cathetal 
cathetal(kath'e-tal), a. [< i-ii/lii lux + -<i/.] Re- 
lating to a cathetus. 
catheter (kath'e-ter), n. [= F. cathi'tir = Sp. 
<-iili'tt;r = Pg. cuthetcr = It. i-nMwe = D. G. 
Dun. kathcter = S\v. kateter, < LL. culhi'trr, < 
Or. KaOcT>/p, a catheter, a plug, < nMerof, let 
down, perpendicular, < knilin-m, send down, let 
down, thrust in, < HUTU, down, + iivai, send, 
eaus. of if mi = L. (Vr, go: see //.] In xiir;/. : 
(n) A tubular instrument introduced through 
the urethra into the bladder, to draw off the 
urine when its discharge is arrested by disease 
or accident. (6) A tube for introduction into 
other canals: as, a Eustachian catheter Cath- 
eter-gage, ii platr having aradmiti'd perforations form- 
ing measures uf tin: ilijiim (ITS of catheters. 
catheterism (kath'e-ter-izm), . [= F. ctitln'- 
ti'rixiin: = Sp. fitli-ti-ri.iHii> = Pg. eathctcrimiin. < 
IjL. <-it tin /iris/nits, < Qr. nat/trr/pta/tof, a putting 
in of the catheter, < ntiHnf/i>, catheter.] The 
operation of using a catheter; catheterizatiou. 
catheterization (kath'e-ter-i-za'shon), n. [< 
citthi'tcri-r + -ft/ion.] The passing of a catheter 
through or into a canal or cavity. 
catheterize (kath'e-ter-iz), r. I. ; pret. and pp. 
rii/lit'tt riri'il, ]>pr. cntlieti'ri~iii;/. [== F. catliite- 
riscr = Sp. <-<it<-tcri;<ir, < (ir. " Kabe~iipi&iv (im- 
Ilio(l in KadeTt/pta/i6f, catheterism) : see catheter 
HI nl -i:e.} To operate on with a catheter. 
catheti, . Plural of 
eathetitx. 
cathetometer (kath- 
e-tom'e-ter), n. [< 
Gr. /idflfrof, perpen- 
dicular, a perpen- 
dicular line, + fte- 
rpov, a measure.] 
An instrument for 
measuring small 
differences of level 
between two near 
points, as, for ex- 
ample, the distance 
between the levels 
of the mercury in 
the cistern and in 
the tube of a barom- 
eter. It consists essen- 
tially of a vertical gradti- 
ated rod carefully leveled, 
ni)on which slides a hor- 
izontal telescope. With 
the telescope the obser- 
ver sights in succession 
the two objects under ex 
animation, and the dis- 
tance on the 
graduated rod 
traversed by 
the telescope 
isthe measure 
of the differ- 
ence of height 
between the 
two Objects. Cathetometer. 
As construct- 
ed for the physicist, with numerous arrangements to in- 
sure accuracy, the cathetometer is an instrument of a high 
degree of accuracy. 
cathetus (kath'e-tus), n. ; pi. catheti (-ti). [L., < 
Gr. /aKferof, perpendicular, a perpendicular line : 
see catheter.] If. In geom., a line falling per- 
pendicularly on another line or a surface, as 
the two sides of a right-angled triangle. 2. 
In arch. : (a) A perpendicular line supposed to 
pass through the middle of a cylindrical body. 
(6) The axis or middle line of the Ionic volute, 
cathisin (kath'izm), n. Same as cathisma, 
cathisma (ka-thiz'mii), .; pi. cathismata (-ma- 
ta). [< Gr. Katiirjjia" a portion of the psalter 
(see det'.), a seat, the seat, < naBi&iv, sit down, 
< KOTO, down, + ifetv, sit, akin to e^eaSai = L. 
sedcre = E. sit: see sit.} In the Gr. Ch.: (a) 
A portion of the psalter, containing from three 
to eleven (usually about eight) psalms. The H9th 
psalm constitutes a single cathisma. There are altogether 
twenty cathismata, and each is subdivided into three sta- 
seis. See stasis and psalter, (ft) A troparion or short 
hymn used as a response at certain points in 
the offices. 
The Greeks rarely sit in church: the cathi*ttnata are 
therefore pauses for rest; and are longer than the usual 
troparia. J. if. Nealf, Eastern Church, i. 844. 
cathodal (kath'o-dal), a. [< Gr. /cdflooof, a 
going down (see cathode), + -?.] 1. In hot., 
lower ; on the side furthest from the summit. 
[Rare.] 2. [< cathode + -al.~\ Pertaining to 
the cathode. 
Also spelled kathotlul. 
cathode (kath'od), . [< Gr. miflodoc, a going 
down, a way down. < nar&, down, + Mof, way.] 
The negative pole of an electric current : op- 
S63 
posed to aiii-trctrndr or nnmlr. Also spelled 
kathode. Also called oatelettrode. 
cathodic (ku-thod'ik), ii. [< Gr. wiftMof, a K"ititf 
down (sec cathoili-), + -/c.J Proceeding down- 
ward : applied to the efferent course of action 
of the nervous influence, (i. N. Hall. Also 
spelled l:tilliinlii: [Rare.] 
cat-hole (kat'hol), . Naut., one of two small 
holes astern above the gun-room ports, for the 
passage of a hawser or cable in heaving astern. 
catholic (kath'o-lik), n. and w. [Not found in 
MK. or earlier (in AS. the ML. catholirus is 
translated aeledfful or yeltiifllc, i. e., believing, 
faithful, orthodox); = D. euthnlijk, ktitlmlij/.; 
katliolifk. katliolixch = (.'<. kutltiilixcii, adj., Icatko- 
lik, n., =Dan. katholxk, knihuli/:, = S\v. knlnl.il:, 
katolik, = F. eatliolii/ne = Pr. catolic = Sp. 
I'uliilii-it = Pg. catholiro = It. cattalico (= Huss. 
katolikii, n., katolicliexkit, adj., = Turk, qatulik. 
n.), < L. catholieus, universal, general (neut. 
pi. catholica, all things together, the universe), 
in LL. and ML. esp. eccles., general, common, 
that is, as applied to the church (catholic/: - 
clesia) or to the faith (catholica fides), orthodox 
(in ML. commonly used synonymously with 
/ 'lirix/iintiiii, Christian); < Gr. KoftoAunSf, general, 
universal (// Katto'/M>i CKn'/iiaia, the universal 
church), (. Kati6'/ov, adv., on the whole, in gen- 
eral, also as if adj., general, universal, prop, 
two words, naif o/ov: naff for MIT', for KOTO, ac- 
cording to ; ii/Uw, gen. of 6/lof, whole, = L. xal-iil- 
iifi, > E. solid: see cata-, Jioln-, and solid.] I. a. 
1. Universal; embracing all ; wide-extending. 
If you, my son, should now prevaricate, 
And to your own particular lusts employ 
80 great and catholic a bliss, be sure 
A curse will follow. /;. J&nwm, Alchemist, ii. 1. 
Matter, moved either uncertainly, or according to some 
catholic laws. Hay, Works of Creation, i. 
His library of English history, and of all history, was al- 
ways rich, select, and catholic. R. Choate, Addresses, p. 303. 
2. Not narrow-minded, partial, or bigoted; free 
from prejudice ; liberal ; possessing a mind 
that appreciates all truth, or a spirit that ap- 
preciates all that is good. 
With these exceptions I can read almost anything. I 
bless my stars for a taste so catholic, so unexclndlng. 
Lamb, Books and Reading. 
There were few departments into which the catholic and 
humane principles ot Stoicism were not in some degree 
carried. Lecky, Europ. Morals, I. 315. 
3. In theol.: (a) Originally, intended for all 
parts of the inhabited world; not confined to 
one nation, like the Jewish religion, but fitted 
to include members of all human races : applied 
to the Christian religion and church. 
Catholic in Greek signifies universal : and the Christian 
Church was so call'd, as consisting of all Nations to whom 
the Gospel was to be preach't, in contradistinction to the 
Jewish Church, which consisted for the most part of Jews 
only. Milton, True Religion. 
(ft) ^cap.'] Constituting, conforming to, or in 
harmony with the visible church, which ex- 
tended throughout the whole Roman empire 
and adjacent countries, possessed a common 
organization and a system of intercommunion, 
and regulated disputed questions by ecumeni- 
cal councils, as distinguished from local sects, 
whether heretical or simply schismatic, but es- 
pecially from those which did not accept the 
decrees of ecumenical councils : as, the Catholic 
Church ; the Catholic faith. In this sense it is regu- 
larly applied to the ancient historical church, its faith anil 
organization down to the time of the great schism between 
the sees of Rome and Constantinople : as, a Catholic bish- 
op or synod, as distinguished from a Nestorian or Jaco- 
bite prelate or council. 
The importunity of heretics made them [the Church of 
Christ] add another name to this [Christian], viz., that of 
catholic ; which was, as it were, their surname or charac- 
teristic, to distinguish them from all sects, who, though 
they had party names, yet sometimes sheltered them- 
selves under the common name of Christians. 
Bingham, Antiq., I. i. 7. 
The test of Catholic doctrine, the maintenance of which 
distinguishes the Catholic Church in any place from he- 
retical or schismatlcal communions, has been described as 
that which has been taught always, everywhere, by all. 
Blunt, Theol. Diet. (Episcopal). 
(c) [ca/>.] Historically derived from the ancient 
undivided church before the great schism, and 
acknowledging the decrees of its councils as 
recognized by the Greek or Eastern Church. 
The official title of that church is. The Holy Orthodox 
Catholic Apostolic Oriental Church (q avi'a bpdoSof o? jtai>o- 
Xiicij alroOToAiKi) aparoAiKi) KKAT)<na). (a) fcflp.] Claim- 
ing unbroken descent (through the apostolic 
succession) from and conformity to the order 
and doctrine of the ancient undivided church, 
and acknowledging the decrees of its councils 
as received by both the Greek and the Latin 
Church. In this sense the word Catholic is 
applied by Anglican writers to their own com- 
catholicity 
minium, (c) [c;>.] Claiming to possess exclu- 
sively the notes or characteristic's of the one, 
only, true, and universal church unity, visi- 
bility, indefectibility, succession, universality, 
and sanctity: used 'in this sense, with these 
qualifications, only by the Church of Rome, as 
applicable only to itself and its adherents, and 
to their faith and organization ; often qualified, 
especially by those not acknowledging these 
claims, by prefixing the word Hnninn. (/) More 
specifically, an epithet distinguishing the faith 
of the universal Christian church from those 
opinions which are peculiar to special sects. (</) 
A designation of certain of the epistles in the 
New Testament which are addressed to believ- 
ers generally and not to a particular church. 
The catholic epistles are James, Peter I. mid 
II., John L, and Jude. John II. and III. are 
also usually included. (//) Belonging as prop- 
erty to the church at large, as distinguished 
from a parish or a monastic order: in ancient 
ecclesiastical literature used to designate cer- 
tain church buildings, as a bishop's church in 
contrast with a parish church, or a parish 
church which was open to all in distinction 
from monastic churches. Catholic apoatolate. 
See afuatiiliite. Catholic Apostolic Church. See Ir- 
riii'iitf. Catholic creditor, in .sorfu tun; . creditor 
whose debt is secim-il "\ cr sr \vral Mihjn -1- nr '.\,T ull tin- 
subject* belonging to his debtor.- Catholic Majesty, 
title or style assumed by the kings and queens of Spam. 
It was conferred by the IK>|IC as a recognition of devotion 
to the Roman Catholic religion, and was first given to the 
Astnrian prince Alfonso I., atwut the middle of the eighth 
century. 
II. n. 1. [c/>.] A member of the universal 
Christian church. 2. [cap.} A member of the 
Roman Catholic Church. 3. Same as catholi- 
cos. 
The orthodox monarchs of Georgia anil Abkhasia each 
supported hU own Catholic. 
J. X. Nealf, Eastern Church, i. . 
Catholic Emancipation Act, an English statute of 1829 
(10 tieo. IV., c. 7), repealing former laws which imposed dis- 
abilities upon Roman Catholics, and allowing them (except 
priests) to sit in Parliament, and to hold civil and military 
offices with certain exceptions. The measure was urged 
with special reference to the Roman Catholics of Ireland. 
Old Catholics, (a) The name used by a small body of 
believers in Jansenism in Holland, with an archicpiscopal 
see in Utrecht. They have continued since 1723 to recog- 
nize the authority of the pope by sending him notice of 
each new election of a bishop, which he always disregards. 
(6) A reform party in the Roman Catholic Church, founded 
after the proclamation of, and in opposition to, the dogma 
of papal infallibility proclaimed by the Vatican Council in 
1870. A schism with the Roman Catholic Church was not 
intended, but it resulted ; the leaders were excommuni- 
cated and new congregations formed. No bishop having 
joined the movement, the ordination of a bishop was ob- 
tained from the Old Catholic bishop of Dvventer in Hol- 
land. Old Catholics have departed In few respects from 
their former ecclesiastical customs as Roman Catholics. 
Auricular confession and fasting are, however, voluntary 
with them, and priests are allowed to marry. Mass is \>< i 
mitted to be said in the vernacular. They are found chiefly 
in Germany and in Switzerland, where they call themselves 
Christian Catholics. 'Roman Catholic Relief Acts, a 
series of English statutes removing the political disabili- 
ties of Roman Catholics : as, 1828 (10 Geo. IV., c. 7), per- 
mitting them to sit in Parliament and to hold offices, with 
certain exceptions ; 1833 (3 and 4 Wm. IV., c. 102), enabling 
their clergymen to celebrate marriages between Protes- 
tants, etc., extended to Scotland in 18S4 (4 and 5 Wrn. IV., 
c. 28); 1843 (6 and 7 Viet., c. 28), abolishing a certain oath 
as a qualification for Irish voters; 1844 (7 and 8 Viet., 
c. 102) and 1846 (9 and 10 Viet., c. 58), repealing statutes 
against them ; 187 (30 and 31 Viet., c. 82), abolishing the 
declaration against transubstantiation, etc*., and (id., c. 75) 
making all subjects eligible to the office of lord chancellor 
of Ireland. The tenu also includes the Promissory Oaths 
Act, 1868 (which see, under oath). 
catholicalt (ka-thol'i-kal), a. [< catholic + -/.] 
Catholic. 
The Potent Kyng of kyngis all 
Preserue all Prencis Catholicall. 
Lawler, Dewtie of Kyngis (E. E. T. S.), 1. 540. 
catholicate (ka-thol'i-kat), n. [< ML. catholi- 
catus, < catholieus, the prelate so called: see 
catholicos and -fe;S.] The region under the 
jurisdiction of a catholicos: as, the catholicatc 
of Ethiopia. 
It is certain that, in the vast Cathoticate of Chaldwa, 
monarchs were sometimes invested with the priestlv dig- 
nity. J. M. Xealf, Eastern Church, I. 114. 
Catholicise, t. See Catholicize. 
Catholicism (ka-thol'i-sizm), . [= F. cattioli- 
cisme = Sp. caiolicismo = Pg. catholicismo = It. 
cattoliciniiio = D. catholicismus = G. katholici*- 
(,< yii.*eatholicismus: see catholic and -ww.] 
1. Same as catholicity, 1 and 2. 
Not an infallible testimony of the Catholicism of the 
doctrine. Jer. Taylor, Diss. from Popery, ii., Int. 
2. [cap.] Adherence to the Roman Catholic 
Church ; the Roman Catholic faith : as, a con- 
vert to Catholicism. 
catholicity (kath-o-lis'i-ti), . [< catholic + 
-ity; = P. MAoKMM.] "1. The quality of being 
