caroon 
the mountain-ash. ] A species of cherry. Sim- 
moiitlx. Also spelled nirrniiii. 
carosse't, " Same as earache. 
carosse-, . See knross. 
carotel, caroteel (kar-o-tel',-tel'), [E. Ind.] 
1. Au Oriental weight varying from 5 to 9 
pounds. 2. In Eastern commerce, a bundle^ 
generally of dried fruits, weighing about 7 
undredweight. A carotel of mace is 3 hun- 
dredweight. 
carotic (ka-rot'ik), a. [= V. cnrotiqiic = Sp. 
carutim, < (Jr. KUfiuriKfa, stupefying, < napovv, 
stupefy, < -/wf, stupor, torpor, heavy sleep: 
see cams.] 1. Relating to or of the nature of 
stupor or earns. 2. Same as carotid. 
caroticotympanic (ka-rot"i-ko-tim-pan'ik), a. 
[< carotir + li/ntpttnie.] In aunt., pertaining to 
the carotid canal and the tympanum. 
carotid (ka-rot'id), . and a. [= F. carnliih , 
n., fiirntiilii'ii, a., = Sp. ciinitidn, n., cnrotideo, 
a., = Pg. ftiriitiilax, n. pi., = It. carotidi, n. pi., 
< NL. carotin, pi. tnmiiili-x (cf. ML. caniHru; 
carotids), < Gr. Kapurif, usually in pi. xapuriiet. 
the two great arteries of the neck, so called, it 
is said, from a belief that sleep was caused 
by an increased flow of blood to the head 
through these vessels, < Ka/>6eiv, Kapovv, plunge 
into sleep, stupefy, < KK/JOJ, stupor: see carotic.'] 
I. n. The principal artery of the neck of the 
higher vertebrates. There are usually two carotids, 
n- hi anil left, giving off few if any branches in the neck 
itself, but supplying the head. In man, the right carotid 
arises in common with the right subc.lavian from the in- 
nominate artery ; the left arises directly from the arch of 
the aorta ; both ascend the neck nearly vertically, but 
somewhat divaricating from each other, ill front of the 
spinal column and oil each side of the trachea, inclosed 
with the pncumoLjiistrio nerve and internal jugular vein in 
UK- carotid sheath, and divide opposite the upper border 
of the thyroid cartilage into the internal and external 
carotids ; up to this division the right and left carotids are 
termed the common carotuls. The external carotifl* are 
the outer of the terminal branches of the common carotids, 
supplying mainly parts of the head outside the brain-cav- 
ity ; their branches are the superior thyroid, lingual, facial, 
occipital, posterior auricular, ascending pharyngeal, in- 
ternal maxillary, and temporal arteries. The internal 
carotid* are the inner of the terminal branches of the com- 
mon carotids, ascending deeply along the side of the neck 
and entering the cavity of the cranium through the carotid 
canal in the temporal bone, supplying the brain and asso- 
ciate structures. (See cuts under embryo and lung.) A 
similar arrangement of the carotids is substantially re- 
peated in mammals. In birds the disposition of these arte- 
ries varies much, but in most cases there is but one carotid, 
the left, or sinistrocarotid. Also carotin. 
II. a. Of or pertaining to the two great arteries 
of the neck : as, the carotid canal. Also carotic. 
Carotid arteries. See I. Carotid canal, the pas- 
sage by which the internal carotid artery enters the cavity 
1 of the cranium ; in man, a sinuous canal through the pe- 
trous portion of the temporal Iwne. Carotid foramen. 
See foramen. Carotid ganglion, a small sympathetic 
ganglion occasionally found on the under surface of the 
internal carotid artery wliile in the carotid canal. Ca- 
rotid gland, in etnltryol., the termination of the first or 
anterior primitive aortic arch, whence the internal and 
extemal carotids arise. Carotid groove, the sigmoid 
groove on either side of the body of the sphenoid bone 
where the internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus lie. 
Also called camrnma groove. Carotid nerve. (<t) A 
branch of the glossopharyngeal which accompanies the in- 
ternal carotid artery. (6) The large deep petrosal nerve, 
(c) The sympathetic nerve running up along the internal 
carotid artery from the first cervical ganglion. Carotid 
plexus, the plexus of sympathetic fibers lying on the 
outer side of the internal carotid while in the carotid 
canal. Carotid sheath, a membranous envelop en- 
sheathing the common carotid artery, internal jugular 
vein, and pneumogastric nerve. Carotid tubercle, the 
prominent anterior tubercle of the transverse process of 
the sixth cervical vertebra, against which the common 
carotid artery may be compressed. Cerebral carotid 
artery. Same as internal carotid. See I. 
carotldal (ka-rot'i-dal), a. Carotid. [Rare.] 
carotides, . Plural of carotis. 
carotin, carotine (kar'o-tin), n. [< L. carota, 
carrot, + -in 2 , -4ne z .~\ The coloring matter of 
the carrot. 
carotis (ka-ro'tis), n. ; pi. carotides (ka-rot'i- 
dez). [NL. : see carotid.] Same as carotid. 
carouge (ka-roj'), . [Appar. the F. form of 
a native name. F. carouge is otherwise a var. 
of caroube, carob: see carob.~\ Cuvier's name 
for a bird of his genus Xanthornus: applied 
to various American orioles, hangnests, or ba- 
nana-birds of the family Icterida;, as the Balti- 
more bird and orchard-oriole. 
carousal 1 (ka-rou'zal), . [< carouse + -al; 
the form being suggested perhaps by the older 
word carousal?, carousel.] A feast or festival ; 
a noisy drinking-bout or revel. 
The swains were preparing for a carousal. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, vii. 43. 
=Syn. Ravel, Carousal, Wassail, Spree, Debauch, Satur- 
nalia, <)/<;/ agree in expressing times of excess in drinking ; 
some of them include other sensual pleasures. They are 
in the order of strength and consequent reprobation im- 
plied. A revel is accompanied with some drunkenness, 
829 
disorder, and noise. A taruuml is by derivation a time of 
drinking deeply ; it may be a baerluin;ili;in ft 'list, a noisy, 
uurrHtniinrd drinking-bout. H'jw/i7 is limited by its 
associations with the past so as to be ehietly poetic or to 
express deep drinkinu'. X/'/v- is considered :i colloqnm! 
word, but seems likely to \\ in recognition .-is ;t convenient 
word for a period of drunkenness which incite* to wild 
and reckless Action, ll,'t*citch is distinctively excess, hav- 
ing less reference now than formerly to eating, applyin.tr 
chietly to ^ro.ss leudnessor drunkenness, ubich is otten 
prolonged. **tt m-niili'i . like tnl.mnl, li:is liistnrieill assii- 
riations; it is a strong word for license, noisy revelry, 
gross and continued debauchery, llfni is by derivation a 
secret nocturnal debauch, and by usjtye a time of joining 
in a wild or fr;tntic abandonment to drunkenness or lust, 
or both the extreme in that kind of misconduct. Sec 
feast. 
O that men should put an enemy in their mouths to 
steal away their brains! that we. should, with joy, plcas- 
auce, recel, and applause, transform ourselves into i 
- ' 
-., dthello, ii. ,'i. 
The carousals in the castle-halls ; the jollity of the bun 
quet tables. /. ///,, //, I'inios. of Lit., IV. :V'.. 
We did but talk you over, pledge you all 
In waxxiiiL '/' iniiixnn. I'rinccss, ProL 
Fat Luxury, sick of the night's ilelmueh, 
Lay groaning. Pollok, Course of Time, vii. 69. 
Among the dependencies of Athens seditions assumed 
a character more ferocious than even in l<'ranee, during 
the reign of terror the accursed Saturnalia of an ac- 
cursed bondage. 
Macaulay, Hitford's Hist. Greece, p. 188. 
Amid its fair broad lands the abbey lay, 
Sheltering dark orgies that were shame to tell. 
llryant, The Ages, XT. 
carousal-, carousel (kar'6-zal, -zel), . [Prop. 
carousel, s F. OttrroUMl, a tilt, tiltiug-match, < 
It. carosello, a form altered (by confusion with 
curricMo, dim. of carro, a car, chariot) from 
garosello, a festival, a tournament, lit. a fight, 
quarrel, < ijaroselln, quarrelsome, dim. from 
yaroso, quarrelsome, < gara, strife, contention, 
perhaps another form of guerra, war, < OHG. 
werra = E. war, q. y.] If. A tilting-match or 
similar pageant ; military exercises ; a tourna- 
ment in which cavaliers executed various evo- 
lutions, sometimes intermingled with allegori- 
cal dances and scenic representations. 
Before the crystal palace, where he dwells, 
The armed angels hold their carousels. 
Marvell, Lachrymaj Musanim (1650). 
A royal carousal given by Charles the Fifth of France to 
the Emperor Charles the Fourth. 
T. Warton, Hist. Eng. Poetry, I. 245. 
Leaving out the warlike part of the carousal*. 
Dryden, Pref. to Albion and Albanius. 
2. See carrousel, 2. 
carouse (ka-rouz ', formerly ka-rous ' ) , n. [Early 
mod. E. also carowse and garouse; < OF. carous, 
later carousse, F. carrousse, a drinking-bout, = 
Sp. caraos, formerly carduz, drinking a full 
bumper to one's health, orig. an adv., < G. 
garaus, adv., quite out, all out, as substantive 
a finishing stroke (cf. allaus, E. all out, formerly 
used in the same way, of emptying a bumper), 
< gar, quite, completely (= E. yare), + aus = 
E. out.] If. A hearty drink or full draught of 
liquor: as, to quaff or drink carouse. 
And here with a carowse after a blessing begins the feast. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 206. 
A full carouse of sack. Davies, State of Ireland. 
With my poniard will I stab my flesh, 
And quaff carouses to thee of my blood. 
Lust's Dominion, L 1. 
The Prelate revell like Belshazzar with their full ca- 
rouses in Goblets and vessels of gold snatcht from Gods 
Temple. Milton, Reformation in Eng., ii. 
2. A carousal ; a noisy banquet. 
The early feast and late carouse. Pope. 
= Syn. 2. See carousatt. 
carouse (ka-rouz'), v.; pret. and pp. caroused, 
ppr. carousing. [Early mod. E. also carowse 
and garouse; < OF. carousser, drink, quaff, swill, 
< carous, a carouse : see the noun.] I. intrans. 
To drink freely and with jollity ; revel noisily 
or intemperately. 
"A health," quoth he, as if 
He had been aboard, carousing to his mates 
After a storm. Shak., T. of the 8., lii 2. 
Having all day carous'd and banqueted. 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., ii. L 
I said, O soul, make merry and carouse. 
Tennyson, Palace of Art. 
Il.t trans. To drink up ; drink to the bottom. 
He in that forest did death's cup carowse. 
Mir. for Magi., p. 646. 
[Roderigo] To Desdemona hath to-night carous'd 
Potations pottle-deep. Shak., Othello, Ii. 3. 
Homer, to whom the Muses did carouse 
A great deep cup with heavenly nectar flll'd. 
Sir J. Dames, Dancing. 
carousel, n. See carousal 2 and carrousel. 
carouser (ka-rou'zer), n. [< carouse, v., + -er 1 . 
Formerly also garouier.] One who carouses ; a 
carp 
drinker; a tnper; a noisy reveler or bacchana- 
lian. 
carousingly (kii-rou'/.ing-li), <nlr. In a carous- 
ing manner. 
Carp 1 (kiirp), c. [< MK. fni'iifn, speak, say, 
tell, < Icel. 1,-nr/iii, boast, brug (l.'ur/i, bragging), 
= Sw. dial, kitr/m, brag, boast, uppiir. the same 
as Sw. dial. i/tirjM = Norw. garya, brag, boast; 
cf. Icel. '/'"'/"' = "Sw. i/iirji = Norw. </<///<, :i 
warlike or boastful man, also a term applied in 
the middle ages to the Hanseatic traders in 
Sweden and Norway. The orig. sense 'speak' 
or 'talk' has taken in mod. use a sinister ad- 
dition, 'talk censoriously,' appar. by associa- 
tion wit Ii the L. air/M-re, carp at, slander, calum- 
niate, revile, also, figuratively, pluck, pick, 
crop, gather, tear off, pull in pieces, perhaps 
akin to Gr. na/mor, fruit (that which is gath- 
ered), and to E. harvest, q. v.] I. intraim. If. 
To speak; tell. 
When he told hade his tale tomly [leisurely) to the rude, 
He enclinet the kvni.'. und rur/,i/ no more. 
DcstriictiiiH nj VY.,,/ (K. E. T. S.), 1. 244S. 
Now we leven Joseph, and of the kyng carpen. 
Joseph of Arimathie, 1. 175. 
Hwen thu art on else, carp? toward Ihesu and seie thise 
wordes. Old Kti<t. llmitiKfs, Istser. (ed. Morris), p. 287. 
I will now carp of kings. Percy MS. 
2f. To talk; babble; chatter. 
In felaweschipe wel cowde sche lawghe and carpe. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 474. 
Kepe thi knyfe both clcne & scherpe, 
And IHJ not besy forto kerpe. 
Bailees Book (E. E. T. 8.), p. 23. 
3. To censure, cavil, or find fault, particularly 
without reason or petulantly: used absolutely 
or followed by at. 
Other of your insolent retinue 
Do hourly carp and quarrel. Shak., Lear, L 4. 
No, not a tooth or nail to scratch 
And at my actions carp and catch. '.'. Herbert. 
Il.t trans. 1. To utter; speak. 
With corage kene he carpe.s thes wordes. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), L 1725. 
Then our king full of courage carped these words. 
Percy MS. 
2. To blame ; find fault with ; chide. 
Suspecting that Eiiphues would be carped of some curi- 
ous Reader. Lyly, Euphues and his England, p. 214. 
My honest homely words were carp'd and censured. 
Dryden. 
carp 1 ! (karp), n. [ME. : see carp 1 , .] Speech; 
talk; conversation. 
When non wolde kepe hym with carp he cojed ful hy3e, 
Ande rimed hym ful richley, & ryjjt hym to speke. 
Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), 1. 307. 
carp 2 (kiirp), n. [< ME. carpe (not found in 
AS.) = D. karper = OHG. charpho, carfo, 
MHG. carplte, karpe, G. karpfen, karpfe = Icel. 
karfi = Sw. karp = Dan. karpe; hence (from 
Teut.) ML. (LL.) carpa (> F. carpe = Pr. es- 
carpa = Sp. J?g. It. carpa = Wall, crop), later 
carpo(n-), carpio(n-) (> It. carpio, carpione), and 
prob. Pol. karp = Serv. karpa = Russ. karpu 
= Bohem. kapr = Lett, karpa ; also W. carp, 
Gael, carbhanach, a carp. Prob. an orig. Teut. 
word ; if so, the other forms are borrowed.] 1. 
A teleostean fish of the family C'yprinida;, Cypri- 
nus carpio. The normal form has a long compressed body, 
large scales (35 to 39 being along the lateral line), a long 
dorsal with a strong serrate spine and 17 to 22 rays, a short 
anal with 3 simple and 5 branched rays, and 4 barbels upon 
the upper jaw. It is said to have been introduced into 
England in the fourteenth century. It is an excellent fish 
for ponds, as it breeds rapidly, grows to a large size, some- 
times attaining the length of 4 feet, and lives for many 
years. In old age ite scales become gray and white. There 
are numerous varieties, the most notable being (a) the 
normal form or scale-carp just described, (6) the mirror- 
carp, distinguished by very large scales below the dorsal, 
Mirror-Carp (Cyfrittus carpio). (From Report of U. S. Fish Com- 
mission, 1884.) 
above the anal, and in a median posterior row, and (c) 
the leather-carp, characterized by its almost or quite na- 
ked skin. The last two have long been the subjects of 
special culture, and have been widely distributed in the 
United States. 
2. A fish related to the common carp. The best- 
known is the gold carp or goldfish, Carassius aurattts. See 
cut under goldfish. 
3. A name on the northeast coast of Ireland 
for the common sea-bream, Pagellus centrodon- 
tus. 4. An English name of the opah. 6. 
