Carinellidse 
prime division of the Mrniertru, called 
iiK rl<'<i (which see). 
cariniform (ka-riu'i-form), (i. [< L. cariiin, 
keel, 4- forma, shape.] Carinate in form; hav- 
ing the shape or appearance of a carina or 
keel : specifically applied to tlie long, thin, 
sharp adipose fin of certain siluroiil fishes. 
carinolateral (ka-ri-no-lat'e-ral), a. [< L. 
cttrina, a keel, 4- Ititux, side: SIM' In li-ral.] In 
Cirri/it'ili/i, lying on each side of the carina. 
See cut under liulanus. 
On each side of the carina is a compartment termed ca,- 
riiui-liili'nil. Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. -204. 
Carinthian (ka-rin'thi-an), . and n. [< Ca- 
rinthia + -an.~\ I, a. Of or belonging to Carin- 
thia, a crown-land and duchy of the Austrian 
empire lying to the east of the Tyrol and north- 
east of Italy: as, the Cnrintliimi Alps, carin- 
thian process, in tnrttil.,n process in use in Carinthia for 
converting pi;;- into wronnht-iron, the metal hein<r treated 
in the form of thin disks which arc worked into blooms, 
ready to he hammered nut into l>ars. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of Carinthia. 
cariole (kar'i-61), . [= Dan. knriol, < V. t-iiri- 
ole, now carriole, = I'r. earriol, m., carriola, f., 
< It. carriuola = Sp. carriola, a small vehicle, 
dim. of It. Sp. Pg. carro, a vehicle, car: see 
car 1 . Hence by simulation E. carryall.'] 1. A 
small open carriage; a kind of calash. 2. A 
covered cart. 
cariopsis, n. See caryopsis. 
cariosity (ka-ri-os'i-ti), re. [< L. cariosus, cari- 
ous, 4- -ity.] The state of being carious. 
carious (ka'ri-us), a. [= F. carieux = Sp. Pg. 
It. cttriovo, < L. cariosus, < caries, decay : see 
caries.'] 1. Affected with caries; decayed or 
decaying, as a bone. 2. Having a corroded 
appearance : applied in entomology to surfaces 
which are thickly covered with deep and very 
irregular depressions, with jagged ridges be- 
tween them, like a metal plate that has been 
exposed to a strong acid. 
callousness (ka'ri-us-nes), n. Same as cariosity. 
caritative (kar'i-ta-tiv), a. [= Sp. Pg. It. 
caritatii'o, < ML. caritativus, < L. carita(t-)s, 
love, charity: see charity.'} Benevolent; be- 
neficent; charitable. [Rare.] 
Then follows the caritative principle, . . . the princi- 
ple of hrotherly love, as seen in voluntary action in hehalf 
of others, li. T. Ely, Past and Present of Pol. Econ., p. 53. 
car-jack (kiir'jak), n. A screw or hydraulic 
jack used in lifting cars or locomotives, or in 
replacing them on the track when derailed. 
carjacou, n. See cariacou. 
cark (kark), n. [< ME. cark, trouble, anxiety 
(the alleged AS. "care, *cearc, *be-carcian, *be- 
cearcian are not found), < AF. "cark, kark, a 
load, burden, weight, the unassibilated form 
of OF. charge, > ME. charge (which varies with 
cark in some instances), a load, burden; cf. 
cark, chark 3 , v., also charge and cargo. The 
W. care, care, anxiety (> carcus, solicitous), = 
Gael, care, care, = Bret, karg, a load, burden, are 
prob. from E. or F. The resemblance to care, 
with which cark is alliteratively associated, is 
accidental.] If. A load; a burden; a weight; 
specifically, an old measure of weight for wool, 
equal to the thirtieth part of a sarplar. 2. A 
burden of care; a state of anxious solicitude; 
care; concern; trouble; distress. [Archaic.] 
Now I see that al the cark schal fallen on myn heed. 
Gamelyn, 1. 754. 
And what then follows all your carke and caring 
And self-affliction? Massinger, Roman Actor, ii. 1. 
And at night the swart mechanic comes to drown his cark 
and care. 
Quaffing ale from pewter tankards, in the master's antique 
chair. Longfellow, Nuremberg. 
cark (kark), v. [< cark, n. ; < ME. carTcen. also 
charken, varying with chargcn, load, burden, < 
AF. "corker (in comp. sorkarker, surcharge, 
deskarker, discharge), unassibilated form of 
OF. charger, load: see cark, n., and charge, v.] 
I. trans. 1 . To load ; burden ; load or oppress 
with grief, anxiety, or care; worry; perplex; 
vex. [Archaic.] 
Carkid [var. charkid] wit care. Cursor Mundi, 1. 23994. 
Thee nor carketh care nor slander. 
Tennytton, A Dirge. 
2f. To bring to be by care or anxiety; make by 
carking. 
Care and carle himself one penny richer. South. 
Il.t intrans. To be full of care, anxious, so- 
licitous, or concerned. 
Carkiny and caring all that ever you can to gather goods 
and rake riches together. Holland, tr. of Plutarch, p. 6. 
Hark, my husband, he's singing and hoiting, and I'm 
fain to cark and care. 
Beau, and Fl., Knight of Burning Pestle, i. 3. 
825 
carking (kiir'kiug), ;>. a. [Ppr. of ctirk, !.] 
Distressing; perplexing; giving anxiety: now 
scarcely used except in the phrase carkinij cure 
or cares. 
Thrice- happy and ever to lie envied little Burgh, . . . 
without vainglory, without riches, without learning, and 
all their train of carkl ii'i < 
Irriitu. Knickerbocker, p. 102. 
carkled (kiir'kld), a. [E. dial.] Crumpled; 
wavy. 
And the blades of grass that straightened to it turned 
their points a little way; . . . yet before their carklfd 
e<l-es bent more than a driven saw, down the water came 
again. It. 1). l;l<t<-k,i,r,'. Ixirna Doone, p. 118. 
carl (kiirl), n. [(1) Early mod. E. and Sc. also 
carle, < ME. carl, carle, < AS. rarl, :i man, churl, 
as a proper name Carl (after OIKJ.), in <v/c//-.v 
ii'U',11, 'the carl's or churl's wain,' now C/iurl/'x'* 
Wain (q. v., under wain), and (after Scand.) in 
comp., '-man,' in butse-carl, ship-man, lius-carl, 
liiix-l.-ini, 'house-carl,' one of the king's body- 
guard (= OFries. hun-kerl, a man (vassal), = 
Icel. hus-karl, a man (vassal), one of the king's 
body-guard), or 'male,' 'he-,' as in carl-man, 
ME. carman (Icel. karl-madhr), a man (as op- 
posed to a woman), "carl-cat (North. E. carl- 
cat), a male cat, "carl-fugel (= Icel. k<irl-fugl), 
a male bird (the last two forms in Somner, but 
not found in use), OD. kaerk, a man, husband, 
churl, fellow, D. karel, a fellow, = OHG. karl, 
karal, charl, chttral, MHG. karl (OHG. also 
charlo, charle, MHG. eliarle, karle), a man, hus- 
band, G. (after LG.) kerl, a fellow, = Icel. karl. 
a man (as opposed to a woman), a churl, an old 
man (also in comp., 'male,' 'he-'), = Norw. Sw. 
Dan. karl, a man, fellow ; used also as a proper 
name, AS. Carl, E. Carl, Karl (after G.) = D. 
Karel = Dan. Karl, Carl = Sw. Karl = OHG. 
Karl, Karal, MHG. Karl, Karel, Kark, G. Karl, 
Carl, whence (from OHG.) ML. Carlus, Caro- 
lus, Karlus, Karolus, Karulus, NL. Carolus, > 
It. Carlo = Sp. Pg. Carlos = OF. Karlus, F. 
Charles, > E. Chartes (see carolus, carotin, Caro- 
line, etc.); the same, but with diif. orig. vowel, 
as (2) MLG. kerle, LG. kerl, kerel, kirl (> G. 
kerl) = OD. keerle, D. kerel, a man, churl, fel- 
low, = OFries. kerl (in comp. hus-kerl, above 
mentioned), Fries, tzerl, tzirl = AS. ceorl, a 
churl, E. churl, q. v. ; appar., with formative -I, 
from a root *kar, *ker, and by some connected, 
doubtfully, with Skt. jdra, a lover.] 1 . A man ; 
a robust, strong, or hardy man ; a fellow. [Now 
only poetical, or prov. Eng. and Scotch.] 
The mellere was a stout carl for the nones. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 545. 
Why sitt'st thou by that mined hall, 
Thou aged carle so stern and gray ? Scott. 
2. A rustic; a boor; a clown; a churl. 
Therein a cancred crabbed Carle does dwell, 
That has no skill of Court nor courtesie. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. ix. 3. 
It seems as if you had fallen asleep a carle, and awak- 
ened a gentleman. Scott, Monastery, I. 223. 
3. Same as carl-hemp. [Scotch.] 
carlt (karl), v. i. [< carl, n.] To act like a churl. 
They [old persons] carle many times as they sit, and talk 
to themselves; they are angry, waspish, displeased with 
themselves. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 132. 
carl-cat (kiirl 'kat), n. A male cat; a tomcat. 
Grose. [North. Eng.] 
carl-crab (karl'krab), n. A local Scotch name 
of the male of the common black-clawed sea- 
crab, Cancer pa gurus. 
carle 1 , n. and v. See carl. 
carle 2 , n. Same as caurale. 
Carle Sunday (karl sun'da). See Cartingi, 1, 
and Care Sunday. 
carlet (kar'let), n. [< F. carrelet, a square file, 
a three-edged sword (> Sp. carrelet, a straight 
needle with a triangular point), dim. of OF. 
carrel, F. carreau, a square, tile, pane: see 
carrcfe and quarrel^.] A single-cut file with 
a triangular section, used by comb-makers. 
carl-hemp (karl'hemp), n. Male hemp. Also 
carl. [Scotch.] In the following passage it is used as 
a symbol of robustness of character. 
Come, firm Resolve, take thou the vail, 
Thou stalk o' carl-hemp in man ! 
Burns, To Dr. Blacklock. 
carlick (kiir'lik), n. [E. dial, form of charlock, 
q. v.] Same as charlock. [Local, Eng.] 
carlie (kar'li), n. [Sc., dim. of carl7\ 1. A 
little carl. 2. A boy who has the appearance 
or manners of a little old man. Jamieson. 
carlin, carline 1 (kar'lin), . [Also carling, < 
Icel. karlinna, a woman, = Dan. Tcailling, prop. 
"karrling, = Sw. karung, an old woman, a crone ; 
cf. lean, a man: see carl.] An old woman: a 
contemptuous term for any woman. [Scotch.] 
Carlist 
The t'ui'l/ii'- she \\;is stark ami sture, 
Shi- alt' the hinges dan>i the 'lure. 
ri,sj,a/rii-k (Child's Halhids, I. 155). 
Carlina (kiir-li'nii), . [XL. (> !'. earttne = Sp. 
It. fiirtiiKi); so called, it is said, after the em- 
peror t'liiirli-inai/in- (DlKi. Karl), \vlius<- anny, 
according (o lii" doubtful story, was saved from 
a plague by the use of this root.] A genus 
of CompOSitCt differing from Hi" true thistles 
in having the si-ales of the involucre scarious 
and colored. The s|>ccii-s:uv ;dl natives of l:nio|ji- anil 
tin- Mnlitcrniiicari rcuiini. Tin- most common is the car- 
line thistle, f. nilirnrix, the scales of uliich are so hygro- 
scopic that the heads arc used as a natural weatliei 
The root of ','. (ii-/iitli*, al*o callcil earlinc thistle, hail for- 
merly a his,'l) reputation for medicinal virtues in various 
diseases. 
carline 1 ,". See carl in. 
carline 2 (krir'lin), n. [< F. carlin, < It. earl i no : 
see rarlino.'] Same as carlino, 1. 
carline 3 (kiir'lin), a. and n. [< F. carline, the 
thistle, so called: see Carlina.'] I. a. Belong- 
ing to the genus Carlina: as, the i-nrliin' thistle. 
II. it. A kind of thistle, Curliim mlgaria or 
C. acaiilin. See Ciiiiiiui. 
carline 4 , carling 2 (kiir'lin, -ling), n. [< F. car- 
lini/i' = Sp. Pg. carUnga=Jtutt. kitrtnixu ; ori- 
gin unknown.] 1. A piece of timber in a ship, 
ranging fore and aft from one deck-beam to an- 
other, and forming with the beams a framing 
for the deck-planks to rest upon. 2. A trans- 
verse iron or wooden bar placed across the top 
of a railroad-car from side to side to support 
the roof-boards. Sometimes called a rafter. 
Carline knees. See knee. 
Oarling't (kar'liug), n. [Short for Carling Sun- 
day, also Carlin Sunday, Carle Sunday, appar. 
corruptions of Care Sunday, q. v.] 1 . The Sun- 
day before Palm Sunday ; the fifth Sunday in 
Lent, commonly known as Passion Sunday. 
It was an old custom to eat a certain kind of 
peas on that day. Hence 2. [/. c.] pi. Tho 
peas eaten on Passion Sunday; "grey peas 
steeped all night in water, and fried next day 
in butter" (lirockett). 
carling 2 , n. See carline^. 
Carling Sunday (kiir'ling sun'da). Same as 
Carlina 1 , 1. 
carlino (kar-le'no), n. [It., also Carolina (> F. 
Sp. carlin = Pg. carlim, carlino) : named from 
the emperor Charles (It. Carlo: see carl) VI., 
in whose time the coin was first issued, about 
Carlino of Pope Clement XIV., British Museum. 
( Size of the original. ) 
1730.] 1. An Italian silver coin formerly cur- 
rent in Naples, Sicily, and Rome. The Roman 
carlino here represented weighs nearly 43 trains. The 
value of the carlino of Rome was ahont 10 United .States 
cents, of that of Naples 8, and of that of Sicily 4. Also 
called carline. 
2. A Sardinian gold coin of Charles Emmanuel 
I. (1735), of the value of 120 lire, or about $28. 
carlisht (kar'lish), a. [< ME. carlisch, karlische, 
common; < carl + -ish 1 . Cf. churlish.'} Churl- 
ish. [Old and prov. Eng.] 
Her father hath brought her a carli&h knight, 
Sir John of the north countraye. 
Percy's lieliques, p. 88. 
carlishnesst (kar'lish-nes), n. Churlishness. 
Carlism (kiir'lizm), n. [< F. Carlisme = Sp. 
Carlismo = It. Carlinmo, < NL. "Carlismus, < Car- 
lus, Carolus (>F. Charles = Sp. CYtr/og = It. Car- 
lo, Charles): see carl and -<sm.] The claims 
or opinions of, or devotion to, the Carlists of 
France, or of Spain. See Carlist. 
Carlist (kar'list), ?!. and a. [< F. Carlisle = Sp. 
Carlista = It. Carlista, < NL. "Carlista, < Car- 
lus, Carolus, Charles: see Carlism.'] I. n. 1. 
Formerly, one of the partizans of Charles X. 
of France, and of the elder line of the French 
Bourbons, afterward called Legitimists. 2. A 
follower of the fortunes of Don Carlos de Bor- 
bon, second son of Charles IV. of Spain; a sup- 
porter of the claims of Don Carlos, and of his 
successors of the same name, to the Spanish 
throne, based upon his asserted right of suc- 
cession in 1833, in place of his niece Isabella II., 
which has caused several outbreaks of civil war. 
II. a. Pertaining to Carlism, or to the Carl- 
ists. 
