Cantuarian 
Cantware, pi., the inhabitants of Kent (or Can- 
terbury): see canterbury.'] Of or pertaining 
to Canterbury, especially as the archiepis- 
copal see of the primate of the Church of Eng- 
land. 
cantus (kan'tus), n. ; pi. eantus. [L. : see chant, 
canto.'] A song or melody; especially, an ec- 
clesiastical melody or style of music Cantus 
Ambroslanus [LI..], the style of church music instituted 
by Ambrose, the first style of plain-song (which see). 
Cantus eeclesiasticus I ML. ]. (n) Church music in gen- 
eral, (b) Plain-song in particular, (c) A musical rendering 
of a liturgy, as contrasted with mere reading. Cantus 
flguratus [ML.], flgurated plain-song, or counterpoint. 
See umtafounto. Cantus firmus [ML.], the melody in 
plain-song (originally given to the tenor voice), or a melody 
taken as the theme or subject for contrapuntal composi- 
tion. See canto fermo. Cantus Gregorianus [ML.], 
the style of church music instituted by Gregory the Great, 
the second style of plain-song.- Cantus mensurabilis 
[ML.], measured or metrical melody, having all its notes 
commensurate in duration : invented about the twelfth 
century. Cantus planus [ML.], plain-song. 
canty (kan'ti), a. [North E. and So., also cant; 
< ME. cant, leant, spirited, bold: see can.* 6 .] 
Lively; sprightly; cheerful: applied to persons 
and things. 
Contented wi' little and cantie wi' mair. Bw*ns t Song. 
Then at her door the canty dame 
Would sit, as any linnet gay. 
Wordsworth, Goody Blake. 
There were the bailie's wife, and the bailie's three 
daughters, and the bailie's grown-up son, and three or 
four stout, bushy eyebrowed, canty old Scotch fellows. 
Dickens, Pickwick, xlix. 
Canuck, Kanuck (ka-nuk'), n. and a. [Of 
Amer. Lnd. origin.] I. n. A Canadian: a nick- 
name in the United States. 
II. a. Canadian. 
canula, . See cannula. 
canut (ka-nuf), n. [< NL. canutus, specific 
name of the knot: see knot 2 .'] A book-name 
of a sandpiper, the knot, Tringa canutus. See 
knot 2 . Edwards. 
canutillo (ka-n8-te'ly6), n. [Sp. canutillo, lit. a 
small pipe or tube, dim. of canuto, a pipe, part 
of a cane from knot to knot, < cana, a cane, 
pipe : see cane 1 .] In the United States of Co- 
lombia, one of the fine separate crystals of 
emerald found in that country. 
The canutittos, or the crystallized and more valuable 
stones. Encyc. Brit., VIII. 170. 
canvas (kan'vas), n. and a. [Early mod. E. 
also canvesse, canmesse, < ME. canvas, kanvas, 
canevas = T>. kanefas = Gr. cannevas, kanevas = 
Sw. kanfass = Dan. kannevas = Buss, kanva, < 
OF. canevas, canevers, also (in deriv.) "canabas, 
also assibilated chanevas, chanevas, chanvenas, 
mod. F. canevas = Pr. canabas = Sp. canama- 
zo = Pg. canhamaqo = It. canavaccio, formerly 
also canet-accio, cannevaccio, canapazzo, can- 
vas, hempen cloth, < ML. cannerasium, canaba- 
cius, prop, 'cannabaceum, *cannabaceits, neut. or 
masc. of adj. cannabaceus (> OF. chanevace), of 
hemp, < L. cannabis= E. hemp: see hemp, Canna- 
bis, and -aceous. Hence canvas, v., and canvass, 
v. and .] I. H. ; pi. canvases, sometimes can- 
vasses. 1 . A closely woven, dense, heavy cloth 
of hemp or flax, used for any purpose for which 
strength and durability are required. Specifi- 
cally (a) Sail-cloth (which see). (b) A carefully woven 
fabric used as a surface or support for oil-painting. It is 
prepared by stretching it on long frames, and covering 
it with one or two coats of neutral-colored paint. Four 
kiuds are known in trade : single prime, smooth, Roman, 
and twilled. 
Touch'd the canvatt into life. 
Addison, To Sir Godfrey Kneller. 
2. A fabric woven in small square meshes, used 
for working tapestry or embroidery with the 
needle. 
And on the flore yeast a canevas. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 386. 
3. Naut., cloth in sails, or sails in general: 
as, to spread as much canvas as the ship will 
bear. 
In the north, her canvas flowing, 
Rose a ship of France. 
Tennyson, The Captain. 
Boll of canvas. See bol&. Chess-board canvas. See 
chess-board. To be or live under canvas, to be or live 
in tents. To give one the canvas, to receive the can- 
vas, to dismiss a person, or to be dismissed: old phrases 
equivalent respectively to (o give one the sack and to get 
the sack, said to be in allusion to the canvas used for me- 
chanics' tool-bags. 
Kid. If she would affect one of us, for my part I am in- 
different. 
Vent. So say I too, but to give us both the canvas ! 
Shirley, Hyde Park, i. 1. 
II. a. Made of canvas. 
Where-e'er thy navy spreads her canvas wings, 
Homage to thee and peace to all she brings. 
Waller, To the King. 
canvas (kan'vas), r. t. ; pret. and pp. camased 
or canvassed, ppr. canvasing or canvassing. [< 
800 
canvas, .] 1. To provide or cover with can- 
vas. 
The door had been nailed up and canvassed over. 
Dickens. 
2f. To toss as in canvas ; shake ; take to task. 
I'll canvas thee between a pair of sheets. 
Shak., 2 Hen. IV., it 4. 
3. To sift; examine; discuss: in this sense 
now usually spelled canvass (which see). 
canvasback (kan'vas-bak), n. A North Amer- 
ican duck of the family Anatida; and subfamily 
FuligvMnce, the Fuligula (or Aristonetta) vallis- 
neria, highly esteemed for the delicacy of its 
flesh. It is found in North America at large, breeding 
from the Northern States northward, and wintering in the 
Middle States and southward, being especially abundant 
in winter along the Atlantic coast, where it feeds much on 
Canvasbacks (Fuligula (Aristonetta) vallisnfria . 
the wild celery, Vallimeria spiralis, and is then in the 
best condition for the table. The name is derived from 
the color of the back, which is white, very finely vermic- 
ulated with narrow, zigzag, blackish bars or rows of dots. 
In general, the canvasback closely resembles the common 
pochard or redhead, Fulirrula fenna, but the bill and head 
are differently shaped, i'he head is not coppery-red, as in 
the pochard, but dusky reddish-brown, and the size is 
greater. 
canvas-climbert (kan'vas-kli"mer), n. A sailor 
who goes aloft to handle sails. [Bare.] 
From the ladder-tackle washes off 
A canvas-climber. Shak., Pericles, iv. 1. 
canvas-cutter (kan'vas-kufer), . A machine 
for cutting canvas, cardboard, and other fab- 
rics into strips. 
canvass (kan'yas), 13. [Formerly canvas, being 
merely a particular use of canvas, v. (cf. OF. 
canabasscr, "to canvas, curiously to examine, 
search or sift out the depth of a matter" Cot- 
grave), lit. sift as through canvas, this fabric in 
its coarser texture having been used as a sifting- 
cloth ; < canvas, n. Cf. bolt, v., sift, examine, of 
similar origin.] I. trans. 1. To examine; scru- 
tinize. 
The . . . merits of the petitioners are canvassed by the 
people. Goldsmith, Citizen of the World, xxiii. 
As if life offered nothing but a variety of diversions, and 
it was incumbent upon one who appreciated life at its true 
value to canvass that variety in the shortest space possi- 
ble. J. Hawthorne, Dust, p. 288. 
Specifically 2. To sift or examine by way of 
discussion ; discuss ; debate. 
An opinion that we are likely soon to canvass. 
Sir W. Hamilton. 
To canvass with official breath 
The future and its viewless things. 
M. Arnold, A Wish. 
The very undue disposition of what is questionably 
called "good society" to canvass in an ill-natured manner 
the character and position of one who did not stoop to 
flatter its many vulgar fancies. 
Gladstone, Gleanings, I. 83. 
3. To sift or investigate by inquiry; examine 
as to opinions, desires, or intentions ; apply to 
or address for the purpose of influencing ac- 
tion, or of ascertaining a probable result : as, to 
canvass the people of a city with reference to 
an approaching election, for the promotion of 
a public undertaking, or the like. 4. To tra- 
verse for the purpose of inquiry or solicitation ; 
apply to or address the inhabitants of with ref- 
erence to prospective action: as, to canvass a 
district for votes, for subscriptions, etc. 5f. 
To shake ; take to task. See canvas, v. t., 2. 
II. intrans. To solicit or go about soliciting 
votes, interest, orders, subscriptions, or the 
like : followed by for : as, to canvass for an 
office or preferment; to canvass for a friend; 
to canvass for a mercantile firm. 
canvass (kan'vas), n. [< canvass, v.~] 1. Ex- 
amination; close inspection; scrutiny: as, a 
canvass of votes. Specifically 2. An exami- 
nation or scrutiny of a body of men, in order to 
ascertain their opinions or their intentions, es- 
pecially whether they will vote for or against a 
given measure or candidate ; an estimate of 
the number of votes cast or to be cast for or 
against a candidate or bill: as, a canvass of the 
caoutchouc 
legislature disclosed a majority of six in favor 
of the measure. 3. A seeking; solicitation; 
specifically, systematic solicitation for the votes 
and support of a district or of individuals by a 
candidate for office or by his friends. 
No previous canvass was made for me. 
Burke, .Speech at Bristol, Nov. 3, 1774. 
The fall campaign in this city has been begun already by 
the organization of a great anti-Tammany movement, with 
a general committee of twelve hundred and all the appli- 
ances of an active canvass. The Nation, XXVII. 18. 
4. Discussion; debate. 
Worthy the canvass and discussion of sober and consid- 
erate men. Dr. II. More, Pre-existence of the Soul, Pref. 
canvasser (kan'vas-er), H. 1. One who solicits 
votes, mercantile orders, etc. 
As a canvasser he [Wharton] was irresistible. 
Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xx. 
2. One who examines the returns of votes cast 
for a public officer ; a scrutineer. 
canvas-stretcher (kan'vas-strech"er), . A 
wooden frame consisting" of four strips mor- 
tised together, upon which canvas is stretched 
for artists to paint upon. 
canvas-work (kan'vas-w6rk), n. 1. Embroi- 
dery upon cloth over which canvas has been 
laid to guide the stitches, the threads of the 
canvas being then pulled out. 2. A kind of 
embroidery done in Berlin wool upon silk can- 
vas with plush-stitch, which when completed 
has the appearance of velvet pile. Also called 
raised canvas-work. Diet, of Needlework. 
cany (ka'ni), . [< cane 1 + -y 1 .] 1. Consisting 
or made of cane. 
Of Sericana, where Chineses drive 
With sails and wind their cany waggons light. 
Milton, P. L., iii. 439. 
2. Abounding with canes : as, cany brakes. 
canyon, and v. See ca7o. 
canzont, " [< It- canzona, canzone, a song, bal- 
lad: see canzona.] A poem; a song. 
Cannot the body weep without the eyes? 
Yes, and frame deepest canzons of lament. 
Middleton, Solomon Paraphrased, xvii. 
canzona, canzone (kan-zo'na, -ne), n. [It., a 
song, ballad, ode, = F. chanson = E. cantion, < 
L. cantio(n-), a song: see chanson and cantion.'] 
1. A particular variety of lyric poetry in the 
Italian style, and of Proven9al origin, which 
closely resembled the madrigal. Grove. 
The Canzoniere includes also a few political poems a 
canzone to Italy, one supposed to be addressed to Cola di 
Rienzi, and several sonnets against the court of Avignon. 
Encyc. Brit., XIII. 604. 
2. In music : (a) A setting of such poetry, dif- 
fering from the madrigal in being less elaborate 
and artistic. (b) An instrumental piece resem- 
bling a madrigal. 
canzonet (kan-zo-nef), n. [< It. canzonetta, 
dim. of canzone: see canzona."] 1. A little or 
short song, shorter and less elaborate than the 
aria of oratorio or opera. 
The canzonet and roundelay. 
Rogers, An Italian Song. 
I amused the fair Discretion with some canzonets, and 
other toys, which could not but be ravishing to her inex- 
perienced ears. Scott, Monastery, II. 96. 
He drank a few cups of claret, and sang (to himself) a 
strophe or two of the canzonettes of the divine Astrophel. 
Scott, Monastery, II. 131. 
Poor soul ! I had a maid of honour once ; 
She wept her true eyes blind for such a one, 
A rogue of canzonets and serenades. 
Tfiiniison, The Princess, iv. 
2. In music, a short concerted air; a madrigal. 
canzonette, . Same as canzonet. 
caouane, caouanne (ka-wan'), . [A F. spell- 
ing of a native W. Ind. name (NL. Momma).] 
A name of the loggerhead turtle, Thalasso- 
cJieJys caretta or T. caouaiia. J. E. Gray. 
caoutchin, caoutchine (ko'chin), . [< caout- 
ch(ovc) + -f 2 , -i')W a .] An inflammable vol- 
atile oil produced by distillation of caoutchouc 
at a high temperature. Also eaoutehouein and 
caoutchoucine. 
Caoutchouc (ko'chuk), n. [= Gr. caoutscli lick 
= Buss, krtuchid-ii, < F. caoutchouc, formerly 
also caovtcliou, from the native S. Amer. name 
rn/iMC/n/.] An elastic gummy substance, the 
inspissated milky juice of various tropical 
trees belonging to the natural orders Apocy- 
nticcce, Urticacea; and Eitphorbiacea- ; india- 
rubber (which see) Artificial caoutchouc, a 
thick solution of glue to which sodium tunirstate and 
hydrochloric acid are added. A precipitate of glue and 
tungstic acid is formed, which, when cool, can be made 
into sheets. Caoutchouc cement. Same as rubber ce- 
ment, (b). See cement. Mineral caoutchouc. See min- 
eral. Vulcanized caoutchouc. See vulcanization. 
