cattle 
They must have other cattle, as horses to draw their 
plough, and for carriage of things to markets. 
Latliner, Sermon bet. Edw. VI., 1550. 
In a guarantee of drafts against shipments, cattle, may 
include swine. 
l>n-alnr Hank r. Ht. Louis Hank, 21 Wall., 294. 
It was well known that Lord Steepleton Kildare had 
lately ridden from Simla to Vmballa one night and hack 
the next day, ninety-two miles each way, with constant 
change of cattle. F. M. Cratrfoi'd, .Mr. Isaacs, p. 254. 
3. Human beings: in contempt or ridicule. 
Boys and women are for the most part cattle of this 
colour. Sliak., As you Like it, tii. 2. 
Last year, a lad hence by his parents sent 
With other cattle to the city went. 
Swift, To Mr. Congreve. 
Neat cattle. steiM. 
cattle-feeder (kat'l-fe"der), . A device for 
supplying feed iu regulated quantities to racks 
or mangers. 
cattle-guard (kat'l-giird), n. A device to pre- 
vent cattle from straying along a railroad-track 
at a highway-crossing. 
cattle-heron (kat'l-her^on), H. A book-name 
of the small herons of the genus littbulcus, as K. 
ibis. 
cattle-pen (kat'1-pen), n. A pen or inclosure 
for cattle. 
cattle-plague (kat'1-plag), . A virulently 
contagious disease affecting cattle ; rinderpest 
(which see). 
cattle-range (kat'1-ranj), . An uninclosed 
tract of land over which cattle may range and 
graze. 
cattle-run (kat'1-run), n. A wide extent of graz- 
ing-ground. [U. S. and the British colonies.] 
cattle-show (kat'l-sho), n. An exhibition of 
domestic animals for prizes, with a view to the 
promotion of their improvement and increase : 
in the United States usually combined with a 
sort of agricultural fair. 
cattle-Stall (kat'1-stal), n. An arrangement 
other than a halter or tie for securing cattle to 
their racks or maugers. E. H. Knight. 
Cattleya (kat'le-a), n. [NL.; named after Wil- 
liam Cattlcy, an 'English collector of plants.] A 
genus of highly ornamental epiphytic orchids, 
natives of tropical America from Mexico to 
Brazil. Many of the species are highly prized by orchid- 
growers, and their flowers are among the largest and 
handsomest of the order. 
catty (kat'i), n. ; pi. catties (-iz). [< Malay kati. 
a "pound," of varying weight. See caddy*.] 
The name given by foreigners to the Chinese 
kin or pound. The value of the catty was fixed by the 
East India Company in 1770 at 1J pounds avoirdupois. 
The usual Chinese weight is 1.325 pounds; that flxed by 
the Chinese custom-house in 1858 is 1.3316 pounds; that 
of the royal mint at Peking is 1.348 pounds. The name 
866 
mon account it is a corruption of callers' mcrliny, 
a term said to have been applied in derision by 
the Tories to meetings of citizens, among whom 
were calkers and ropemakers, held to protest 
against the aggressions of the royal troops, and 
especially against the "Boston Massacre" of 
March 5th, 1770. But such a corruption and 
forgetfuluess of the orig. meaning of a word so 
familiar as calkers is improbable, and, more- 
over, the word caucus occurs at least 17 years 
earlier, in the following passage in the diary of 
John Adams: "Feb. . . ., 1753 This day found 
that the Caucus Club meets at certain times in 
the yard of Tom Dawes, adjutant of the Boston 
(militia) regiment." This indicates the origin 
of the term caucus, as a private meeting for 
political purposes, in the name of a club of that 
nature, called the "Caucus Club." The origin 
of the name as applied to the club is not known, 
but if not an arbitrary term, chosen for its allit- 
erative form and feigned mysterious import, it 
may have been a learned adoption, in allusion to 
the convivial or symposiac feature of the club, of 
the ML. caucus, < MGr. Kavnof (also naviai, Kama, 
with dim. icavKiov), a cup.] 1. In U.S. politics: 
(a) A local meeting of the voters of a party to 
nominate candidates for local offices, or to elect 
delegates to a convention for the nomination 
of more important officers. In the latter sense, 
caucuses are now generally called primaries. Admis- 
sion to a party caucus is generally open only to known 
and registered members of the party, (i) A. similar 
congressional, legislative, or other gathering of 
leading members of a party for conference as 
to party measures and policy, candidates for the 
presidency and vice-presidency of the United States were 
nominated by party caucuses of members of Congress from 
1800 to 1824. 
More than fifty years ago, Mr. Samuel Adams's father, 
and twenty others, one or two from the north end of the 
town, where all the ship business is carried on, used to 
meet, make a caucus, and lay their plans for introducing 
certain persons into places of trust and power. 
Gordon, Hist, of the Revolution, 1788. 
A caucus (excuse the slang of politics) was held, as I am 
informed, by the delegations [of three Western States] for 
the purpose of recommending some character to the Presi- 
dent (for Judge of Supreme Court). 
John Randolph, quoted ill H. Adams, p. 210. 
Hence 2. Any meeting of managers or of 
interested persons for the purpose of deciding 
upon a line of policy, an arrangement of busi- 
ness, etc., to be brought before a larger meet- 
ing, as a convention. 3. In Eng. politics, a large 
local committee of voters for the management 
of all electioneering business of its party : call- 
ed the Birmingham system, from its introduction 
at Birmingham about 1880. 
we?ghts g ' Ve " m ent loca " ties to 8llghtly differe " t caucus (ka'kus), r. .; pret. and pp. caucused or 
Iron ores sufficient to smelt ten cattle, of tin. caucused ppr. caucusing or caueuxsing. [< c- 
Jour. of Anthmp. hist., XV. 288. cus,n.] To meet m caucus ; come together and 
Catullian (ka-tul'i-an), a. [< L. Catullianus, < confer - 
Catullus, a proper name.] Pertaining to, char- Tlle y> t00 ' lla(1 c"ferred or cawcuied and had decided. 
acteristic of, or resembling the Roman lyrical Philadelphia T,me, No. 2894, p. 2. 
poet Catullus, celebrated for his amatory verses carol (kad), a. A dialectal form (like eauld) of 
and the elegance of his style ; resembling the cota - 
cauda (ka'da), n. ; pi. caiidfe (-de). [L., also 
written c<idd\see coda), a tail.] 1. Inzoiil. and 
anat., a tail or tail-like appendage. 2. In lot., 
a tail-like appendage Cauda equina (mare's tail), 
the leash of nerves, chiefly lumbar or sacral and coc- 
style or works of Catullus. 
Herrick, the most Cattiliian of poets since Catullus. 
Lou'ell, Among my Books, 1st ser,, p. 341. 
Caturidse (ka-tu'ri-de), n. pi. [NL., < Caturus 
+ -idte.] A family of extinct amioid ganoid 
fishes of the Oolitic and Cretaceous periods, 
having a persistent uotochord, but the vertebra? 
partially ossified, a homocercal tail, fins with 
fulcra, and small, pointed teeth in a single row. 
Caturus (ka-tu'rus), )i. [NL. (Agassiz, 1834), 
< Gr. Kara, down, + o'vpa, tail.] The typical ge- 
nus of fishes of the family CaturiiJce. 
catyogle (kaf i-6-gl), n. [Also Itatogle; < Sw. l-att- 
ngla, < katt, = ~E.cafi,+ tiala = E. MM.] A name 
in Shetland of the eagle-owl, Jiubo maximus. 
Caucasian (ka-ka'siau or ka-kash'ian), a. and 
M. [< ML. * Caucasians (L. Caucasius, < Gr. caudad (ka dad), adv. [< L. cauda, tail, + -ad, 
KavKaaiof), < MGr. KavKaaiavoc,, pi. Kavmmavo!, to : see - f "' ] Toward the tail ; backward in 
inhabitants of Caucasus, < Gr. KaiVacrof.] I. a. the } on S xi s of the body; in the opposite di- 
Pertaining to the Caucasus, a rauge of moun- 1>ectlon from cephalad. It is downward in man, back- 
tains between Asia HIK] Knrnne snAr>ifir>!illv war<1 iu most a "'' nal . l> ut is used without reference to 
rTol 1 n t ' ^F f f V, ' ^ Ur P . e ' S 3 t , J ' the P sture of the hod y. ani1 sai(1 o' any P a 't l the body : 
appellative Ot one of the races into which Blu- thus, in man, the mouth is caudad with respect to the 
menbach divided the human family. See II. nostrils ; the lower eyelid is caudad with respect to the 
II. H. In Blumenbach's ethnological system, "PPjr one - 
the highest type of the human family, including Ca "d36, 
nearly all Europeans, t 1 -- "' 
nians, Persians, Hindus 
cygeal, in which the spinal cord terminates, excepting, 
usually, the terminal filament of the cord itself : so called 
from the great length of these nerves, and the appearance 
their roots present within the spinal column. Cauda 
galli, a term applied in American geology to the lowest 
member of the corniferous division of the Devonian age, 
characterized by the cauda galli grit of eastern New York : 
so called in allusion to a common fossil of this name (lit- 
erally, cock's tail) having a feathery form and supposed to 
be a seaweed. Cauda helicis, the inferior and posterior 
portion of the helix of the external ear. Cauda navi- 
cularis, a boat-shaped tail. See boat-ihajml. Cauda 
striati, the tail or narrow posterior part of the caudate 
nucleus of the brain. Also called Kurchi;tl' 
Plural of cauda. 
name to the race because ht . _ 
ed from the Caucasus as the standard of the human type. 
cauchiet, " See causeway. 
Cauchy's formula. See formula. 
cauciont, . An obsolete form of caution. 
caucus (ka'kus), n. [This word originated in 
Boston, Massachusetts. According to a com- 
the tail ; having the nature or appearance of 
a tail. Specifically 2. In anat., having a 
position or relation toward the tail when com- 
pared with some other part: the opposite of 
cephalic (which see). Thus, the neck is a cau- 
dal part of the body with reference to the head. 
caudle 
See caudad. 3. In entom., pertaining to or on 
the end of the abdomen : as, a caudal style ; a 
caudal spot Caudal fln, the tail-fin, or that at the 
Posterior end of the body. See cut under Jin. Caudal 
flexure. See flexure. 
II. n. 1. In ichth., the caudal fin of a fish. 
2. In anat., a caudal or coceygeal vertebra. 
Abbreviated cd. in ichthyological formulas. 
caudalis (ka-da'lis), n.; pi. caudales (-lez). 
[NL. : see caudal.] In iclitli., the caudal fin. 
(riiiitlier, 1859. 
Caudata (ka-da'tji), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. of 
caudatiis: see caudate.] In lierpet., the tailed 
or urodele batrachians : same as Urodda : op- 
posed to Ecaudata or Anura^. Oppel, 1811. 
caudatal (ka-da'tal), a. [< caudatum + -a?.] 
Pertaining to the caudatum of the brain. 
caudate (ka'dat), a. [< NL. caudatiis, < L. cau- 
da, a tail: see cauda.] 1. Having a tail. 2. 
Having a tail-like appendage, (n) In tint., applied 
to seeds or other organs which have such an appendage, (b) 
In fntom., having a long, tail-like process on the margin, 
as the posterior wings of many Lepidoptera. Caudate 
lobe of the liver, in human anat., the lobus caudatus, 
a small elevated band of hepatic substance continued 
from the under surface of the right lobe to the base of the 
Spigelian lobe. Caudate nucleus, in anat., the cau- 
dattim or nucleus caudatus. the upper gray ganglion of 
the corpus striatum, projecting into the lateral ventricle 
and separated from the lenticular nucleus by the internal 
capsule. 
caudated (ka'da-ted), a. Same as caudate. 
caudation (ka-da'shpn), M. [< caudate + -ion.] 
The condition of having a tail. 
He really suspected premature caudation had been in- 
flicted on him for his crimes. 
C. Keade, Never too Late to Mend, Ixxvi. 
caudatum (ka-da'tum), n. [NL., neut. (sc. L. 
corpus, body) of caudatus: see caudate.'} The 
caudate nucleus of the striatum or striate body 
of the brain; a part of this ganglion distin- 
guished from the lenticulare. 
caudez (ka'deks), x. ; pi. caudices, caudexes (-di- 
sez, -dek-sez). [L., later codex, the stem of a 
tree: see codex and code.] In l>ot., as used by 
early writers, the stem of a tree ; no w, the trunk 
of a palm or a tree-fern covered with the re- 
mains of leaf -stalks or marked with their scars ; 
also, frequently, the perennial base of a plant 
which sends up new herbaceous stems from year 
to year in place of the old. Caudex cerebri, the 
middle trunk-like portion of the brain, comprising the 
corpora striata, the thalamencephalon, the mesencepha- 
lon, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. 
caudicle (ka'di-kl), n. [= F. caudicule, < NL. 
caudicula, dim. of L. caudex (caudic-) : see cau- 
dex.] In lot., the stalk attached to the pollen- 
masses of orchideous plants. 
caudicula (ka-dik'u-lii), .; pi. caiidiculai (-le). 
[NL.] Same as caudicle. 
caudiduct (ka'di-dukt), v. t. [< L. cauda, tail, 
+ dnctus, pp. of ducerc, draw: see duct.] To 
draw toward the tail; retroduct; carry back- 
ward or caudad. 
Secure the arm caitdiducted, so as to stretch the mus- 
cles. Wilder and Gar/e, Anat. Tech., p. 231. 
Caudisona (ka-dis'o-na), n. [NL. (Laurenti, 
1768), < L. cauda, tail, + sonus, sound : see 
sound 5 , n.] A genus of rattlesnakes: same as 
Cro talus or Crotalophorus. 
caudisonant (ka-dis'o-nant), a. [< L. cauda, 
tail, + sonan(t-)s, ppr. of sonare, sound: see 
sound 5 , v.] Making a noise with the tail, as a 
rattlesnake. [Rare.] 
cauditrunk (ka'di-trunk), n. [< L. cauda, tail, 
4- truncus, trunk.] In fishes and pisciform mam- 
mals, the combination of the trunk or abdomi- 
nal portion and the caudal portion, including 
all the body behind the head. Gill. 
caudle (ka'dl), n. [< ME. caudel, < OF. caudel, 
chaudel (F. chaudeau), a warm drink, dim. from 
*caud, caut, chaud, cliaut, chald (F. chaud, dial. 
caud), warm (cf. Sp. Pg. caldo, broth, ML. cali- 
dum, a warm drink). < L. calidus, caldus, warm, 
hot: see calid, and cf. caldron.] A kind of warm 
drink made of wine or ale mixed with bread, 
sugar, and spices, and sometimes eggs, given 
to sick persons, to a woman in childbed, and 
her visitors. 
Wan ich am ded, make me a caudel. 
Jtob. of Gloucester, p. 561. 
He had good broths, caudle, and such like. 
Wiseman, Surgery. 
Hark ye, master Holly-top, your wits are gone on wool- 
gathering ; comfort yourself with a caudle ; thatch your 
brain-sick noddle with a woolen night-cap. 
Scott, Abbot, I. 230. 
Hempen caudle. See hempen. 
caudle (ka'dl), r. t. ; pret. and pp. candled, ppr. 
caudling. [< caudle, w.] 1. To make into cau- 
. 2. To serve as a caudle for; refresh, 
die 
comfort, or make warm, as with caudle. 
