carve 
A million wrinkles carvnd his skin. 
Tennyson, Palace of Art. 
To carve out. (a) To make or form by carving or parcel- 
ing ; cut out : as, to carve out a smaller estate from a 
larger one. 
With his br.imlish'd steel . . . 
Carv'il out his passage. SAait., Machcth, i. :*. 
The bright share carved out the furrow clean. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 202. 
(ft) Figuratively, to achieve by exertion or skill : as, to 
carve out a career for one's self. 
II. intrans. 1. To exercise the trade of a 
carver; engrave or cut figures. 2. To cut up 
meat: as, to cane for all the guests. 
And car/ before his fader at the table. 
Chaucer, Ocn. Prol. to C. T., 1. 100. 
To carve for one's self, to do as one pleases; act inde- 
pendently. 
Those up the river have carved largely for (AtfwweZi'c*, 
which . . . they will after repent, when they sec what 
helps they have deprived themselves of. 
H'intlimii, Hist. New England, I. 489. 
carve 2 (kiirv), v. i. ; pret. and pp. carved, ppr. 
carving. [E. dial. ; origin obscure.] To grow 
sour; curdle: said of cream. Grose; Halliwell. 
[Cheshire, Eng.] 
carve 3 t, See came. 
carvel 1 (kar'vel), TO. [Cpntr. of caravel, q. v.] 
1. See caravel. 2|. A jelly-fish. 
The carvel is a sea-fome, floating upon the surface of 
the ocean, of a globous form. 
Sir T. Herbert, Travels in Africa, p. 28. 
3. A basket; also, a chicken-coop. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
carvel 2 (kar'vel), n. See carval. 
carvel-built (kar'vel-bilt), . Built with the 
planks all flush and not overlapping: said of a 
ship or boat. 
carvel-joint (kar'vel- joint), n. A flush joint; 
specifically, one between the planks or plates 
of a ship or boat. 
carvel-Work (kilr'vel-werk), . In ship-build- 
ing, the putting together of the planking or 
plates with flush joints, as distinguished from 
clincher-work. 
carven 1 (kiir'vn). Old and poetical past parti- 
ciple of carve. 
carven 2 !, v. t. [Spenser's imitation of ME. ker- 
rcn, inf., carve: see carve 1 .] To cut; carve. 
carvene (kiir'ven), n. [< carvy (F., etc., cam), 
caraway, + -ene.j An almost tasteless and 
odorless liquid (CipHig) found in oil of cara- 
way. 
carver (kar'ver), . [< ME. kerrer, < kerven, 
carve: see cane 1 .] 1. One who carves, (a) 
One who cuts up meat into portions for the table, (b) 
One who cuts ivory, wood, or the like in a decorative way ; 
a sculptor. 
The master painters and the carvers came. Dryden. 
(c) Figuratively, one who makes, shapes, or molds, in any 
sense. 
Be his own earner, and cut out his way 
To find out right with wrong. 
Shak., Kich. II., U. 8. 
2. A large table-knife used for carving meat. 
carving (kar'ving), n. [< ME. kervinge, verbal 
n. of kerven, carve: see carve 1 .] 1. The act 
or art of carving. Specifically 2. A. branch 
of sculpture consisting of work of decorative 
character rather than statuary or monumental 
relief. 3. A device or figure carved; a design 
produced by carving: as, a tomb ornamented 
with carvings. 
The lids are ivy, grapes in clusters lurk 
Beneath the carving of the curious work. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Eclogues, iii. 59. 
4. In coal-mining, nearly the same as cutting 
(which see). [Leicestershire, Eng.] Carving- 
chisel. See chiel. 
carving-fork (kar'ving-fprk), TO. A large fork 
used to hold meat while it is being carved, and 
generally provided with a guard to prevent cut- 
ting the hand if the knife slips. 
carving-knife (kar'ving-nif), . A large knife 
used for carving meat at table. 
carving-lathe (kar'ving-laTH), . A lathe 
adapted for the grooving, channeling, and or- 
namenting of columns, balusters, legs of tables, 
etc. 
carvistt (kar'yist), TO. [Etym. unknown ; hard- 
ly "a corruption of carry-fist" (from being car- 
ried on the hand), as usually guessed.] In 
falconry, a young hawk. 
carvol (kar'vol), . [< carvy (F., etc., com), 
caraway, + -ol.] A liquid (C 10 H U O) of pleas- 
ant odor contained in oil of caraway. 
carvy (kar'vi), n. [< F. carri, caraway: see car- 
away.] Caraway. [Scotch and prov. Eng.] 
car-wheel (kilr'hwel), . A wheel of a car, es- 
pecially of a railroad-car. In railroad-cars the wheel 
Washburn Car-wheel ; 
side elevation and dia- 
metric section. 
prop. 
839 
has a conical tread and a flange projecting beyond the 
tread at its inner edge, to prevent derailment. The 
roning of the tread or rim gives a 
Ki'catcr diameter tin the inner or 
lluiiye .side Ulan at the outer edge, 
and is designed to counteract in 
part any tendency of the wheel in 
leave the rail. Paper car-wheel, 
a car-wheel with a bteel tirv :unl a 
web of compressed paper between 
plates which are bolted to the hub 
iind the tire. K. II. Kmi/lit. 
carwhichett (kar'hwich-et), 
a. Same as carriicitchet. 
Oarya (ka'ri-a), n. [NL., < 
Gr. Kapva, the walnut-tree, < 
jiaaAinu or vepotud, royal (i. e., Persian) or Per- 
sian nuts (ef. E. JMM* 1 , ult. < Gr. TtepaiKuv), pi. 
of Kdpvov, a nut (of any kind), prob. akin to 
xlpof, horn, E. horn, etc.] A genus of North 
American trees, natural order Jtiglandacea', 
confined to the region east of the Rocky Moun- 
tains. There are 8 species, including the pecan (C. oliva- 
for mix), the shellbark hickory (C. alba), and other hick- 
ories. The wood is in general heavy, hard, strong, and 
tough, and is extensively used as fuel and in the manu- 
facture of agricultural implements, carriages, handles of 
tools, hoops, etc. The bark yields a yellow dye. 
caryatic (kar-i-at'ik), a. [< L. Caryates, Cary- 
ans; in architectural sense, < L. Caryatides: 
see caryatid.} Pertaining to the Caryans (in 
this sense with a capital) or to caryatids : as, 
"Persian and Caryatic figures," B. Stuart. 
Caryatic order, in arch., an order in which the entab- 
lature is supported by female figures instead of columns. 
caryatid (kar-i-at'id), . and a. [=r F. caryatide, 
cariatide = Sp. caridtide=Pg. It. cariatide, < L. 
pi. Caryatides, < Or. napvdnSe^, caryatids (cf. Ka- 
pvdrtScf, the priestesses of Artemis at Caryse, 
pi. of Kapvarte, a name of Artemis), lit. ' women 
of Caryes,' < Kap'uai, Caryee, a place in Laconia, 
Greece, with a famous temple of Artemis. Cf. 
atlantes, canephore, 2, and telamon.] I. n. ; pi. 
caryatids, caryatides (-idz, -i-dez). In arch., a 
figure of a woman dressed in long robes, serving 
as a column to support an entablature or to fill 
any other office of a column. Vitruvius relates 
that the city of C'aryie sided with the Persians after the 
Caryatids. 
Porch of the Erechtheum at Athens. 
battle of Thermopylae and that it was on this account 
sacked by the other Greeks, who took the women cap- 
tive, and to perpetuate this event erected trophies in 
which figures of women dressed in the Caryatic manner 
were used to support entablatures. This story is proba- 
bly imaginary, but no doubt the name and perhaps the 
idea of the caryatids were derived from Caryfie. 
Two great statues, Art 
And Science, Caryatids, lifted up 
A weight of emblem. Tennyson, Princess, iv. 
II. a. Pertaining to or of the form of a cary- 
atid; caryatic. 
caryatidean (kar*i-at-i-de'an), a. [< caryatid 
+ -fan.] Supported by caryatids. 
This Caryatidean portico [of the Erechtheum] displays 
very clearly the arrangement of the ceiling. 
Encye. Brit., II. 408. 
caryatides, w. Latin plural of caryatid. 
caryin, caryine (kar'i-in), n. [< Carya + -in%, 
-ine 2 .] A crystalline principle found in the bark 
of Carya tomentosa (the mockernut or white- 
heart hickory), believed to be identical with 
quercitrin. 
caryinite (ka-ri'i-nit), . [< caryin + -ite%.] 
An arseniate of lead, manganese, and calcium, 
occurring massive, of a brown color, at the 
lead-mines of Langban, Sweden. 
Caryoborus (kar-i-ob'o-rus), n. [NL., < Gr. K&- 
pvov, nut, + popof, eating.] A genus of rhyn- 
chophorous coleopters or weevus, of the fam- 
ily Bruchidce, differing from Bruchus by having 
the fore COXEB separated by the prosternum. C. 
caryopsis 
arthriticus is a species of the southern United 
Stiiti-s. inlVstino; tlif palmetto. 
Caryobranchia (kar i-o-brang'ki-ji), n. pi. 
[NL., < (jr. Hupmi; a nut (nucleus), + fipayxia, 
gills.] An order of gastropods: proposed as 
a substitute for Xucl>iirini<-lii<ita (which see): 
same as Ilettropoda. Menke, 1828; Sirainson, 
1839. 
Caryocar (ka-ri'o-kar), n. [NL., < ( ir. mpvov, a 
nut (see Carya), + K&pa, head; the globose fruit 
is often as largo as a child's head.] A genus 
of plants, natural order Ternstraimiacece, con- 
sisting of 8 species of lofty trees, natives of 
tropical America. They produce ;;".Ki timber, and 
their fruits contain :i or 4 large kidney-shaped seeds in- 
closed in an extremely hard woody shell, reddish-brown 
in color and covered with roundish protuberances. They 
are called muari-nuti or butternut*, have a pleasant nutty 
flavor, and yield a bland oil. The chief soiinv of these 
nuts is C. nitciferum, a tree frequently reaching the height 
of 100 feet, common in the forests of British Guiana, par- 
ticularly on the banks of the rivers Emu-quilio and lierbice. 
Its flowers are large and of a deep purplish-rcci color. 
caryocinesis (kar"i-o-si-ne'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Kapiirv, a nut (nucleus), + Kivr/atf, movement, 
change: see kinexix.] In emliryol., the series of 
active changes taking place in the nucleus of 
a living cell in the process of division. Also 
written htryokiiii'iiis. 
CaryophyllaceaB (kar'i-a-fi-la'se-e), n. i>l. 
[NL., < C'ai-i/i>]ilii/l!n.i + -acea.] A natural order 
of polypetalous plants, the pink tribe, includ- 
ing over 800 species of bland nerbs, distributed 
all over the globe, with stems generally swollen 
at the nodes, and opposite leaves, the bases of 
which are frequently united. The flowers are reg- 
ular, and the numerous seeds are attached to a central 
placenta. The greater number of the species are incon- 
spicuous weeds, like chickweed, spurrey, sandwort, etc., 
but many are found as favorite plants in gardens, as the 
pink, carnation, sweet- William, etc. The largest genera 
are Dianthux, Sttene, Lychnii, and Arenaria. See cut 
below. 
caryophyllaceous (kar'i-6-fi-la'shius), a. [< 
Caryophyllaeeee.] Pertaining to the Caryophyl- 
lacea : especially applied 
to flowers having five pet- 
als with long claws in a 
tubular calyx. Also cary- 
ophyllous, caryophylleoua. 
Caryophyllaeidse (kar'i- 
o-fi-le'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
<! CaryopJiyllants 4- -ida;.] 
A family of eestode platy- 
helminths, or tapeworms, 
characterized by having 
only one proglottis, the 
body elongated and un- 
segmented, the head-armature weak, consist- 
ing of a lobed fringe without hooks, and eight 
sinuous longitudinal canals of the excretory 
system. 
Caryophyllaeus (kar*i-o-fi-le'us), . [NL. 
(Gmefin, 1790), < CaryopnyUus, q. v.] A genus 
of Cestoidea, or tapeworms, the species of which 
are endoparasitic in cyprinoid fishes, it repre- 
sents the simplest cestoid form, resembling a trematode 
in structure, having no trace of alimentary canal, but be- 
ing furnished with a single set of hermaphrodite repro- 
ductive organs and a water-vascular system ; the body is 
elongated, dilated, and lobate at one end, like a clove, 
whence the name. It is the typical genus of the family 
CaryophyllteifUe. C. mutabilis is found in the intestine 
of cyprinoid fishes. Originally Caryophyllus. 
caryophylleous (kar'i-o-fil'e-us), a. Same as 
caryophyllaceous. 
caryophyllin, caryophylline (kar'-i-o-fil'in), 
n. [< Caryophyllus + -in 2 , -ine 2 .] A crystal- 
line substance obtained from cloves by treat- 
ing them with alcohol. 
caryophylloid (kar'i-o-fil'oid), . [< Caryo- 
phyllus + -aid.] In lot., having the form of the 
Caryophyllus; clove-shaped. 
caryophyllous (kar"i-o-fil'us), a. Same as 
caryophyllaceous. 
Caryophyllus (kar'i-o-fil'us), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Kapv<tyv/./Mv, the clove-tree, lit. 'nut-leaf,' < 
Kdpvov, a nut, + tfiiMov = L. folium, a leaf. 
Hence ult., from the Gr. napv6(j>v).fan>, E. gilli- 
flower, q. v.] 1. Among early botanists, the 
name of two genera, one furnishing the clove 
of commerce, the other including the clove- 
pink, Dianthus, from the similarity of odors. 
It was retained by Limueus only for the former, 
and this is now referred to the genus Eugenia. 
2. In zool. : (a) Same as Caryophyllceus, of 
which it is the original form. (6) A genus 
of crinoids: synonymous with Eiigeniacrinus. 
Scheuchzer. Also Caryophyllites. Knorr. 
caryopsis (kar-i-op'sis), n. [NL. (>P. cari/opse), 
< Gr. Kdpvov, a nut, + tytf, appearance, < v'^t 
see : see optic."] In bot., a small, one-seeded, 
Caryophyllaceous Flower 
