Carpodacus 
Carpodacus (kiir-pod'a-kus), w. 
Kaup, 1829), < (!r. mpwif, fruit, + rfasof, a bite, 
[NL. (J. J. 
a sting, < ouKveti; bite.] An extensive genus of 
beautiful oscine passerine birds, of the family 
Friiigillitla 1 ; the purple fiuches or purple bull- 
Purple Finch (Carpodacus purpurms). 
finches, species of which are found in both 
hemispheres. Some shade of red is the principal color 
of the males. The common European species is C. ery- 
thrinus; the common purple finch of the United States 
is C. puritumui ; the burton or house-finch of the south- 
western United States is C. frontalis. 
Carpodectes (kar-po-dek'tez), n. [NL. (O. Sal- 
vin, 1864), < Gr. rapTrof, fruit, + deKTi/f, a re- 
ceiver, a beggar, < &kxt.a8ai, StitxaQai, receive, 
take.] A genus of beautiful tropical American 
birds, of the subfamily Cotiuqince, the type of 
which is C. nitidus of Costa Rica. 
carpogenic (kiir-po-jen'ik), a, [< Gr. itapvdc,. 
fruit, + -fcvr/f, producing (see -genous), + -4c.\ 
In hot., fruit-producing : applied in algology to a 
cell, or system of cells, which develops after fer- 
tilization into spores and a mature cystocarp. 
The carpogenic cell or system varies in the different 
genera. Farlow, Marine Alga), p. 20. 
carpogenous (kar-poj'e-nus), a. [As carpogen- 
ic + -ous."] Same as carpogenic. 
One or more of the cells termed carpogenous cells di- 
vide. Encyc. Brit., XX. 425. 
carpogon, carpogone (kar'po-gon, -gon), n. 
Same as carpogonium. 
carpogonium (kar-po-go'ni-um), n.; pi. carpo- 
gonia (-a). [NL., < Gr. Kapir6f, fruit, + -yovoc, 
producing: see -gony.] In hot., the female or- 
gan in the Carposporeee ; the cell, or system of 
cells, which after fertilization produces the sex- 
ual spores, in whatever manner; in Floridece, 
the carpogenic cell or system; the procarp. 
The term is most properly used of Floridece, 
which are the typical Carposporeee. 
carpolite (kar'po-lit), n. [= F. carpolithe = 
Sp. carpolito = Pg. carpolithos, < Gr. Kapir6f, 
fruit, + /U0of, stone.] A fossil fruit. Also 
carpolith. 
carpological (kar-po-loj ' i-kal), a. [< carpol- 
ogy + -teal. Cf. F. carpologique = Sp. carpott- 
gico.~\ Pertaining to carpology. Sal/our. 
I trust that in the sequel the critical botanist will excuse 
me for having neglected the strict terminology of carpo- 
loqical science, aud made no distinction between seeds and 
fruits. Pop. Sci. Mo., XIII. 603. 
carpologist (kiir-pol'o-jist), n. [< carpology + 
-ist.] One who studies or treats of carpology. 
carpology (kar-pol'6-ji), . [= F. carpologie 
= Sp. carpologia = It. carpologia, < Gr. nap-no*;, 
fruit, + -Aoyia, < \eyuv, speak : see -ology.] 
That division of botany which relates to the 
structure of fruits in general. 
carpometacarpal (kar"p6-met-a-kar'pal), a. 
[< carpus + metacarpus + -al.] Pertaining 
both to the carpus and to the metacarpus : as, 
the carpometacarpal articulation. 
carpopedal (kar-po-ped'al), a. [= F. earpo- 
pedal, < NL. carpus, carpus, + L. pes (ped-) = 
E. foot.'] Affecting both the hands (or wrists) 
and the feet Carpopedal spasm, (a) Spasm of the 
feet and hands, occurring in children iu laryngismus stri- 
dulus and in other diseases. (6) Laryngismus stridulus. 
[Rare.] See laryngismus. 
Carpophaga (kar-pof ' a-ga), n. [NL. (P. J. 
Selby, 1835) (> Sp. cdrpofago), < Gr. napiro- 
<jid-yof, living on fruit, < Kttffirof, fruit, + ^ayeZv, 
eat.] 1. A genus of fruit-pigeons, giving name 
to a subfamily Carpophagince. 2. pi. A group 
of fruit-eating marsupial mammals, consisting 
chiefly of the phalangers or Phalangistida;. 
Owen, 1839. 
carpophagous (kar-pof 'a-gus), a. ^Carpo- 
phaga + -ous. Cf. F. carpophage, carpopha- 
Carpophore 
(with carpels) 
of an unibelli- 
832 
gous.] Fruit-eating; frugivorous; specifically, 
of or pertaining (a) to the genus of pigeons of 
which Carpophaga is the type; (b) to the mar- 
supial Carpophaga. 
The typical group of the carpophagous marsupials is 
that of tile Phakingistidie or phalangers. 
Xinilxiiii, Manual of Zool., p. 638. 
Carpophilus (kiir-pof'i-lus), n. [NL. (F. car- 
pophile, a., fruit-loving), < Gr. Kapir6f, fruit, + 
0Uof, loving.] A genus of clavicorn beetles, 
of the family NitidulidiK, having a bilobed la- 
brum, 11-jointed antennse with a 3-jointed 
oval club, legs moderate, tibias widening at 
tip, dilated tarsi, simple claws, and 2 or 3 dor- 
sal segments beyond the elytra. C. hemiptc- 
rus is a small species of wide geographical 
distribution. 
carpophore (kilr'po-for), n. [= F. carpophore 
= Sp. carpoforo, ^ NL. carpopho- 
rum, < Gr. /capiroi/xipof , bearing fruit, 
< napTTOf, fruit, + -<f>6pof, < <f>epeiv = 
E. bear 1 .'] In bot., the prolongation 
of the floral axis which bears the 
carpels of some compound fruits, 
as in Geranium and many Unibcl- 
liferce. It is sometimes applied, but less 
properly, to any stipe supporting an ovary, 
as in the Capparidacece. 
carpophyl (kar'po-fii), n. [= F. 
curpophijlle, < NL. ctirpophyllum, < fer. 
Gr. /capirof, fruit (see carpi), + 
efv'&av = L. folium, leaf.] In bot., s 
carpel. 
carpopodite (kiir-pop'o-dit), n. [< Gr. 
the wrist, carpus, + n-off (Trorf-) = E. foot.] 
In Crustacea, the fifth joint of a developed 
endopodite, between the meropodite and the 
propodite. Milne-Edwards. See cut under en- 
dopodite. 
carpopoditic (kar-pop-o-dit'ik), a. [< carpopo- 
dite + -ic.] Of or pertaining to a carpopodite. 
Huxley. 
carpospore (kar ' po - spor), n. [< Gr. Kapjrof, 
fruit, + an-opd, seed.'] One of the spores in red 
algre (Floridece) that are produced in the cysto- 
carp as a result of sexual fertilization. 
The cystocarpic spores, or carpospores, are always pyri- 
form and undivided, and accompanied by paraphyses. 
Farlow, Marine Alga:, p. 178. 
Carposporese (kar-po-spo're-e), n. pi. [NL., 
as carpospore + -co 1 .] In bot., a proposed 
division of thallophytes in which sexual re- 
production takes place, the product of fertili- 
zation being a number of spores (carpospores 
or ascospores), usually within an envelop, the 
whole forming a sporocarp (cystocarp). It in- 
cludes the Floridece among algae, and according to some 
authors the Ascomycetes and Basidiomyceteg among fungi. 
CarpOStome (kar'po-stom), n. [< Gr. Kapirdf, 
fruit, + OTO//O, mouth.] In bot., a narrow open- 
ing formed in the cortex of the frond of some 
alg, by which the cystocarp discharges its 
spores. 
The cystocarps discharge their spores through carpo- 
gtomex or narrow canals formed in the cortex of the 
fronds. Farlow, Marine Algtc, p. 144. 
carp-sucker (karp'suk'er), . A catostomoid 
fisn of the subfamily Ictiobina;, having a small 
carriage 
of the metacarpus, and constituting the prox- 
imal division of the skeleton of the manus or 
hand. In man the carpua consists of 8 bones in 2 rows 
of 4 each, viz. : in the proximal row from the radial to the 
ulnar side, the scaphoid, semi-lunar, 
cuiiL'iform, and pisiform ; in the distal 
row, the trapezium, trapezoid, mag- 
num, and unciform. In other verte- 
brates the number of Iwjnes varies 
much ; in birds the free carpals are 
normally reduced to two. See hand. 
3. In Crustacea, the fifth joint 
of the normally 7-jointed leg, 
between the meros and the pro- 
podos. 4. In cntom,, a name 
sometimes applied to the ptero- 
stigma or colored spot on the 
anterior edge of the wings in 
many insects. 
carquaise (kar-kaz'), n. [F., 
also carcuise : see carcass.'] An 
annealing-arch used in the 
Right Carpus of a 
Chelonian (Chety- 
*). showing nearly 
manufacture of plate-glass. E. ^ToFM "Spa' 
bones. K, radius ; U, 
H. Knight. uuucs. , ia u ,us . L 
,-. . ulna. The proximal 
CarqUenett, See Carcanet. series are : r, radiale ; 
Carraccesque, a. See Carac- 
t-f.'.'f/itt 1 . 
carrack, n. See carack. 
, 
t, ulnare ; t, interme- 
dium; f.centrale; 1-5, 
the five carpalia, or 
distal carpals, known 
as carpale I, carpale 
Carp-sucker (Ictiobus carpio) 
mouth protractile downward, and narrow pha- 
ryngeal bones with numerous thin teeth. The 
species attain a large size, and abound in the Mississippi 
valley and Great Lake region ; one, Carpiode-s cyprimu, 
also occurs in the Atlantic watershed. They superficially 
resemble the European carp, and are sometimes called 
carp ; they are also known as buffalo-fish. 
carpus (kar'pus), n. ; pi. carpi (-pi). [NL. (> 
F. carpe = Sp. Pg. It. carpo), < Gr. Kaptr6c,, the 
wrist.] 1. The wrist, wrist-joint, or carpal ar- 
ticulation ; the proximal segment of the manus 
or hand, corresponding to the tarsus of the foot ; 
the joint by which the hand or distal division of 
the fore limb is connected with the forearm. 
Thus, in a horse, the so-called "knee" is the 
carpus. 2. Especially the carpal bones or 
carpalia, collectively considered ; a number of 
small irregularly nodular bones intervening be- 
tween the bones of the antebrachium and those 
near Waterford in Ireland, 
where it abounds.] A marine alga very com- 
mon on rocks and stones on the coasts of Great 
Britain and Ireland. It is a very variable weed, with 
a flat dichotomously branching frond of a deep purple- 
brown color and of a cartilaginous texture. When dried 
and exposed to sunlight it becomes whitish, and in this 
condition is known as Irish moxx, and is used for making 
soups, bianc-mange, size, etc. Also spelled carageen, cara- 
f/fii'i'tl, carrot'-' 1 /< . 
carrageenin, carrageenine (kar-a-ge'nin), n. 
[< carrageen + -in" 2 , -ir 2 .] The mucilaginous 
constituent of carrageen, represented by some 
chemists under the formula C^H^oOn,, and, 
like starch, sugar, etc., appearing to be a car- 
bohydrate. Also caragenin, licliiniit. 
carragheen, n. See carrageen. 
carramet, n. A Middle English form of carrion. 
carrallt, n. An old form of carol'*. 
Carrarese (kar-a-res' or-rez'), a. and . I. a. 
Pertaining or belonging to Carrara in Italy. 
Obstacles were thrown in Michelangelo's way, and the 
hostility of the Carrarese workmen was excited against 
him. ' C. C. Perkins, Italian Sculpture, p. 276, note. 
II. n. An inhabitant of Carrara. 
carratt, . A former spelling of carat. 
carraway, n. See caraway. 
carrawitchet, . See carriwitchet. 
carreH, carre 2 t, etc. See car 1 , etc. 
carr6 (ka-ra'), n. [P., prop. pp. of carrer, make 
square: see quadrate.] A vegetable tracing- 
paper, in size 18 by 22 inches. 
carreau (ka-ro') ! pi- earreaux (-roz'). [F., 
< OF. carrel: see carrefl, quarreP.] If. A 
dart; a quarrel. 2. An old French game, simi- 
lar to bowls. Strittt. 3. A square of glass, es- 
pecially a small one, used in ornamental glaz- 
ing. 
carrel 1 (kar' el), n. [< OF. carrel, also quarrel 
(> ME. quarel, E. quarrel 2 ), later carrcau, quar- 
reau, F. carreau = Pr. cairel = OCat. quadrcl = 
Sp. quadrillo = It. quadrello, < ML. miadrcllug, 
a square tile, a dart: see quarrel 2 . Cf. earlet.~] 
1. Same as quarrel 2 . 2. A mixed fabric of silk 
and worsted used in the sixteenth century. 
Fairholt. 3. [Appar. a 'square' inclosure; 
but cf . carol 2 .] A closet or pew in a monastery. 
carre! 2 t (kar' el), n. Same as carol 2 . 
carrelage (kar'el-aj), n. [F., < OF. carrel, a 
square, pane (see carrefi), + -age.] Tiling in 
general; specifically, the decorated tiling in 
terra-cotta in use in the middle ages for floors 
and the like, and imitated in modern times. 
See tile, and encaustic tile, under encaustic. 
carrellt (kar'el), . Same as carol 2 . 
carriable (kar'i-a-bl), a. [< carry + -able.] 
Capable of being carried. Sherwood. 
carriage (kar'aj), n. [Early mod. E. also ca- 
riage, < ME. cariage, burden, baggage, trans- 
port, < OF. cariage, chariage, mod. F. cliarriage 
(> Pg. carruagem, a carriage, cart, = It. car- 
riagio, baggage ; ML. cariagium, act or price of 
transporting), < carter, carry: see carry. The 
concrete sense of 'vehicle' is partly due to ca- 
roche, q. v.] 1. The act of carrying, bearing, 
transporting, or conveying. 
Fil nat thy spone, lest in the cariage 
It went beside, whiche were nat commendable. 
Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 30. 
The carriage of sounds. Bacon, Nat. Hist 
