Cassiopeia 
among the stars.] 1 . A beautiful circumpolar 
constellation, supposed to represent the wife of 
Cepheus seated in a chair and holding up both 
arms. It contains 30 stars brighter than the sixth mag- 
nitude, and is always found opposite the Great Bear on the 
othersideof the pole-star. In this constellation appeared in 
1572 a temporary star brighter than Venus at its brightest. 
2. [NL.] In M(il., the typical genus of the fam- 
ily Caxsiopeii(I(C. C. borbonica of the Mediterranean is 
an example. C.J 'random inhabits the 1'lorida keys. Origi- 
nally Casslopea. Peran and Lesson, 1809. 
Cassiopeiidae (kas*i-o-pe'yi-de), P l - [N L -> 
< Cnxxiiijii'ln + -idto.] A f amily of rhizostomous 
discophorous hydrozoans, represented by the 
genus Cassiopeia. The species are attached in the 
adult state instead of free-swimming, being usually found 
upon coral mud. 
cassique, . See cacique. 
cassireepe, . See cassareep. 
Cassis (kas'is), n. [NL. (Klein, 1734 in echino- 
derms, and 1753 in mollusks), < L. cassis, hel- 
met.] A large genus of prosobranchiate gas- 
tropodous mollusks, known as helmet-shells, for- 
merly placed with the Succinidce or whelks, or 
with the Doliidfe, but now made the type of a 
family Cassididce. See cut under CassididaP. 
cassiterite (ka-sit'e-rit), n. [< L. cassiterum (< 
Gr. Kaaairepof, tin;"prob. of Phenician origin: 
of. Ar. gasdir, pewter, tin, Skt. kastira, tin) + 
-ife 2 ; = F. cassiteriae.'} Native tin dioxid, SnO 2 , 
a mineral crystallizing in tetragonal forms, usu- 
ally of a brown to black color, and having a 
splendent adamantine luster on the crystalline 
faces. Its specific gravity is very high, nearly equal to 
that of metallic iron ; it generally occurs in irregular 
masses and grains, disseminated in granite, gneiss, clay 
slate, mica slate, and porphyry ; also In reniform shapes 
with fibrous radiated structure (wood-tin), and in rolled 
pieces or grains, as sand, in which last condition it is known 
as stream-tin. It is the principal source of metallic tin, 
occurring in many localities, the most important of which 
are Cornwall In England, the Erzgebirge in Saxony and 
Bohemia, Finland, the island of Banca near Sumatra, and 
Queensland in Australia. It has recently been found in 
some quantity in Dakota. The supply at present is chiefly 
drawn from Australia. 
cassius (kash'ius), . [Named from its discov- 
erer, Andreas Cassius, a German chemist of the 
17th century.] A certain purple pigment. See 
purple. 
cassock (kas'ok), n. [< F. canaque, a cassock 
(> casaquin, a'small cassock, a corset, > Dan. 
kasseking, a jacket, jerkin), < It. camcca (= Sp. 
Pg. casaca), a great-coat, surtout, lit. a house 
(of. casaccia, a large, ugly old house), < casa, a 
house : see casa, casino, and cf. chasuble, from 
the same ult. source.] 1. Any loose robe or 
outer coat, but particularly a military one. 
The muster-file, rotten and sound, upon my life, amounts 
not to fifteen thousand poll ; half of the which dare not 
shake the snow from off their cassock*, lest they shake 
themselves to pieces. Shak. , All's Well, iv. 3. 
This small piece of service will bring him clean out of 
love with the soldier for ever. He will never come within 
the sign of it, the sight of a cassock, or a musket-rest again. 
B. Jonson, Every Man in his Humour, ii. 3. 
2. A long clerical coat, buttoned over the breast 
and reaching to the feet, and confined at the 
waist by a broad sash called a circline. in the 
Roman Catholic Church its color varies with the dignity 
of the wearer : priests wear black ; bishops, purple ; car- 
dinals, scarlet ; and popes, white. In the Anglican Church 
black is worn by all the three orders of the clergy, but 
bishops upon state occasions often wear purple. 
The custom was, both here and in the other northern 
parts of Christendom, for all clergymen, whether secular 
or of a religious order, to have the gown we now call a 
cassock, lined, like the garments of the laity, throughout 
with furs, in Latin, pelles : hence this vesture got its name, 
" pellicea " or pelisse. Rock, Church of our Fathers, ii. 20. 
cassocked (kas'okt), a. [< cassock + -erf 2 .] 
Clothed with a cassock. 
A cassocfc'd huntsman and a fiddling priest ! 
Cowper, Prog, of Err., 1. 111. 
cassolette (kas'o-let), n. [F., < Sp. cazoleta, 
pan of a musket-lock, a kind of perfume, lit. a 
little pan, dim. of cazo, a saucepan : see casse- 
role.'} 1 . A censer ; a vessel with a pierced cover 
for burning perfumes. 2. A vessel or box for 
holding perfumes and provided with a perfo- 
rated cover to permit the diffusion of them. 
cassonade (kas-o-nad'), . [< F. cassonade (> 
Pg. cassonada), Z OF. casson, mod. F. caisson = 
Pg. caixao, a large chest (cf. OSp. cazon, brown 
sugar, because the sugar is imported in large 
chests): see caisson and case 2 .] Raw sugar; 
sugar not refined. 
cassone (ka-so'ne), n. ; pi. cassoni (-ni). [It., 
aug. of cassa, a chest: see cassoon, caisson.] 
A great chest ; specifically, one of the Italian 
bridal chests or richly decorated coffers which 
were made in Italy in the middle ages and later 
to contain the more costly part of the bridal 
outfit. 
846 
The Cassoni, or large trousseau coffers, on which the 
most costly and elaborate decorations were often lavished. 
Encyc. Brit., XVI. 855. 
cassons (kas'onz), . Same as casings. 
cassoon (ka-son'j, n. [< It. cassone (= OF. 
casson, F. caisson (> E. caisson) = Pg. caixfio), 
a large chest, aug. of cassa, a chest : see case 2 , 
ca*7iC] A deep panel or coffer in a ceiling or 
soffit. 
cassoumba (ka-som'ba), n. [Native name.] 
A pigment made in Amboyna, Moluccas, from 
the burnt capsules of the plant Sterculia Ba- 
langlias. 
cassowary (kas'o-wa-ri), n.; pi. cassowaries 
(-riz). [= F. casoar== Sp. casoario, casobar, ca- 
suel = It. casuario = D. casuaar, kasuaris = G. 
Dan. Sw. kasuar (NL. casuarius), < Malay AY/.-SH- 
waris, the cassowary.] A large struthious bird 
Cassowary ( Casuarius galeatus). 
of the genus Casuarius, subfamily Casuariince, 
and family Casuariida;, inhabiting Australia and 
the Papuan islands. It resembles the ostrich, and is 
nearly as large, but has shorter and thicker legs in pro- 
portion, and three toes. It is characterized by a ratite 
sternum, plumage with large aftershafts, rudimentary 
wings represented externally by several spine-like pro- 
cesses, fleshy caruncles or lappets upon the throat, and a 
large casque or helmet upon the head. It runs with great 
rapidity, outstripping the swiftest horse. The cassowary 
leaves its few eggs to be hatched by the heat of the sun. 
cassumunar (kas-u-mu'nar), n. [E. Ind.] An 
aromatic root used as a tonic and stimulant, ob- 
tained from Zingiber Cassumunar. 
cast 1 (kast), v. ; pret. and pp. cast, ppr. casting. 
[< ME. casten, kestfn, < Icel. kasta = Sw. kasla 
= Dan. kaste, throw ; a purely Scand. word, 
not found in the other Teut. tongues, where 
the orig. word for ' throw' is warp with its cog- 
nates.] I. trans. 1. To throw, either literally 
or figuratively : as, to cast a stone at a bird ; to 
cast light on a subject; to cast a shadow; to 
cast a slur on one's reputation. 
Thei brought thre mantels furred with ermyn, and the 
cloth was scarlet, and the! caste hem vpon the two kynges. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 607. 
Uzziah prepared for them . . . slings to cast stones. 
2 Chron. xxvi. 14. 
Both the chariot and horse are cast into a dead sleep. 
Ps. Ixxvi. 6. 
Sir, I forgive you heartily, 
And all your wrong to me I cast behind me. 
Fletcher, Humorous Lieutenant, v. 3. 
I shall desire all indifferent eyes to judge whether these 
men do not endeavour to cast unjust envy upon me. 
Milton, On Def. of Humb. Remonst. 
Round his soul her net she strove to cast, 
Almost despite herself. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, III. 107. 
2. To throw with violence or force; fling; 
hurl : usually with some adjunct, such as away, 
down, into, off, out, etc. See phrases below. 
On the heighte of that Pynacle, the Jewes setten Seynt 
Jame, and casted him do-urn, to the Erthe, that first was 
Bisschopp of Jerusale. Mandeville, Travels, p. 87. 
Koting thereon the casting doume of the Forts on Tigris, 
and amongst them the Temple of Belus there erected. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 77. 
And the Lord turned a mighty strong west wind, which 
took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red Sea. 
Ex. x. 19. 
Specifically 3. To throw to the ground, as 
in wrestling; especially, to throw a horse or 
other animal to the ground, as in training, or 
for a surgical operation or slaughter. 
I made a shift to cast him. Shak., Macbeth, ii. 3. 
cast 
Eying him, 
As eyes the butcher the mat panting ox 
That feels his fate is come, nor struggles more. 
Browning, Ring and Book, II. 26. 
4f. To decide or bring in a verdict against, as in 
a lawsuit ; condemn as guilty ; hence, to defeat. 
If the whole power of my estate can cast him, 
He never shall obtain me. 
Middleton (and others), The Widow, ii. 1. 
The Commons by far the greater number cant him ; the 
Lords, after they had been satisfied in a full discourse by 
the Kings Solicitor, and the opinions of many Judges de- 
livered in their House, agreed likewise to the Sentence of 
Treason. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ii. 
Were the case referred to any competent judge, they 
would inevitably be cast. Decay of Christian Piety. 
His father left him fourscore pounds a year ; but he has 
cast and been caxt so often, that he is not now worth 
thirty. Addison, Sir Roger at the Assizes. 
5f. To disband or break up (a regiment or com- 
pany) ; hence, to dismiss ; reject ; cashier ; dis- 
card. 
When a company is cast, yet the captain still retains the 
title of captain. Chapman, All Fools, v. 1. 
The state . . . 
Cannot with safety cast him. Shak., Othello, i. 1. 
His regiment is cast, that is most certain, 
And his command in the castle given away. 
Fletcher, Double Marriage, i. 1. 
6. To shed or throw off; part with ; lose: as, 
trees cast their fruit ; a serpent casts his skin ; 
"to cast the rags of sin," Dryden; "casted 
slough," Shak., Hen. V., iv. 1. 
He cast al his colour and bi-com pale, and eft red as rose 
in a litel while. William of Palerne (E. E. T. S.), 1. 881. 
Your colt's tooth is not cast yet. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., i. 3. 
You likewise will do well, 
Ladies, in entering here, to cast and fling 
The tricks which make us toys of men. 
Tennyson, Princess, ii. 
7f. To throw out or up; eject; vomit. 
We all were sea-swallow'd, though some cast again. 
Shak., Tempest, ii. 1. 
His filth within being cast, he would appear 
A pond as deep as hell. Shak., M. for M., iii. 1. 
8. To form by throwing up earth ; raise. 
Thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee. 
Luke xix. 43. 
The blind mole casts 
Copp'd hills toward heaven. Shak., Pericles, 1. 1. 
9f. To emit or give out. 
This casts a sulphureous smell. Woodward. 
10. To bestow; confer (upon) or transfer (to). 
The government I cast upon my brother. 
Shak., Tempest, i. 2. 
11. To turn; direct: as, to cast a look or 
glance of the eye. 
She kneel'd, and, saint-like, 
Cant her fair eyes to heaven, and pray'd devoutly. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., iv. 1. 
In casting his eyes about, the commodore beheld that 
the shore abounded with oysters. 
Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 123. 
12f. Reflexive : To think or propose to (one's 
self) ; intend. 
And cast him to lyue 
In ydelnesse and in ese and by others trauayle. 
Piers Plowman (C), x. 151. 
Who that cast hym thys reule for to kepe, 
Mot conforme hym like in euery thyng, 
Where he shall byde, vnto the felyshype. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 26. 
13+. To consider; think out; hence, to plan; 
contrive; arrange. 
He that casteth all doubts, shal neuer be resolued in 
any thing. Lyly, Euphues and his England, p. 354. 
Cast it also that you may have rooms both for summer 
and winter. Bacon, Building. 
I'll do't with ease, I have cast it all. 
B. Jonson, Volpone, iv. 1. 
The plot was cast by me, to make thee jealous. 
Fletcher, Spanish Curate, v. 2. 
I serv'd you faithfully, 
And cast your plots but to preserve your credit. 
Fletcher and Shirley, Night- Walker, v. 2. 
The cloister . . . would have been proper for an orange- 
house ; and had, I doubt not, been cast for that purpose. 
Sir W. Temple. 
I shall cant what I have to say under two principal heads. 
Addison, Charge to the Jury. 
14. Theat. : (a) To distribute or allot the parts 
among the actors : said of a play : as, to " cast 
the 'Merchant of Venice,'" Addison. 
I should have thought, now, that it [the piece] might 
have been cast (as the actors call it) better at Drury-lane. 
Sheridan, The Critic, i. 1. 
(6) To assign a certain part or r61e to : as, to 
cast an actress for the part of Portia. 15. To 
find or ascertain by computation; compute; 
reckon ; calculate : as, to cast accounts ; to cast 
a nativity. 
She cast my destiny, 
I being but a child. JB. Jonson, Poetaster, iii. 1. 
