the compound eyes of insects. (6) A corneous 
process of the clypeus, completely or partly di- 
viding the compound eye. It is found in certain 
beetles, which thus appear to have four eyes. 
cantict, cantickt, n. [< L. canticum, q. v.] A 
song. 
[He] gave thanks unto God in some fine eanticks made 
in praise of the Divine bounty. 
Urquhart, tr. of Rabelais, t. 28. 
cantica, n. Plural of canticum. 
cantickt, See cantic. 
cantick-quoin (kan'tik-koin), n. Same as cant- 
ing-coin. 
canticle (kan'ti-kl), n. [< ME. canticle, < L. 
canticulum, dim. of canticum (> also AS. cantic), 
a song, < cantus, a singing, < canere, sing: see 
cant 2 , chant.] 1. One of the non-metrical 
hymns recorded in the Bible as sung on some 
special occasion, and expressive of joy, thanks- 
giving, or confidence in God's help. 2. One of 
these hymns, or a composition of similar char- 
acter, arranged for chanting, and so used in 
church service. Both the Roman Catholic and the 
Greek churches use as canticles the songs of Moses (Ex. 
xv. 1-19 and Deut. xxxii. 1-43), Hannah (1 Sam. ii. 1-10), 
and Habakkuk (iii. 2-19). In Isaiah the Roman Cath- 
olic Church has canticles taken from chapters xii. and 
xxxviii. (10-20), and the Greek from chapter xxvi. (9-20). 
The Roman Cathplic, Greek, and Anglican churches all use 
the Benedicite as found in the third chapter of Daniel 
in the Septuagint and Vulgate, comprising verses 35-66 
of the Song of the Three Holy Children in the English 
Apocrypha; the Greek Church also employs the preced- 
ing verses (3-34) as a separate canticle. The three taken 
from the gospels, and accordingly known as the Evangel- 
ical Canticles (namely, the Magnificat, the Benedictus, and 
the Nunc Dimittis), are also used by all the three churches 
just named. The Te Deum is accounted a canticle, al- 
though not found in the Bible. The English and Ameri- 
can Books of Common Prayer also use certain psalms as 
canticles, namely, psalms Ixvii. (Deus Misereatur), xcviii. 
(Cantate), and c. (Jubilate), to which the American book 
adds xcii. (Bonum eat) and ciii. (Benedic). Some writers 
also account the V'enite (psalm xcv.), the Gloria in Excel- 
sii, and the Trisaaion canticles. 
Specifically 3. [cap.] pi. The Songs, other- 
wise called the Song of Songs, or Song of Sol- 
omon (LL. Canticum Canticorum Salomonis), 
one of the books of the Old Testament. Until 
the nineteenth century it was universally ascribed to Solo- 
mon, but some critics now think it of later date. 
4f. A division of a song or poem ; a canto. 
Spenser. 
canticum (kan'ti-kum), .; pi. cantica (-ka). 
[L. : see canticle.] 1. In the ancient Roman 
drama, any passage sung by the actors ; espe- 
cially, in comedy, a solo accompanied by dan- 
cing and music. 2. [LL.] A canticle Canti- 
cum Canticorum, the Song of Songs, or Canticles. 
cantilate, cantilation, etc. See cantillate, etc. 
cantilet, v. t. An erroneous spelling of cantle. 
cantilena (kan-ti-le'na), n. [= F. cantilene = 
Sp. cantilena, cantinela = Pg. cantilena = It. 
cantilena, < L. cantilena, a song, in classical use 
an old song, gossip, < cantillare, dim. of cantare, 
sing: see cant 2 , chant.] 1. In medieval music : 
(a) A singing exercise or solfeggio. (6) A 
cantus firmus, or melody for church use. 2. 
In modern music, a ballad or light popular song. 
cantilever, n. See cantalicer. 
cantillate (kan'ti-lat), v. t. and i. [< L. cantil- 
latus, pp. of cantillare, sing low, hum, dim. of 
cantare, sing, chant: see cant 2 .] To chant, 
intone, or recite in a half-singing style, as in 
Jewish synagogues. Also spelled cantilate. 
[Rare.] 
cantillation (kan-ti-la'shon), n. [< L. as if 
*cantillatio(n-), < cantillare: see cantillate.] A 
chanting, intoning, or recitation in a half-sing- 
ing style : especially used in Jewish synagogues. 
Also spelled cantilation. [Rare.] 
cantillatory (kan'ti-la-to-ri), a. Chanted, or 
arranged for chanting: as, cantillatory re- 
sponses. Also spelled cantilatory. 
cantily (kan'ti-li), adc. In a canty manner; 
cheerfully ; livelily. [Scotch.] 
cantine (kan-ten'), n. See canteen. 
canting (kan'ting), p. a. [Ppr. of cant 2 , .] 1. 
Affectedly or hypocritically pious ; whining : 
as, a canting hypocrite ; a canting tone of voice. 
A pedant, canting preacher, and a qnack, 
Are load enough to break one ass's back. 
Dryden, Prol. to Pilgrim, 1. 49. 
2. In her., allusive ; descriptive of the bearer's 
name, estate, or the like. See allusive arms, 
under arm 2 . Canting coat, a coat of arms in which 
allusive bearings are used. 
canting-coin (kan'ting-koin), n. A triangular 
wooden block with which a cask is chocked to 
keep it from rolling when stowed. Also called 
cantick-quoi it . 
