caup 
caup 2 (kap), n. [Same as cap 2 , q. v.] A cup 
or wooden bowl. [Scotch.] 
caup 3 t (kap), . and v. See coup 1 . 
cauponatet (ka'po-nat), v. i, [< L. canpona- 
fus, pp. of cauponari, traffic, < caupo(n-), a petty 
tradesman, huckster, innkeeper. See cheap.] 
To keep a victualing-house or an inn; hence, 
to engage in petty trafficking; huckster. 
cauponationt (ka-po-ua'shon), n. [< L. as if 
"caupoiiatio(n-), < cauponaius: see cauponate.] 
Low trafficking; huckstering. 
Better it were to have a deformity in preaching, so that 
some would preach the truth of God, and that which ia to 
be preached, without oouponoWotl and adulteration of the 
word, . . . than to have such a uniformity that the silly 
people should be thereby occasioned to continue still in 
their lamentable ignorance. 
Latimer, Sermons and Remains, ii. 347. 
I shall now trace and expose their corruptions and cau- 
ponationv of the gospel. Bentleri. 
cauponizet (ka'po-niz), v. i. [< L. caupori(ari) 
+ -ize. See cauponate.] To sell wine or vict- 
uals. 
The rich rogues who cauponized to the armies in Ger- 
many. Warburton, To Kurd, Letters, clxxi. 
caurale (ka'ral), w. A name of the sun-bittern, 
Euri/pyga helias. Also called carle. 
Caurus (ka'rus), . [L., also Corns, the north- 
west wind; prob. for "scaur us = Goth, skura, a 
storm (skura windis, a storm of wind), = AS. 
scur, E. shower; related to L. obscurus, obscure : 
see shower and obscure.] The classical name of 
the northwest wind, which in Italy is a stormy 
one. 
A swifte wynde that heyhte Chorus. 
Chaucer, Boethius, i. meter 3. 
The ground by piercing Caurus sear'd. 
Thomson, Castle of Indolence, at. 
76. 
causable (ka'za-bl), a. [< cause + -able."] Ca- 
pable of being caused, produced, or effected. 
For that may be miraculously effected ill one which is 
naturally causable in another. 
Sir T. Browne, Vnlg. Err., iii. 21. 
causal (ka'zal), a. and n. [= F. Pr. Sp. Pg. 
causal = It. causale, < L. causalis, (. causa, cause : 
see cause, n.] I. a. 1. Constituting or being a 
cause ; producing effects or results ; causative ; 
creative : as, causal energy. 
In quietness yield thy soul to the causal soul. 
Marg. Fuller, Woman in 19th Cent., p. 20. 
2. Relating to a cause or causes; implying or 
containing a cause or causes; expressing a 
cause. 
Causal propositions are where two propositions are 
joined by causal words, as ... that ... or ... be- 
cause. Watts, Logic. 
Causal definition, a definition which expresses the causes 
essential to the existence of the thing defined. 
II. . In(/rai.,awordthatexpressesacause, 
or introduces a reason. 
causalgia (ka-zal'ji-a), . [NL., < Gr. navatc, 
burning, + d/ljof, pain.] Inpatliol., an intense 
burning pain. 
causality (ka-zal'i-ti), n. ; pi. causalities (-tiz). 
[= F. causalite = Sp. causalidatl = Pg. causali- 
(lade = It. caimilita, < L. as if *cansalitas, < 
causalis, causal: see causal.] 1. That which 
constitutes a cause; the activity of causing; 
the character of an event as causing. 
As he created all things, so is he beyond and in them 
all, in his very essence, as being the soul of their causali- 
tits, and the essential cause of their existences. 
Sir T. Brouvie, Vulg. Err. 
2. The relation of cause to effect, or of effect 
to cause ; the law or principle that nothing can 
happen or come into existence without a cause. 
See laic of causation, under causation. 
Although, then, the law of causality permits us to say 
that for every given event there is a series of events from 
which it must follow, it does not permit us to say what 
these events are. Aitamma, Philos. of Kant. 
3. In phren., the faculty, localized in an or- 
gan or division of the brain, to which is attrib- 
uted the tracing of effects to their causes. 
Principle of causality. See law of causation, under 
causation. 
causally (ka'zal-i), adv. As a cause; accord- 
ing to the order of causes ; by tracing effects 
to causes. Sir T. Browne. 
The world of experience must be for intelligence a system 
of things causally connected. Adamant, Philos. of Kant. 
causalty (ka'zal-ti), i. [Origin uncertain.] In 
mining, the lighter, earthy parts of ore carried 
off by washing. 
causation (ka-za'shou), n. [< cause, v., + 
-ation; = F. causation. L. causatio(n-) has only 
the deflected sense of 'a pretext, excuse,' ML. 
also 'controversy,' < causari, plead, pretend: 
see cause, v. ] The act of causing or producing ; 
the principle of causality ; the relation of cause 
to effect, or of effect to cause. 
868 
In contemplating the series of causes which are them- 
selves the effects of other causes, we are necessarily led to 
assume a Supreme Cause in the order of causation, as we 
assume a First Cause in the order of succession. 
Whewell, Nov. Org. Renovatum, III. x. 7. 
Physics knows nothing of causation except that it is the 
invariable and unconditional sequence of one event upon 
another. J. Fiske, Cosmic Philos., I. 127. 
An adequate consciousness of causation yields the ir- 
resistible belief that from the most serious to the most 
trivial actions of men in society there must flow conse- 
quences which, quite apart from legal agency, conduce to 
well-being or ill-being in greater or smaller degree. 
H. Spencer, Data of Ethics, 19. 
Law Of causation, nr principle of causality, the law 
or doctrine that every event is the result or sequel of 
some previous event or events, without which it could 
not have taken place, and which being present it must 
take place. 
causationism (ka-za'shon-izm), . [< cintxa- 
tioii + -ism.] The theory or law of causation. 
See fuiixatioii. 
causationist (ka-za'shon-ist), 11. [< causa- 
tion + -ist.] A believer in the law of causa- 
tion. 
All successful men have agreed in one thing, they 
were causationists. They believed that things went not 
by luck, but by law. Emerson, Power. 
causative (ka'za-tiv), a. and . [= F. cuusntif 
= Sp. Pg. It. causative, < L. causativus, causa- 
tive, pertaining to a lawsuit, accusative, < cau- 
sa, cause: see cause, .] I. a. 1. Effective as 
a cause or an agent ; causal. 
The notion of a Deity doth expressly signify a being . . . 
potential or causative of all beings beside itself. 
Bp. Pearson, Expos, of Creed, i. 
2. In ffram., expressing causation: as, a causa- 
tive verb: for example, to fell (cause to fall), to 
set (cause to sit) ; the causative conjugation of 
a verb, such as is common in Sanskrit. Also 
sometimes applied to the case by which cause 
is expressed, as the Latin ablative. 
II. . A form of verb or noun having causa- 
tive value. 
causatively (ka'za-tiv-li), adv. In a causative 
manner. 
cansativity (ka-za-tiv'i-ti), . [< causative + 
-ity.] The state or quality of being causative. 
causatort (ka-za'tor), n. [Cf. ML. caugator, a 
party to a suit; < L. causare, cause.] One who 
causes or produces an effect. 
The invisible condition of the first causator. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err. 
cause (kaz), H. [< ME. cause, < OF. cause, also 
cose , a cause, a thing (F. cause, a cause, chose, a 
thing: see chose' 2 ), =Pr. causa = Sp. It. caitm, 
cosa = Pg. causa, cousa, coisa, < L. causa, also 
spelled caussa, a cause, reason, in ML. also a 
thing; origin uncertain. See accuse, excuse.] 1. 
That by the power of which an event or thing 
is; a principle from which an effect arises; 
that upon which something depends per se ; in 
general, anything which stands to something 
real relation analogous to the mental 
of one but of many causes (see total cause, below); but 
the usual doctrine is that the effect is an abstract ele- 
ment of a thing or event, while the cause is an ab- 
stract element of an antecedent event. Four kinds of 
causes are recognized by Aristotelians : the material, 
formal, efficient, and Jinal cause. Material cause ii that 
which gives being to the thing, the matter by the de- 
termination of which it is constituted; formal cause, 
that which gives the thing its characteristics, the form or 
determination by which the matter becomes the thing ; effi- 
cient cause, an external cause preceding its effect in time, 
and distinguished from material and formal cause by 
being external to that which it causes, and from the end 
or Jinal cause, in being that by which something is made 
or done, and not merely that for the sake of which it is 
made or done; final cause, an external cause following 
after that which it determines (called the means), the 
end for which the effect exists. Other divisions of causes 
are as follows: subordinate or second cause, one which is 
itself caused by something else ; first cause, that which 
is not caused by anything else ; proximate or immediate 
cause, one between which and the effect no other cause 
intervenes, or, in law, that from which the effect might 
be expected to follow without the concurrence of any uu- 
usual circumstances ; remote cause, the opposite of proxi- 
mate cause ; total cause, the aggregate of all the ante- 
cedents which suffice, to bring about the event; partial 
cause, something which tends to bring about an effect, 
but only iu conjunction with other causes; emanatice 
cause, that which by its mere existence determines the 
effect; active cause, that which brings about the effect by 
an action or operation, termed the causation; immantnt 
cause, that which brings about some effect within itself, 
as the mind calling up an image ; transient cause, that 
whose effect lies outside itself ; free cause, that which is 
self-determined and free to act or not act: opposed to 
necessary cause; principal cause, that upon which the 
effect mainly depends ; instrumental cause, a cause sub- 
servient to the principal cause. The above are the chief 
distinctions of the Aristotelians. The physicians, follow- 
ing Galen, recognized three kinds of causes, the proca- 
tarctic, proet/rumenal, and si/nectic. The procatarctic cause 
is an antecedent condition of things outside of the princi- 
cause 
pal cause, facilitating the production of the effect ; the 
proi'iiumenal cause is that within the principal cause 
which either predisposes or directly excites it to action ; 
and the synectic, containing, or continent cause is the es- 
sence of the disease itself considered as the cause of the 
symptoms; thus typhoid fever might be referred to as 
the continent cause of ocher-stools or a quickened pulse. 
Kher varieties are the occasional cause (see occasionalism) ; 
moral canse, the person inciting the agent to action ; ob- 
jfctirf cause, the ideas which excite the imagination of 
the agent ; and sufficient cause, one which suffices to bring 
about the effect (see sufficient reason, under reason). 
In virtue of his character as knowing, therefore, we are 
entitled to say that man is, according to a certain well- 
defined meaning of the term, a free cause. 
T. II. Green, Prolegomena to Ethics, 74. 
Cause is the condensed expression of the factors of any 
phenomenon, the effect being the fact itself. 
G. 11. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, II. v. 19. 
Of these two senses of the word cause, viz., that which 
brings a thing to be, and that on which a thing under 
given circumstances follows, the former is that of which 
our experience is the earlier and more intimate, being 
suggested to us by our consciousness of willing and doing. 
J. H. Xemnan, Grain, of Assent, p. 65. 
Specifically 2. An antecedent upon which an 
effect follows according to a law of nature ; an 
efficient cause. The common conception of a cause, 
as producing an effect similar to itself at a later time and 
without essential reference to any third factor, is at vari- 
ance with the established principles of mechanics. Two 
successive positions of a system must be known, in addi- 
tion to the law of the force, before a position call be pre- 
dicted ; but the common idea of a cause is that of a 
single antecedent determining a consequent of the same 
nature. Moreover, the action of a force is strictly con- 
temporaneous with it and comes to an end with it ; and 
no known law of nature coordinates events separated by 
an interval of time. 
3. The reason or motive for mental action or 
decision; ground for action in general. 
I have full cause of weeping; but this heart 
Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws, 
Or ere I'll weep. Shak., Lear, it 4. 
This was the only Funeral Feast that ever I was at 
among them, and they gave me cause to remember it. 
Datnpier, Voyages, II. i. 92. 
4. In law, a legal proceeding between adverse 
parties; a case for judicial decision. See 
case 1 , 5. 
Hear the causes between your brethren, and judge right- 
eously between every man and his brother, and the stran- 
ger that is with him. Deut. i. 16. 
Remember every cause 
Stands not on eloquence, but stands on laws. 
Story, Advice to a Young Lawyer. 
5. In a general sense, any subject of question 
or debate ; a subject of special interest or con- 
cern; business; affair. 
What counsel give you in this weighty cause ! 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iU. 1. 
The cause craves haste. Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1295. 
I think of her whose gentle tongue 
All plaint in her own cause controll'd. 
M. Arnold, \ Southern Night. 
6. Advantage; interest; sake. 
I did it not for his cause that had done the wrong. 
2 Cor. vii. 12. 
7. That side of a question which a 
They never fail who die 
In a great cause. Byron, Marino Faliero, ii. 2. 
A cause which is vigorous after centuries of defeat is a 
cause baffled but not hopeless, beaten but not subdued. 
G. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, I. i. $ 7. 
Cause of action, in law, the situation or state of facts 
which entitles a party to sustain an action ; a right of 
recovery. Country cause, in Knt/. le/ial practice, a suit 
against a defendant residing more than twenty miles from 
London. Degrading causes, in geol. See degrading. 
Entitled in the cause. See entitle. Fallacy of 
false cause. See fallacy. For cause, for a legally 
sufficient reason : as, some officers are not removable ex- 
cept for cause (used in contradistinction to at pleasure). 
Matrimonial causes. See matrimonial. Onerous 
cause. See onerous. Probable cause (used with ref- 
erence to criminal prosecutions), such a state of facts and 
circumstances as would lead a man of ordinary caution 
and prudence, acting conscientiously, impartially, reason- 
ably, and without prejudice, upon the facts within his 
knowledge, to believe that the person accused is guilty. 
The First Cause, God. Seedef. 1, above. To make 
common cause with, to join with for the attainment of 
some object ; side with strongly ; aid and support. 
She found I was a devil and no man, 
Made common cause with those who found as much. 
Browning, Ring and Book, I. 613. 
To show cause, to present a reason : as, an order of 
court requiring a person to show i-mixf hy he should 
not be punished for contempt. Town cause, in /,'/<'/. 
le/jal practice, a suit against a defendant residing not 
iiHirc than twenty miles from London. 
cause (kaz), r. ; pret. and pp. caused, ppr. caus- 
ing. [< ME. causfu = F. causer = Sp. Pg. causar 
= It. causare, cause (cf . L. causari, give as a rea- 
son, pretend, ML. causure, litigate, plead, > F. 
causer, etc., talk: see causeuse); from the noun : 
see cause, n.] I. trans. 1. To act as a cause 
or agent in producing; effect; bring about; be 
the occasion of. 
\ 
