Capito 
Capito (kap'i-to), n. [L., a fish with a large 
head, prop, adj., large-headed, < caput (capit-), 
head: see caput.'] A genus of barbets, typical 
of the subfamily Capiloxiiia- as restricted by 
G. B. Gray in 1841 to the American scansorial 
barbets or thickheads. The word was originally used 
in this connection by Vieillot in 1816 ; it was transferred 
Peruvian Barbet (Capita peruvianus). 
in 1820 by Temminck to the puff-birds, or American fissi- 
rostral barbets, of the family Bucconuia;, and subsequently 
became, at the hands of other writers, a loose synonym of 
various genera of old- as well as new-world barbets, in- 
cluded in families known as Meyal&midce, Capitonidce, 
etc. Its proper and now current sense is that here indi- 
cated. See barbetf, Bucconitla 1 ., C(witonid<K. 
Capitol (kap'i-tol), n. [(ME. "capitoile, capa- 
toylle) = F. capitole = Sp. Pg. It. capitolio, \ L. 
capitolium, < caput (capit-), the head: see ca- 
put.] 1. In Borne, and in Bomau cities and 
colonies, the precinct and temple of Jupiter 
Optimus Maximus, the protector of the city. 
The Capitol at Rome, situated on the southwestern sum- 
mit of the Capitoline hill, was the center of the official 
religion of the state. In it the cult of Juno and of Mi- 
nerva was associated with that of Jupiter. It was three 
times destroyed by flre, and each time restored with aug- 
mented magnificence ; the last edifice continued to exist, 
though despoiled, till about the tenth century. The whole 
of the Capitoline hill (originally Mons Saturnius or Tar- 
peius)was also called the Capitol ; on the second of its two 
summits was the citadel. The modern Capitol, or museum 
of the Capitol, stands in the space between the sum- 
mits. Meetings of the senate and other legislative 
bodies have been held in or on the Capitol in both 
ancient and modern times. Literary references or 
inscriptions prove the existence of a capitol on the 
model of that in Rome in more than twenty provin- 
cial cities of Italy, Gaul, Spain, Africa, and the East ; 
and there can be no doubt that a similar foundation 
was established in every regularly constituted Ro- 
man colony. The Roman capitol of Toulouse, which 
has been more than once renewed, has been the 
chief seat of authority in that city from medieval 
times to the present day. 
The cake-bakers, being returned to Lerne, went 
presently, before they did either eat or drink, to the 
Capitol, and there before their king, called Picro- 
chole, . . . made their complaint, showing their '^ 
panniers broken, their coats torn, etc. 
Rabelais (tr. by Urquhart), Gargantua, xxvi. 
2. In the United States, the edifice occupied 
by Congress at Washington ; also, in the 
separate States, the state-house, or house 
in which the legislature holds its sessions. 
Capitolian (kap-i-to'li-an), a. Same as Capi- 
toline. 
Capitoline (kap'i-to-lm), . [< L. Capitolinus, 
< Capitolium, the Capitol.] Pertaining to any 
Boman Capitol, or to Jupiter the Protector, of 
whose worship the Capitol was the official seat ; 
specifically, pertaining to the Capitol at Borne, 
or to the hill on which it stood : as, the Capito- 
line Museum Capitoline games, in ancient Rome, 
annual games originally instituted by Camillus in honor 
of Jupiter Capitolinus. and in commemoration of the pres- 
ervation of the Capitol from the Gauls. They were rein- 
stituted, after having fallen into disuse, by Domitian, and 
were thereafter celebrated every fifth year. 
CapitonicUe (kap-i-ton'i-de), re. pi. [NL., < 
Capito(n-) + -idee.] A family of non-passerine 
zygodactyl birds, the scansorial barbets, inhab- 
iting the warmer parts of both hemispheres. 
Leading genera are Pofjoiiorhynchutt, Megalcema, Colo- 
rhamphtts, etc., of the old world, and Capito of the new. 
The family name is almost inextricably confused with 
Bitcconido!. See barbet'2 and Megalcemidce, and cuts un- 
der Capito and Pogonorhynchus, 
Capitoninae (kap"i-to-m'ne), n. pi. [NL., < 
Capito(n-) + -ina;.] 'A subfamily of Megalec- 
midte, typified by the genus Capito ; the thick- 
heads, or American scansorial barbets, confined 
to Central and South America, and represent- 
ed by about 12 species of the genera Capito and 
Tetragonops. See cut under Capito, 
capitonine (kap'i-to-nin), . Pertaining to or 
having the characters of the Capitonida' proper 
or Capitonince. 
806 
capitopedal (kap''i-to-ped'al), a. [< L. cupuf 
(capit-), head, + pes (pad-), foot, + -al.] Per- 
taining to the head and foot. 
Right and left of the neck [in I'atella] are seen a pair of 
minute oblong yellow bodies, which were originally de- 
scribed by Lankester as orifices possibly connected with 
the evacuation of the generative products. On account 
of their position they were termed by him the capito- 
aedal orifices, bciiiK placed near the junction of head and 
toot. Eneyc. Brit., XVI. 6*6. 
capitula, . Plural of capitulum. 
capitulant (ka-pit'u-lant), n. [< ML. capitu- 
lan(t-)s, ppr. of capitulare: see capitulate."] 
One who capitulates or surrenders. Alison, 
Hist. Europe. 
capitulante (Sp. pron. kii-pe-to-lan'te), n. 
[Sp., prop. pp. of capitular, < ML. capitulare, 
arrange in heads or chapters: see capitulate.'] 
A contractor. [Use in parts of the United 
States acquired from Mexico.] 
capitular (ka-pit'u-lar), ... and n. [= P. capitu- 
laire = It. capitotare, a. and n., < ML. capitu- 
laris, pertaining to a chapter (cf. LL. capitulare, 
neut., apoll-tax), < L. capitulum, a chapter (sec- 
tion of a book, or a council), lit. a little head : 
see capitulum, chapter, and capital*.'] I. a. 1. 
Belonging to a chapter, in any sense of that 
word. Also capitulary. 
The next step would have been to impose monastic vows 
upon all the capitular clergy. 
K. A. Freeman, Hist. Norm. Conq., II. 301. 
2. In 60*., growing in a capitulum or head. 
See capitate. 3. In zool. and anat., pertain- 
ing to a capitnlum. Capitular mass. Seemassi. 
Capitular process, in anat., a small process or prom- 
inence on a vertebra, with which the capitulum of a rib 
articulates ; the articular facet for the head of a rib. See 
cuts under atlas and cervical. 
II. n. 1. An act passed in a chapter, as of 
knights or canons. 2. pi. The body of laws 
or statutes of a chapter or of an ecclesiastical 
council. This name is also given to the laws, civil and 
ecclesiastical, made by Charlemagne and other princes in 
general councils and assemblies of the people. They are 
so called because divided into chapters or sections. 
That great legislator knew too well the importance 
attached by all mankind to local customs, to allow his 
imperial capitulars to interfere, unnecessarily, with the 
Frisian laws. Motley, Dutch Republic, I. 22. 
Capito] of the United States, Washington, D. C. 
3. A member of a chapter. 
Statutes which shall bind the chapter itself, and all its 
members, or capitulars. Ayli/f, Parergon. 
In the preceding senses also capitulary. 
4. [Sp.,<ML. : see above.] In parts of Amer- 
ica settled by Spaniards, a regidor elected to 
the ayuntamiento or town council, as distin- 
guished from one appointed by the executive 
authority. 
capitularly (ka-pit'u-lar-li), adv. In the form 
or manner of a chapter, as of a religious order. 
The keeper, Sir Simon Harcourt, alleged you could do 
nothing but when all three were ca-pitvlarly met. 
Surift, To Mr. St. John. 
capitulary (ka-pit'u-la-ri), a. and n. I. a. 
Same as capitular, 1. 
The capitulary acts of York Cathedral. 
T. Warton, Hist. Bug. Poetry, iii. 35. 
II. . ; pi. capitularies (-riz). Same as capit- 
ular, 1, 2, and 3. 
More than one law was made, forbidding all Sunday 
labour, and this prohibition was reiterated by Charle- 
magne in his Capitularies. Lecky, Europ. Morals, II. 259. 
capitulate (ka-pit'u-lat), r. i. ; pret. and pp. 
capitulated, ppr. ca/iiti/liitiii;/. [< ML. capitu- 
latus, pp. of capitulare, arrange in heads or 
chapters, hence arrange conditions (esp. of sur- 
render), < L. capitulum, a chapter: see cajiiln- 
luni, capitular, and chapter.] 1. To draw up a 
writing in chapters, heads, or articles ; henee. 
to draw up articles of agreement; arrange 
capitulum 
terms of agreement; treat; also, to enter into 
an agreement ; confederate. 
Do nut bid me 
Dismiss my soldiers, or capitulate 
Again witli Rome's mechanics. Sltak., Cor., v. 3. 
Percy, Northumberhuid, 
The archbishop's Grace of York, Douglas, Mortimer, 
Capitulate against us. Shut., 1 Hen. IV., iii. -2. 
He who took so hainously to be offer'd nineteen Propo- 
sitions from the Parlament, capitulates beer with God 
almost in as many Articles. Milton, Eikonoklastes, xxv. 
2. To surrender to an enemy on stipulated con- 
ditions. Used especially regarding an army or a garri- 
son, when the terms of surrender are specified and agreed 
to by the parties. 
Mondrason was determined not to yield at discretion, 
although very willing to capitulate. 
Motley, Dutch Republic, II. 528. 
I am ashamed to think how easily we capilnlati- to badges 
and names, to large societies and dead institutions. 
Emerson, Self-reliance. 
capitulate, capitulated (ka-pit'u-lat, -la-ted), 
a. [< NL. capitulatns, < L. capitulum : see 
capitulum.] 1. Having a capitulum or knob. 
Specifically 2. In but., head-like: applied to 
the apothecium of a lichen when it is irregu- 
larly rounded or globular and seated on the 
apex of a stem-like portion of the thallus, as in 
Cladonia. Lindsay. 
capitulation (ka-pit-u-la'shon), n. [= D. ka- 
pitulatie = F, capitulation (!> G. capitulation = 
Dan. kapitulation) = Sp. capitulacion = Pg. ca- 
pititlaqao = It. capitolazione, < ML. *capitula- 
tio(n-) (cf. capitulatio(n-), an index of chapters), 
< capitulare. capitulate : see capitulate.] 1. An 
article or articles of agreement; formal agree- 
ment. [Bare.] 
With special capitulation that neither the Scots nor the 
French shall refortify. Up. Burnet, Records, No. 50, i. 2. 
Specifically 2. The act of capitulating or sur- 
rendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms or 
conditions ; also, the treaty or instrument con- 
taining the conditions of such a surrender. 
My idea was, that all persons taken in war were to be 
deemed prisoners of war. That those who surrender on 
capitulation (or convention) are prisoners of war also. 
Jefferson, Correspondence, I. 164. 
3. (a) In the Holy Boman Empire, the con- 
tract or pledge entered into by the elected em- 
peror, before receiving coronation, with 
the electors, in which the latter generally 
secured some concession as the price of 
their votes. (b) pi. (1) The name given 
by Europeans to those treaties and con- 
cessions of the early sultans of Turkey 
which secure to foreigners residing there 
rights of exterritoriality, in continuation 
of similar privileges granted to foreign 
residents by the Byzantine empire. 
These privileges are in general called Cay''"?"- 
tioiut ; not in the sense now usual of a surrender of 
right, for they were a free grant, but in the old 
sense of an agreement under heads and articles 
"Capitula." The word was not unusual in such a 
sense in old French treaties and conventions, for 
we read of a " Capitulation and Contract of Mar- 
riage" between Dom Pedro of Portugal and the 
Princess Marie of Savoy. 
E. Schuyler, Amer. Diplomacy, pp. 59, 60. 
(2) Conventions formerly entered into by 
the Swiss cantons to regulate the employment 
of Swiss troops by the popes, the Netherlands, 
and the kings of Spain, Naples, and France. 
capitulator (ka-pit'u-la-tor), n. [< ML. as if 
'capitulator, < capitulare : see capitulate.] One 
who capitulates. 
capitulatory (ka-pit'u-la-to-ri), a. [< capitu- 
late + -ory.] 1. Briefly stated; drawn up in 
heads or chapters. 2. Relating to or of the 
nature of a capitulation or surrender on con- 
ditions. 
capitule (kap'i-tul), . [< L. capitulum, a chap- 
ter: see capitulum and chapter.] If. A chapter. 
The contents of this capituh' [are] by you much to be 
pondred. Ilakluyt'e Voyages, I. 221>. 
2. In bot., same as capitulum. 3. 
capituliform (ka-pit'u-li-form), a. [< L. capi- 
tulum, a little head,"+ foniui. shape.] Besem- 
bling a small head or capitulum. Also cupiti-l- 
liform. 
capitulum (ka-pit'u-lum), n. ; pi. ca/>ititl. (-Iji). 
[L., a small head, a capital or head of a column, 
a chapter, dim. of eapi/t (capit-). head: see 
caput, and cf. etipitelliiiii, capitular: see also 
capital*, chapiter, chapter.] 1. In tmat., the 
head of a bone ; especially, the head of a rib, 
as distinguished from its" shoulder or tuber- 
culum. Also called capitellum. See cut un- 
der cH(l<ixkclct<i. 2. In Cirri pedia, specifi- 
cally, the valves of the shell collectively, in- 
