case 
Case-smoothing machine, a machine for smoothing 
the cases or corners of books. Limp case, or flexible 
case, in iiooklii/i'lliig, a case stretched over paper doublets 
instead of boards. To work at case, in printing, to set 
type. 
case 2 (kas), v. : pret. and pp. cased, ppr. cuaimj, 
[< case 2 , ft.] I. trans. 1 . To cover or surround 
with a case ; surround with any material that 
incloses or protects ; incase. 
To be caned up and hung by on the wall. 
B. Jotisoii, Every Man out of his Humour, iii. 3. 
The jewel is cas'd up from all men's eyes. 
Middleton, Women Beware Women, i. 1. 
Specifically (a) In arch., to face or cover (the outside 
wall of a building) with material of a better quality than 
that of the wall itself. 
.The wall [of the Hatym] is built of solid stone, about 
five feet in height and four in thickness, caused all over 
with white marble. 
Burckhardt, in Burton's El-Medinah, p. 374. 
(6) In plastering, to plaster (as a house) with mortar on 
the outside, and strike a ruler laid on it while moist with 
the edge of a trowel, so as to mark it with lines resem- 
bling the joints of freestone, (c) In glass-making, to 
"plate' or cover (glass) with a layer of a different color, 
(d) In bookbinding, to cover with a case. See case%, n., 7. 
After stitching, books which are to be catted up with 
uncut edges have their face and tail cut square by means 
of a trimming-machine. Encyc. Brit., IV. 44. 
2. In printing, to put into the proper compart- 
ments of compositors' cases; lay: as, to case a 
font of type. 3f. To remove the case or skin 
of; uncase; skin. 
We'll make you some sport with the fox, ere we case him. 
Shak., All's Well, iii. 6. 
Cased glass, glass made in several layers, usually of dif- 
ferent colors, by cutting through which to different depths 
an effect like that of cameo is produced. The ancient 
Roman glass of this kind was cut by hand in the man- 
ner of gem-cutting. The process in use at the present 
day consists in covering the outside of a colorless glass 
ball with a thin case of colored glass, and fusing the 
two together, repeating the operation as often as desired ; 
the whole is then blown into the shape required before 
the cutting is done. Also called cameo-glass. Cased 
sash-frames, sash-frames which have their interior ver- 
tical sides hollow to admit the weights which balance the 
sashes, and at the same time conceal them. 
II. intrans. To cover one's self with some- 
thing that constitutes a casing. 
Case ye ; on with your visors. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., ii. 2. 
Casearia (kas-e-a'ri-a), n. [NL., named from 
J. Casearius, a Dutch botanist of the 17th cen- 
tury, and missionary to Cochin China.] The 
principal genus in the natural order Samyda- 
cece, including about 80 species of tropical trees 
or shrubs, chiefly American, of little value. The 
leaves and bark of some species have medicinal prop- 
erties, and the fruit of some is used in India to poison 
flsh. 
caseate ' (ka'se-at). v. i. ; pret. and pp. caseated, 
ppr. caseating. [< L. caseus, cheese, + -ate 2 .] 
In pathol., to undergo caseous degeneration; 
become like cheese. 
caseate 2 (ka'se-at), n. [< case(ic) + -ate 1 .] In 
chem., a salt resulting from the union of caseic 
acid with a base. 
caseation (ka-se-a'shon), n. [< caseate 1 (see 
-ation) ; = P. cassation = Sp. caseacion = Pg. 
caseacao = It. caseazione.] 1. The coagulation 
of milk. 2. In pathol., transformation into a 
dull cheese-like mass, as in pus, tubercle, etc. 
case-bay (kas'ba), n. In carp., the space be- 
tween a pair of girders in naked flooring. 
case-bearer (kas' bar "er), n. A case-bearing 
larva. 
Case-bearing (kas'bar"ing), a. In entom., pro- 
vided with a case or covering: applied to cer- 
tain larvee, both aquatic and terrestrial, that 
conceal themselves within a case which they 
form, and from which they protrude the ante- 
rior portion of the body when moving about. 
See cuts under Acrobasis and Coscinoptera. 
case-binding (kas 'bin "ding), n. A form of 
bookbinding in which the finished case (in- 
cluding the back) is made apart from the book. 
The case is made first, and the sewed book is afterward 
inserted in it. The term oats-binding in the United States 
is usually applied to cloth-bound books. 
case-bottle (kas'bot"!), n. A bottle, often 
square in form, made so as to fit into a case 
with others. 
Case-char (kas'char), n. A name of the com- 
mon char, Salmo salvelinus, or Salvelinus alpi- 
nus. 
case-divinityt (kas'di-vin"i-ti), n. Casuistry. 
. Fuller. 
case-ending (kas 'en "ding), . In gram., the 
letter or syllable added in inflected 'languages 
to the root or stem of a noun to indicate its case. 
See ease 1 , n., 6. 
casefled (ka'se-fid). p. a. [< L. caseus, cheese, 
"*" ~fy + -ed 2 .] Cheesy in consistence or ap- 
pearance. 
842 
case-harden (kas'har"dn), v. t. To harden the 
outer part or surface of, as anything made of 
iron, by converting the iron into steel. See 
case-hardening. 
case-hardened (kas'har"dnd), p. a. 1. Having 
the outside hardened, as iron tools, etc. 2. 
Figuratively, not sensitive ; having no sense of 
shame ; indifferent to reproof or dishonor. 
case-hardening (kas'hard"ning), n. In metal., 
a rapid process of cementation, in which the 
surface of wrought-iron is converted into steel 
by heating the article to be treated in an iron 
box, in contact with some animal matter, such 
as bone, parings of horses' hoofs, or leather. 
This is done in a smith's forge, or in any suit- 
able furnace. 
caseic (ka'se-ik), a. [< L. caseus, cheese, + 
-ic; = F. castique = Sp. caseico.] Of, pertain- 
ing to, or derived from cheese Caseic acid, an 
acid obtained from cheese. 
casein, caseine (ka'se-in), n. [< L. casern, 
cheese, + -in 2 , -ine%; = P. caseine = Sp. case- 
ina.] The chief nitrogenous ingredient of milk. 
It does not coagulate spontaneously, like fibrin, nor by 
heat, like albumen, but by the action of acids and of ren- 
net. Cheese made from skimmed milk and well pressed 
is nearly pure coagulated casein. It is closely allied to, 
if not identical with, legumin, which occurs in many vege- 
tables. Casein is one of the most important elements of 
animal nutrition as found in milk and leguminous plants. 
Its chemical constitution is not fully understood. It con- 
tains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, a little sulphur, and about 
15.5 per cent, of nitrogen. Also called caseum. Casein 
glue, a glue made by dissolving casein in a strong solution 
of borax, used as a substitute for ordinary glue by book- 
binders and joiners. 
case-knife (kas'nif), . 1. A knife carried in 
a case or sheath. 
The poet, being resolved to save his heroine's honour, 
has so ordered it that the king always acts with a great 
case-knife stuck in his girdle, which the lady snatches from 
him in the struggle, and so defends herself. 
Addison, Travels in Italy. 
2. An old name for a table-knife, still some- 
times used. 
caseling (kas'ling), n. [E. dial., < co*e 2 + -ling.] 
The skin of a beast that has died by accident 
or violence. [Prov. Eng.] 
Casella's anemometer. See anemometer. 
case-lock (kas'lok), n. A box-lock fastened to 
the face of a door by screws. 
case-maker (kas'ma"ker), n. In bookbinding, 
a maker of cases or covers for books. 
caseman (kas'man), n. ; pi. casemen (-men). [< 
case 2 + man.] One who works at case or sets 
type ; a compositor. [Bare.] 
casemate 1 Qcas'mat), n. [Formerly also casa- 
mate, casamat (after It.); = D. kazemat = G. 
easematte, kasematte, formerly casamat (after 
It.), = Dan. kasematte = Sw. kasematt = Buss. 
kazematu, < P. casemate, formerly also chasmate, 
= It. casamatta = Sp. Pg. casjmata (ML. casa- 
malta, for "casamatta), a casemate; of uncer- 
tain formation: explained as (1) orig. It., < It. 
(Sp. Pg.) casa (< L. casa), a house, a little 
house, + matta, fern, of matto, foolish, mad, 
weak, dial, also false, and dim, dark (as if 
'false,' 'dark,' or 'concealed chamber'?); or 
(2) orig. Sp., as if casa de "mata, for matanza, 
' a house of slaughter,' like the equiv. E. slaugh- 
ter-house, a casemate (see quotations from Flo- 
rio and Cotgrave), or the G. mord-keller ('mur- 
dering-cellar'), a casemate: casa, a house; de 
(< L. de), of; matanza, slaughter, < matar = Pg. 
matar, < L. mactare, slaughter: see mactation, 
mactator, matador.] 1. In fort. : (a) A vault of 
stone or brickwork, usually built in the thick- 
ness of the rampart of a fortress, and pierced 
in front with embrasures, through which artil- 
lery may be fired. 
Casamatta [It.], a kiude of fortification called in Eng- 
lish a Casamat or a slaughter house, and is a place built 
low under the wall or bulwarcke, not arriuing vnto the 
height of the ditch, seruing to skoure the ditch, annoying 
the enemie when he entreth into the ditch to skale the 
wall. Florio (1598). 
Chasmate [F.], a casemate in fortification : a murthering 
house placed in the ditch, to plague the assailants of a 
fortress. Cotyrave. 
Each bastion was honeycombed with casemates and sub- 
terranean storehouses. Motley, Dutch Republic, II. 151. 
(6) A shell-proof vault of stone or brick de- 
signed to protect troops, ammunition, etc. 
Take a garrison in of some two hundred, 
To beat those pioneers off, that carry a mine 
Would blow you up at last. Secure your casamates. 
B. Jonson, Staple of News, i. 1. 
(cf) An embrasure. 
Casemate [F.], a case-mate; a loop, or loop-hole in a 
fortified wall. Cotgrave. 
2. The armored bulkhead surrounding guns in 
iron-clad ships of war, and pierced with port- 
holes through which the guns are run out. 
cash 
Barrack casemate. See barrack. Defensible case- 
mate, a casemate having embrasures or loopholes. 
casemate 2 t, n. An erroneous form of case- 
ment, (c). 
casemate-carriage (kas'mat-kar"aj), n. A 
carriage used in mounting casemate-guns. 
casemated (kas'ma-ted), a. [< casemate 1 + 
-erf 2 .] Furnished with a casemate or case- 
mates. 
casemate-gun (kas 'mat-gun), . A gun so 
placed as to be fired through the embrasure of 
a casemate. 
casemate-truck (kas'mat-truk), n. A heavy 
low carriage mounted on three wheels, the for- 
ward wheel being pivoted to facilitate changes 
of direction : used for transporting cannon and 
ammunition within the galleries of permanent 
works. 
casement (kas'- or kaz'ment), n. [Short for 
incasement, < OF. cncassement, later assibilated 
enchassement (> E. enchasement, q. v.), lit. a set- 
ting in or incasing: see incase and -ment.] In 
arcit.: (a) A frame for glass, as forming a win- 
dow or part of a window, and made to open by 
swinging on hinges which are generally affixed 
to a vertical side of the opening into which it 
is fitted. 
I released 
The casement, and the light increased 
With freshness in the dawning east. 
Tennyson, The Two Voices. 
(6) A compartment between the mullions of 
a window, (cf) A deep hollow molding used 
chiefly in cornices, and similar to the scotia of 
classical or cavetto of Italian architecture. Ox- 
ford Glossary. Sometimes, erroneously, case- 
mate. 
casemented (kas'- or kaz'men-ted), a. [< 
casement + -e<? 2 .] Having casements. 
caseous (ka'se-us), a. [< L. caseus, cheese, + 
-ous ; = F. caneeux = Sp. Pg. caseoso = It. caci- 
oso.] Pertaining to cheese ; resembling or hav- 
ing the qualities of cheese. caseous degener- 
ation or transformation, in pathol., the transformation 
of a tissue into a dead, cheese-like mass, as in pus, tuber- 
cle, etc. 
case-paper (kas'pa"per), n. The outside quires 
of a ream. E. H. Knight. See casse-paper. 
caser (ka'ser), n. [< case?, v., + -er 1 .] One 
who cages. 
case-rack (kas'rak), . In printing, a square 
upright frame of wood with parallel cleats, 
made to hold type-cases which are not in use. 
Most composing-stands have the lower part 
fitted up as a case-rack. 
casern (ka-zern'), n. [= D. kazerne = G. kaserne 
= Dan. kaserne = Sw. kasern, < P. caserne, < Pg. 
caserna (= Sp. caserna = It. cascrma, > G. dial. 
kasarme, kasarm), orig. appar. a room for four 
(cf. E. quarters), < L. quaterna, fern, of quater- 
nus, pi. quaterni, four each, four together: see 
quaternary, quaternion, and cf. carillon, quire?.] 
A lodging for soldiers in garrison towns, usual- 
ly near the ramparts ; a barrack. 
case-shot (kas'shot), n. 1. A collection of 
small projectiles, such as musket-balls, grape- 
shot, etc., put in cases, to be discharged from 
cannon. Also called canister-shot. 
A continual storm, not of single bullets, but of chain- 
shot and case-shot. Camden. 
2. In a more modern sense, a shrapnel-shell, 
that is, a spherical iron case inclosing powder 
and a number of bullets and exploded by a fuse. 
Also called case. 
caseum (ka'se-um), n. [NL., < L. caseus, 
cheese.] Same as casein. 
caseweed (kas'wed), n. [Formerly also casse- 
weed; < case 2 (= cash 2 , a money-box, a purse) 
+ weed 1 .] A name of the shepherd's-purse, 
Capsella Bursa-pastoris. 
case-work (kas'werk), n. 1. In bookbinding : 
(a) The making of cases or covers in which 
sewed books are bound, (b) A book glued on 
the back and stuck into a cover prepared be- 
forehand to receive it. 2. In printing, type- 
settijig; composition. 
case-worm (kas'werm), n. Same as caddis- 
worm. 
cash 1 ! (kash), v. t. [Early mod. E. also cass 1 
(q. v.), < ME. cassen, < OP. casser, discharge, 
cashier, = Pg. cassar (obs.) = It. cassarc, an- 
nul, < L. cassare, bring to naught, destroy, an- 
nul, < cassus, empty, void. This is the same 
word as quash, annul (see quash?), but differ- 
ent from quash 1 , ult. < L. quassare, break : see 
quash 1 . Cashier 1 is also the same word, with 
G. suffix: see cashier 1 .] To discard; disband; 
cashier. 
