castellate 
castellate (kas'te-lat), H. [< Ml,. ,-<ixirii<itn,n. 
the precinct of a castle, < L. cash-Hum, a castle.] 
A lordship or castellany. 
Here we entered into the province of Candia, and the 
caittcllittf of Kenurio. 
Poeoda, Inscription of the East, II. 249. 
castellated (kas'te-la-ted), a. [< ML. r<ist<-l- 
/iitHx, pp. of i-ii.tli-lliiri; furnish with turrets or 
battlements, fortify, < L. easMluin, a castle: 
see casllt'.] 1. Furnished with turrets mid bat- 
tlements, like a castle ; built in the style of a 
castle: as, a oattellatea mansion. 
The room lay in a high turret of the auMlatnl abbey. 
/'..., Tales, I. 461. 
2. Inclosed in a building, as a fountain or cis- 
tern. Joltnxttn. 
castellation (kas-te-la'shon), ii. [< ML. cas- 
ti-llalio(H-\ < i-ii.ilfllin-i : see castellated.'] 1. 
The state of being castellated. 2. The act of 
fortifying a house and rendering it a castle, or 
of giving it the appearance of a castle by pro- 
vidiiii; it with battlements, etr. 
castellet (kas'te-let), H. l< ME. castelet, < OF. 
castclct, F. rlidtiift = Pr. eanti-lct = Sp. riixtil- 
I: /'. = ]'; ruxtfllrjo, castellete = It. custelletto, < 
NIL. rustfllftum, like i-iixlrlluliiin. ilim. of L. <v/.v- 
telluin, a castle: see casllt' and -</.] A small 
castle ; a peel-tower or other fortified residence 
too small to rank as a castle. Also written cax- 
tlet. [Kare.] 
castelryt, . See e*//w/. 
castent. Obsolete past participle of cast 1 . 
Cliinii-<-r. 
caster (kas't6r), n. [< ME. eustere; < casft, v., 
+ -cr 1 .] 1. One who casts, (a) One who throws 
dice ; a gambler. 
The jovial cantfr'tt set, and seven's the nick, 
Or done ! a thousand on the coming trick. 
Byron, Eng. Bards and Scotch Reviewers. 
(Ii) One who computes; a calculator; especially, a calcu- 
lator of nativities. 
In Hcnesse of a deuynour and of a fals castere he eymeth 
that he knowith not. Wydif, Prov. xxlii. 7 (Oxf.). 
(c) One who assigns the parts of a play to the actors. (<i> 
One who makes castings; a founder. 
2. A vessel used to contain things in a powder- 
ed, liquid, or vaporous form, and to cast them 
out when needed; specifically, a bottle, vial, 
cruet, or other small vessel used to contain con- 
diments for the table ; also, a stand containing 
a set of such vessels. See casting-bottle, pepper- 
caster, etc. 
Thurilndus, a caatere of cense. 
A. S. od Old Eng. Vocab. (2d ed. Wright), 
[col. 616, 1. 21. 
3. A small wheel on a swivel, attached to the 
leg of a piece of furniture, in order to facilitate 
moving about without lifting. 
In this sense also improperly 
spelled castor. 4f. A cloak. 
Dekker. 5. A horse sold out of 
a regiment as useless. [Anglo- 
Ind.] 
-caster. A suffix in place-names, 
appearing in several other 
forms, as -cester, -Chester. See 
Chester. 
Table-leg Caster, Caster-Wheel (kas'ter-hwel), H. 
reUe nE r i V" t ' fric " on ^ wnee l which turns about an 
axis held in a stock, which itself 
turns on a pivot or vertical spindle placed at a 
considerable distance in front of the bearing- 
point of the face of the wheel : a construction 
which enables the wheel to swerve readily to 
either side of the line of draft. It is a very com- 
mon attachment to agricultural implements, as 
plows, harvesters, etc. 
castetet, A Middle English form of chastity. 
cast-gate (kast'gat), . In founding, the chan- 
nel through which the metal is poured into a 
mold. 
castice (kas'tis), . [= F. castice = Sp. castizo, 
< Pg. castico, prop, an adj., castico, fern, castica, 
of good birth, < casta, race, family: see coste^.] 
A person of Portuguese parentage born and 
living in the East Indies. Compare Creole. 
Also spelled castees. 
castificationt (kas'ti-fi-ka'shon), n. [< LL. as 
if *ca.-<tijirii<io(n-), < castificare, pp. castificatus, 
purify, < L. castus, pure, chaste, 4- -ficare, < fa- 
cere, make.] The process of making chaste; 
purification in a moral sense; chastity; purity. 
Let no impure spirit defile the virgin purities and "cos- 
tiiiriitinn* of the soul," as St. Peter's phrase is. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 708. 
castigate (kas'ti-gat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. cas- 
tigated, ppr. castigating. [< L. castigatus, pp. 
of castigare, purify, correct, chastise, < castns, 
pure (> E. chaste), + agere, do, make; cf . pur- 
849 
qare (> E. purge), < purus, pure, + /it/err. Older 
E. forms from cimtiqare are chasten and rlm.-.- 
tine,<i.\.] 1. To chastise; punish by stripes; 
correct or punish, in general. 
If Hum didst put this sour-cold Imliit on 
To ca*tii/atr tiiy pride, 't wen- well. 
Xl,,ik., T. of A., Iv. 3. 
2. To subject to a severe and critical scrutiny ; 
criticize for the purpose of correcting; emend: 
as, to castigate the text of an author. 
He luul adjusted and cufti'int'-'l tin- then Latin Vulgate. 
/;. ;,r/.;/, U-tters, p. 237. 
A auliffatrd copy of it [a work of Cerv.'intesl was printed 
liy Arrieta. Tidcnar, Spall. Lit., II. 122. 
castigation (kas-ti-ga'shou), H. [< rastigati- : 
see -ation.] The act of castigating, (a) Punish- 
ment )>y whipping ; correction; chastisement; diwijillm 
Violent events do not always argue the anger of God ; 
even death itself is, to tils servants, a fatherly <-<t*ti<t<iti"n. 
Up. Hall, The Seduced Prophet. 
The keenest eiixti : /iiti<ni of her slanderers. // < Ing. 
(b) Critical scrutiny and emendation ; correction of tex- 
tual errors. 
castigator (kas'ti-ga-tor), . [= Pr. castigador 
= Sp. Pg. castiyartor, < L. castiijator, < nixtigurr : 
see castigate.] One who castigates or corrects. 
castigatory (kas'ti-ga-to-ri), a. and . [< L. 
i'n.ttiyatiirin.1, < caxtiyator, a corrector: see cas- 
tigntor.'] I. (i. Serving to castigate; tending 
to correction ; corrective; punitive. 
Penalties . . . either probatory, castigatory, or exem- 
plary. Abp. Brainhall, Against Hobbes. 
II. . ; pi. castigatoriea(-riz). Something that 
serves to castigate ; specifically, au apparatus 
formerly used in punishing scolds. Also called 
ilu/'king-stool and trebucket. 
Castile soap. See soap. 
Castilian (kas-til'iau), a. and H. [= F. Castil- 
lan = Pg. Castelhano, < Sp. Castellano, < Castillo, 
Castile ; so called from the numerous forts (can- 
tillos: see castle) erected on the frontiers.] I. 
a. Pertaining to Castile (formerly written Can- 
tille), a former kingdom in the central part of 
Spain, now divided into the provinces of Old 
and New Castile Castllian furnace. See furnace. 
II. . An inhabitant or a native of Castile. 
Castilleia (kas-ti-le'ya), . [NL., < Castillejo, 
a Spanish botanist.] A large genus of herba- 
ceous plants, natural order Scrophulariacece, 
mostly perennials, natives of North America 
and Asia. There are about 25 species in the United .States. 
Their yellow purple, or scarlet flowers are In terminal 
spikes, with large colored bracts often more showy than 
the flowers. C. coccinea, the common species of the At- 
lantic States, is popularly known as painted-cup. 
Castilloa (kas-ti-16'a), n. [NL., < Sp. Castillti, 
Castile: see Castilian.] A genus of plants, of 
one or two arboreous species, natives of tropi- 
cal America, of the natural order Urticacew, and 
allied to the breadfruit, c. elaetica is valuable as 
Flowering Branch of Castilloa tlastica. 
the source of the india-rubber of Central America. The 
milky juice of the tree is obtained by incisions In the bark, 
and is coagulated by the addition of alum or of a decoc- 
tion of the moon-plant, Calonycti&n trpeciosum. A large 
tree is said to yield eight gallons of milk when first cut, 
each gallon making about two pounds of rubber. 
casting (kas'tiug), n. [ME. casting; verbal n. 
of cast 1 , v. ] 1 . The act or process of founding. 
It is no coining, sir, 
It is but casting. B. Jonson, Alchemist, iii. 2. 
2. In the fine arts, the process of taking casts 
or impressions of statues, medals, etc., in clay, 
Sitch, plaster, or fused metal. 3. That which 
as been cast, or formed by running melted 
metal into a mold of any desired form. When 
used without qualification, the word usually de- 
notes a casting of iron. 4. Anything appear- 
ing as if cast in a mold; specifically, a string- 
shaped mass of earth voided by an earthworm ; 
a worm-cast. 
I resolved ... to weigh all the castings thrown up 
within a given time in a measured space, instead of ascer- 
taining the rate at which objects left on the surface were 
buried by worms. Darwin, The Earth-worm. 
casting-weight 
5f. Vomiting; vomit. 
The hound turuydc agen to his castyng. 
i, 2 Pet. ii. 22. 
6. Same as east 1 , 18. 7f. A purge consisting 
of pellets of hemp, cotton, feathers, or the like, 
given to hawks. 
liic. We have lieen used too long like hawks already. 
Ubaltl. We are not o hind in out Me:,h now tn ne< <( ,.-t 
n'L Haxxill'f'-r, 'Till; Picture, V. 1. 
8f. Contrivance; distribution; arrangement. 
Distriimtio is that imcful rttxtiivf of all rooms for office, 
entertainment, or pleasure n'nitmi, Klem. of Architecture. 
9. In sail-making, the calculated dimensions 
and shape of each cloth in a sail. lOf. Luck, 
as in dealing cards. 
Tai. I'd beastly ctixtinji, Jack. 
Jack, o, abominable, sir! you had the scurviest hand. 
M,'l, //,!,:, Your Five CallantH, Iv. i 
Chilled casting, a metal casting the surface of which 
has been hardened cither liy casting in an iron mold or by 
exposure while red-hot to sudden cooling by air or water, 
"i by contact with any good conductor which is at a com- 
paratively low temperature. The effect is to give asurface 
of extreme hardness. Such castings are used for a multi- 
tude of purposes, as for rolls, anvils, plowshares, mold- 
hoards, stamps, etc., wherever iniieh attrition is to be 
sustained. Cliche 1 casting. Sec. ,/'. Compression 
casting, a method of casting in molds of potters' clay, 
with sufficient pressure to force the metal into the most 
delicate tracery left by the pattern. It is used in casting 
stamps, letters and num)>ers for houses, house-builders' 
hardware, etc. Dry casting, a method of casting in 
which the molds are made of sand and afterward dried. 
casting-bottlet (kas'ting-bot'l), . A small 
vial for holding or for sprinkling perfumes ; a 
caster. Also called casting-glass. 
Enter Secco with a cartinn-bottlc, sprinkling his hat and 
face, and a little looking-glass at his girdle, setting his 
countenance. Ford, Fancies, I. 2. 
Hast thou no perfumes and sweet bags, or any handsome 
casting bottles of the newest mode? 
Kcott, Kenilworth, II. . 
casting-box (kas'ting-boks), . 1. Infuitndiny, 
a flask which holds the mold. 2f. Probably, 
a small box used like a casting-bottle. 
They have a chain, 
My rings, my castinft-ltox of gold, my purse too. 
Fletcher and Shirley, Night- Walker, 111. 5. 
casting-glasst (kas'ting-glas), n. Same as 
casting-bottle. 
His civet and his caxting-glass 
Have helpt him to a place amongst the rest. 
B. Jonwn, Every Man out of his Humour, Iv. 4. 
casting-ladle (kas 'ting- la 'dl), n. An iron 
ladle with handles, used to pour molten metal 
into a mold, 
casting-net (kas' ting-net), . A net which 
is cast and immediately drawn, in distinction 
from one which is set. 
We Govern this War as an unskilful Man does a Cast- 
ing-Net. Selden, Table-Talk, p. 11. 
casting-pit (k&s'ting-pit), n. The space in a 
foundry in which the molds are placed and the 
castings made. 
In the centre of the [Bessemer] casting-pit is fixed a 
hydraulic crane. . . . The crane, after the ladle has re- 
ceived the charge of molten steel from the converter, is 
rotated in a horizontal plane over the tops of the moulds 
around the periphery of the pit, and the taphole of the 
ladle is thus brought successively over the centre of each 
mould, into which the metal from the ladle is tapped. 
IT. //. Greenwood, Iron and Steel, p. 409. 
casting-pot (kas'ting-pot), n. A pot or cruci- 
ble of plumbago, fire-clay, or other material, 
in which metals or other fusible substances are 
melted. 
casting-press (kas' ting -pres), n. A press in 
which metal is cast under pressure. 
casting-slab (kas 'ting-slab), n. In glass- 
manuf., the slab or plate of a casting-table. 
casting-table (kas 'ting -ta'bl), n. In glass- 
manuf., a table on which molten glass is poured 
in making plate-glass, Its top is a large polished 
plate of metal, commonly iron, having metal flanges of the 
same depth as the thickness of the glass, to keep the glass 
from running off at the sides. A massive copi>er cylin- 
der extends entirely across the table, resting on the side 
flanges, and this, being set in motion, spreads the glass out 
into a sheet of uniform breadth and thickness. 
casting-vote (kas'ting-vof), . The vote of 
a presiding officer in an assembly or council, 
thrown to decide a question when the votes cast 
by the members are equally divided. If the pre- 
siding officer is a member of the body, he may give the cast- 
ing-vote, although he has, by already voting as a mem- 
ber, created the tie or equal division. [Commonly written 
as two words. ] 
In the time of Hastings the Governor had only one vote 
in council, and, in case of au equal division, a casting vote. 
Macaulay, Warren Hastings. 
casting-weight (kas'ting-wat), . A weight 
that turns the scale of a balance, or makes one 
side preponderate. 
