carnality 
If the forme nf UK- Ministry In- [.-rounded in the worldly 
decrees (if auturity. honour. temi>i>rall jurisdiction, we 
see it with our eyes it will tunic' the inward power uiiil 
purity of theOos'pcl Into the outward oornoHtyol tin- law. 
MiHun. rhureli-liovermneiit i. :(. 
carnalize (kiir'nal-iz), v. t.; pret. and pp. rnr- 
iiiil/;i(t, ppr. cnniii/i~ini/. [< ranitil + -i?f] 
To make carnal ; debase to carnality. [Bare.] 
A sensual and carnalized spirit. 
J. Seutl, Christian Life, i. I 2. 
carnallite (kiir'nal-it), n. [Named after Von 
Cumuli. a Prussian mineralogist (1804-74).] A 
milk-white or pink-colored mineral obtained 
from the salt-mines of Stassfurt, Prussia. It Is 
a hydrous chlorid of magnesium and potassium, contain- 
ing small .|ii;mtilii - of soilillin. i iil.nliiiiii. uusiuin, and 
bromine. 
carnally (kiir'ual-i), adr. In a carnal manner; 
according to the flesh; not spiritually. 
The Apostle doth very litly take llir law . . . citliei >pir- 
itually IT <'i -nnliti, according to thedillenn^' sentiments 
of those t<> whom he wrote the epistles. 
/. A-/..,,,,. f.ifeof Bp. Bull. 
carnal-minded (kiir'nal-mm"ded), a. Having 
a carnal or fleshly mind; unspiritual. 
carnal-mindedness (kar'nal-min*ded-nes), n. 
Carnality of mind. 
Concupiscence and carnal-mi ndi;tni'^. 
Jer. Tnt/l'ir, llepentance, v. 3. 
carnardinet, " See car>i<iin< . 
Carnaria (kar-na'ri-ji), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. of 
L. carnarius, pertaining to flesh, < caro (earn-), 
flesh : see carnal. Cf. Cttrnaxttia.] In Cuvier's 
system of classification as altered by his editors, 
the flesh-eaters or third order of mammals, con- 
taining not only the Carnivora proper, as now 
understood, but also the Insectivora, the Cliirup- 
tera, and sundry carnivorous marsupials; the 
carnassiers. The marsupials were subsequent- 
ly placed in a separate group, Marsupiata. 
Also called Carnassia. [Disused.] 
carnaryt (kar'na-ri), n. [Also written carnarie, 
< ML. carnaria, also carnarium,(. L. caro (earn-), 
flesh: see carnal.] A bone-house attached to 
a church or burial-place ; a charnel-house. 
Carnassia (kar-nas'i-a), n. pi. [NL., adapted 
from F. carnassiers (Cuvier), carniyora (see 
carnassier) ; afterward changed by his editors 
to Carnaria.'] Same as Carnaria. 
carnassial (kiir-nas'i-al), a. and . [< P. car- 
nassiere, the sectorial tooth (orig. fern. (sc. 
dent, tooth) of carnassier, carnivorous: see 
carnassier), + -al.] I. a. Sectorialj adapted 
for cutting and tearing flesh: applied to the 
specialized trenchant or cutting molar or pre- 
molar of the Carnivora. 
It ... appears that the sectorial or carnastfial teeth in 
the two jaws [of the dog] differ in their nature, the upper 
being the last premolar, the lower the anterior molar. 
Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 357. 
II. n. A sectorial tooth ; the last upper pre- 
molar or first lower molar tooth of those Car- 
nivora which have a typically carnivorous den- 
tition, as the cat or dog. Owen . 
carnassier (kar-nas'i-a), . [F., a carnivorous 
mammal, < carnetifsier, fern, carnassicre, former- 
ly carnacier, < Pr. carnacicr (= Sp. carnicero 
= Pg. carniceiro), carnivorous, fleshly, < car- 
naza (= Sp. carnaza = Pg. carnaz, carnica), 
flesh, < L. caro (earn-), flesh: see carnal.] 1. 
One of the Carnaria ; a carnivorous mammal. 
See Carnaria. 2. [< F. carnassicre: see car- 
nassial.] A camassial tooth. 
carnatet (kar'nat), a. Invested with or em- 
bodied in flesh: same as the modern incarnate, 
which, however, is used in the following extract 
as if the in- were privative. 
I fear nothing . . . that devil carnate or incarnate can 
fairly do against a virtue so established. 
Richardson, Clarissa Harlowe, v. 46. 
carnation 1 (kar-na'shpn), 71. [< F. carnation, 
< It. carnagione, flesh^color, 
also fleshiness, = Sp. carna- OZIXii 
don (cf. Pg. encarnacSo), 
flesh-color, < L. carnatio(n-), 
fleshiness, (. caro (earn-), 
flesh: see carnal.] 1. Flesh- 
color; pink. 
Her complexion of the most daz- 
zling carnation. Bulwer, Pelham. 
2. In painting, the represen- 
tation of flesh ; the nude or 
undraped parts of a figure. 
3. In bot. : (a) The common 
name of the pink Dianthus 
Caryophi/Uus, a native of 
southern Europe, but cul- 
tivated from very ancient 
times for its fragrance and 
827 
beauty, ruder cultivation, in place of the original lilac- 
purple of tile wild state, it lias assumed a wide variety ol 
tints, and numberless combinations of form ;unl mlm. 
These varieties are unillj.ed hy tlorist.s into three rlasse.s, 
Viz., bi/.atTes. Hakes, and pieotee^. \1>" r;i!lrd 'ui-,i'll>,,n 
/"'"< (/)) The f'trxiilpiiiiti /iiilr/n i'/ nun, t ho Span- 
ish carnation, a leguminous shrub with very 
showy flowers, often cultivated in tropical re- 
gions. Also formerly, by corruption, corona- 
tion. 
I'.rillU ('"/-"/"It''""*, and Sops ill \vilie, 
Worm- of I'araini.ines. 
,s';''i-. ,-, Shcp. Cal., April. 
carnation'-'t, [< ME. carnation, short for ('- 
I'lirniici/iii : see iiifiimittion.] Incarnation. 
These Ix-leuid not in vcrcyii Marie, 
\e trellly in Cli-tes <;if,t,n-i"/i''. 
d/il /;/./. .l/.,-r. //., p. 216. 
carnationed (kiir-na'shond), a. [< carnation + 
-ill-.] Having a color like carnation; pink. 
Loi'cliifi . 
carnation-grass (kar-na'shon-gras), H. Cer- 
tain sedges, especially Carex glauca and ('. ]>- 
nicea, so called from the resemblance of their 
leaves to those of the carnation. 
carnauba (kiir-nii-o'bji), . [Braz.] 1. The 
Brazilian name of the palm Copernicia cerifera. 
See Coprniicia. 2. The wax obtained from 
tliis palm. 
carneity (kiir-ne'i-ti), n. [< L. carneus, of flesh : 
see mrneous.] fleshiness. [Bare.] 
carnelt (kiir'nel), n. [ME., also kernel, Icirnel, 
1,-i/rnel, < OF. carncl, later carneau, F. rri'in-un 
= Pr. cartirl (ML. reflex cumi'llim. i/numclliis), 
< ML. crcneJlus, an embrasure, battlement : see 
crenelle.] A battlement ; an embrasure ; a loop- 
hole. 
So harde sautes to the cite were jjeuen, 
That the komli kernele* were to-clatered with engines. 
William nf Paleriu (E. E. T. S.), 1. 2868. 
And alle the walles beth of Wit, to holde Wil theroute; 
The camels beth of i 'ri.stemlam. the kuynde to saue. 
Piert Plowman (A), vi. 78. 
carnelian, cornelian (kiir-, kdr-ne'lyan), . 
[More correctly cornelian (changed to carnflian 
in simulation of L. caro (earn-), flesh), < F. cor- 
naline, < It. cornalina = Pr. Pg. cornelina = Sp. 
cornerina, carnelian; It. also corniola (> E. car- 
neol, q. v.); a dim. form, < L. cornu = E. horn; 
so called from its horny appearance ; cf . onyx, 
which means lit. 'a finger-nail or claw.'] A 
siliceous stone, a variety of chalcedony, of 
a deep-red, flesh-red, or reddish-white color. 
It is tolerably hard, capable of a good polish, and is used 
for seals, etc. The finest specimens come from Cambay 
(hence also called Cambaif stone*) and Surat, in India, 
where they are found as nodules of a blackish-olive color, 
in peculiar strata, 30 feet below the surface. The nodules, 
after two years' exposure to the sun", are boiled for two 
days, and thereby acquire the beautiful colors for which 
they are prized. 
carneolt, n. [= D. Jcarneool = G. l-arniol = 
Sw. Dan. karneol, < It. corniola: see carnelian.] 
Carnelian. E. Phillips, 1706. 
Carneospongiae (kiir"ne-o-spon'ji-e), . pi. 
[NL., < L. carneus, fleshy (see corneous), + 
sponr/ia, a sponge.] Fleshy sponges : a class of 
Porifera contrasted with Calcispongia:. It con- 
tains the multitude of sponges having as common char- 
acters a very thick mesoderm, a supply and drainage sys- 
tem like that of ordinary commercial sponges, the ectoderm 
and endoderm as in the Leuconts, and the skeleton, when 
present, either ceratodous or siliceous, with its elements 
radiately or irregularly disposed. Most sponges belong to 
this class, which is divided by Hyatt into the orders Mali- 
sarcoidea, Gummimnce, Ceratofdea, Cerato-Silicoidea, and 
Silicoidea. 
carneospongian (kar // ne-o-spon'ji-an), a. and 
n. I. a. Fleshy, as a sponge ; specifically, per- 
taining to or having the characters of the Car- 
neosnongia:. 
II. n. One of the Carneospongia? ; a fleshy 
sponge. 
carneous (kar'ne-us), a. [< L. carneus, of 
flesh, < caro (earn-), flesh: see carnal, and cf. 
carnous.] 1. Fleshy; having the qualities of 
flesh : as, " carneous fibres," Ray, Works of Cre- 
ation, ii. 2. Flesh-colored; pink with a tinge 
of yellow. 
Carney 1 (kar'ni), n. [Prob. < L. carneus, fleshy: 
see carneous.] A disease of horses, in which 
the mouth is so furred that they cannot eat. 
Carney 2 (kiir'ni), . [Also spelled carmj ; a 
slang word, of unknown origin.] Flattering, 
hypocritical talk ; flattery. [Slang.] 
Carney 2 (kar'ni), v. [< carneip, n.] I. trans. 
To insinuate one's self into the good graces of; 
flatter; wheedle. [Slang.] 
H. intrans. To interlard one's discourse with 
hypocritical terms or tones of flattery or en- 
dearment. [Slang.] 
carnifex (kar'ni-feks), n. [L., also carnufex, 
< caro (earn-), flesh (see carnal), + facere, 
carnivoral 
make.] 1. A public executioner: a hangman; 
hence, as ;i term of abuse, a wretch. 
Let tlie earnffen -e.,iir their i!in.;,i - : 
Mt<t<ll'!.nl flil'l lln,rl,'ii, Kail' (/llarl'el, IV. 4. 
2. [''"/'.] In ornitli. : (a) A genus of hawks: 
same as Mii'i-nxhir. /.IXXHH, 1S4:!. [Not in use.] 
(Ii) A genus of birds: same as 7'/i-i(v/v//x. 
Sinn/* ni/l. is:;:,. | Not in use.] 
carnification (kiir'ni-ii-ka'shon). . [< F. <</,- 
iiilii-iilinii = Sp. /nnirjii-iilii}, riirniJiciK-ioii = Pg. 
I'liriiij'n-iiriin it. i-ii mi fii-o'.iiini', < I,, n- if 'ear- 
ii(liri//iin'n-), < i-nniijii-iiri , pp. ciirinlictitii.v : see 
m ni il'i/.] The act of carnifying; in /nitlml., a 
state of certain organs in which the tissue be- 
comes changed so as to resemble that of fleshy 
)iiirts. In the luncjs it is equivalent either to 
tlie condition seen in atelectasis or to hepati- 
zation. 
carnify (kiir'ni-fi), r. i. ; pret. and pp. carnijil, 
ppr. I'lirnifi/ini/. [< F. earnijier = Sp. Pg. eanii- 
c (fell.) = It. ctiriiificare, < L. citniitiruri-, 
also earnuficare, only in sense of 'behead,' < 
caro (earn-), flesh, + facere, make. See car- 
nij'i.r.] 1. To form flesh ; grow fleshy. [Rare.] 
I walk, I see, I hear, I digest, I sanguify, I 001 
Sir I/. II, il,: (inn. of'Mankind/p. 81. 
2. In pathol., to lose the normal structure and 
become fleshy. See ciiriiilii'iilinii. 
carnin,carnihe(kiii-'nin), n. KL. caro (earn-), 
flesh (see carnal), + -in 2 , -ine- 2 .] A substance 
(CfHg^Og) found in muscular tissue, and hence 
in the extract of meat. It is a white crystalline pow- 
der, not readily soluble in cold water. It fonns a distinctly 
crystalline salt with hydrochloric acid. 
carnival (kiir'ni-val), n. [Formerly carnaval 
= T). karnaval = ban. Sw. G. karneval, < F. 
carnaral = Sp. Pg. carnaval, < It. Mrnorale, 
carnerale, the last three days before Lent; un- 
derstood in popular etymology as made up of 
It. carne, flesh, and rale, farewell, as if 'fare- 
well, flesh!' but prob. a corruption of ML. 
carneletamen, also camelevarium. carnilevaria, 
carnelevalc, Shrovetide, lit. the ^solace of the 
flesh,' permitted in anticipation of the Lenten 
fast, for L. carnis levamen (or ML. *levarium): 
carnis, gen. of caro, flesh (see carnal) ; levamen, 
solace, lightening, < Icrare, lighten, < let-is, 
light: see alleviate. The season was also 
called cnrnem-larare, 'flesh-relaxing,' carnisca- 
piuin, 'flesh-taking,' Carnivora, 'flesh-eating,' 
as well as carnijiricium, 'flesh-privation,' prop. 
applied to the beginning of Lent.] 1. The feast 
or season of rejoicing before Lent, observed in 
Roman Catholic countries with public merri- 
ment and revelry, feasts, balls, operas, eon- 
certs, etc. Hence 2. Figuratively, feasting 
or revelry in general. 
Love in the sacred halls 
Held carnival. Tennyson, Princess, vii. 
Carnival lace, a variety of reticella lace made in Italy, 
Spain, and France during the sixteenth century. 
carnivalesque (kar'ni- va-lesk'), a. [< carni- 
val + -esquc; after It. carnovitlesco] Pertain- 
ing to or resembling a carnival; suitable to or 
in keeping with a carnival. [Rare.] 
I ought fairly to confess that my last impression of the 
Camival was altogether carnivalesque. 
//. James, Jr., Trans. Sketches, p. 133. 
Carnivora (kar-niv'o-ra), n. pi. [L., neut. pi. 
of carnitorus: see carnivorous.] 1. [I. c.] In 
general, carnivorous animals; animals that 
feed on flesh. 2. In Cuvier's system of classi- 
fication, the carnivorous mammals proper; the 
Carnaria or Carnassia of Cuvier without the 
Insectivora, the Chiroptcra, and the carnivorous 
Marsupialia, forming the third family of his 
Carnaria, and divided into the tribes Plaiiti- 
grada, Digitigrada, and Amphibia (or Pinni- 
grada, the seals, etc.). The term was long almost 
universally used in this sense, and is still current ; but it 
is now usually superseded by Ferte as an order of mam- 
mals, divided into Fissipedia ami Pinnipedia, or terres- 
trial and amphibia! carnivores. The technical characters 
of the order are given under Ferce (which see). 
3. In entom., in Latreille's system, the first 
family of pentamerous Coleoptera, or beetles : 
synonymous with Adephaga. 
carnivoracity (kar"ni-vo-ras'i-ti), n. [< car- 
nivorous ; the term, after voracity.] Greedi- 
ness of appetite for flesh. Pope. [Rare.] 
Carnivores (kar-niv'o-re), n. pi. [NL., fern. pi. 
of L. carnirorus: see carnivorous.] In ichth., 
a division of cyprinodont fishes. See Cyprino- 
dontidat. 
carnivoral (kar-niv'o-ral), a. [< Carnivora + 
-al] Of or pertaining to the mammalian order 
Carnivora or Fera; (which see). B. G. Wilder, 
Amer. Neurol. Ass. Trans., 1882. 
