cauterize 
cauterize (ka'ter-iz), r. 1, pret. and pp. cauter- 
ized, ppr. cauterizing, [= F. cauterixer = Pr. 
cauterisar = Sp. Pg. cMte/v>ai- = It. cauterizzare, 
< ML. cauterisare, also cauteriare, < Gr. navrr/- 
pia&iv, cauterize, < aairt/ptov, a searing-iron: see 
caMfcri/.] 1. To burn or sear with fire or a hot 
iron, or with caustics, as morbid flesh. 
Fugitive slaves are marked and cauterized with burning 
irons. Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 387. 
The flame from the pistol had been so close that it had 
actually cauterized the wound inflicted by the ball. 
Mul/ril, Dutch Republic, III. 03. 
2. To sear, in a figurative sense. 
They have cauterised consciences. 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 195. 
The more cauterized our conscience is, the less is the fear 
of helL Jer. Taylor, Holy Dying, i. 603. 
Also spelled cauterise, 
cautery (ka'ter-i), w. ; pi. cauteries (-iz). [= 
F. cautere = Pr. cauteri = Sp. Pg. It. cautcrio, < 
L. cauterium, < Gr. Kamf/piov, a branding-iron, 
a brand, dim. of Kavrtj/i, a branding-iron, a 
burner: see canter.'] 1. A burning or searing, 
as of morbid flesh, by a hot iron or by caustic 
substances that burn, corrode, or destroy the 
solid parts of an animal body. The burning by a 
hot iron is termed actual cautery ; that by caustic medi- 
cines, potential cautery. 
His discourses, like Jonathan's arrows, may shoot short, 
or shoot over, but not wound where they should, nor open 
those humours that need a lancet or a cautery, 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 586. 
The mad bite 
Must have the cautery. 
Tennyson, Queen Mary, iii. 4. 
2. The instrument or drug employed in cauter- 
izing Corrigan's cautery. Same as Corrigan's but- 
ton (which see, under button). Galvanic cautery, an 
Instrument for cauterizing which is heated by the passage 
through it of an electric current. 
cautery-electrode (ka'ter-i-e-lek"trod), n. A 
name applied to any of the various forms of 
wires and bands of platinum which constitute 
the heated and cauterizing part of a galvanic 
cautery. 
canting-iron (ka'ting-Fern), n. [Appar. short 
for cantering- or cauterizing-iron. See cauter.] 
A searing-iron. E. H. Knight. 
caution (ka'shon), n. [< ME. caution, caucioun 
(def. 7) = F. caution = Pr. cautio = Sp. cau- 
tion = Pg. caucao = It. cauzione (of. D. cautie 
= G. caution = Dan. Sw. kaution, chiefly in le- 
gal senses), < L. cautio(n-), caution, precaution, 
security, bond, warranty, < cautus, pp. of ca- 
vere, be on one's guard, take heed, look out, 
beware, ult. = AS. sceawian, look at, behold, 
E. show: see show."] 1. Prudence in regard to 
danger; wariness, consisting in a careful at- 
tention to probable and possible results, and a 
judicious course of conduct to avoid failure or 
disaster. 
In the afternoon we walked out to see the City. But 
we thought lit, before we enter'd, to get License of the 
Governour and to proceed with all caution. 
Maumirell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 134. 
The first thing I did at Alexandria was to pace round 
the walls, and take the bearings ; which I did with so 
much caution, that I thought I could only have been ob- 
served by the Janizary that attended me. 
Pococke, Description of the East, I. 3. 
2. Anything intended or serving to induce wari- 
ness ; a warning given either by word of mouth 
or in any other way ; monitory advice. 
In way of caution, I must tell you, 
You do not understand yourself so clearly 
As it behooves my daughter and your honor. 
Shak., Hamlet, i. 3. 
Indulge, my son, the cautions of the wise. 
Pope, Odyssey, xxiii. 114. 
3f. Provision or security against something; 
provident care ; precaution. 
In despite of all the rules and cautions of government, 
the most dangerous and mortal of vices will come off. 
Sir R. L'Estrange. 
4. In recent Eng. law, a written warning or 
caveat filed with the registrar of land-titles 
against dealings with the land without notice 
to the cautioner, or person who files the warn- 
ing. 5. Security; guaranty; pledge; bail. 
[Now confined to Scotch law.] 
The parliament would yet give his majesty sufficient 
caution that the war should be prosecuted. Clarendon. 
6. A person who gives security; a surety; a 
cautioner. [Scotch, and generally pronounced 
ka'zhon, as also in sense 5.] 
The King of Spain now offers himself for Caution, for 
putting in Execution what is stipulated in "behalf of the 
Roman Catholics throughout his Majestv of Great-Britain's 
Dominions. Howelf, Letters, I. iii. 21. 
7t. Bond; bill. 
Take thi caucion, and sitte down soone and write flfti. 
Wyclif, Luke xvi. 6. 
870 
8. Something to excite alarm or astonishment ; 
something extraordinary: absolutely or with 
some fanciful addition : as, the way they scat- 
tered was a caution to snakes. [Slang.] Bond of 
caution. See bund 1 . = Syn. 1. Forethought, forecast, heed, 
vigilance, watchfulness, circumspection. 2. Admonition. 
caution (ka'shon), v. t. [< caution, n.] To give 
notice of danger to ; warn ; exhort to take heed. 
You cautioned me against their charms. 
Swift. 
cautionary (ka'shou-a-ri), a. and n. [< caution 
+ -ary ; = F. cautionnaire = Sp. Pg. caucio- 
r.] I. a. 1. Containing a caution, or warn- 
ing to avoid danger: as, cautionary advice. 
You will see that these ways are made cautionary 
enough. Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, ii. 
Waved his unoccupied hand with a cautionary gesture 
to his companions. Barharn, Ingoldsby Legends, I. 148. 
2. Given as a pledge or in security. 
Has the enemy no cautionary towns and seaports, to give 
us for securing trade? Swift, Conduct of the Allies. 
Cautionary town, a town the control and revenues of 
which are granted by the government to a foreign power to 
secure the payment of a debt or the performance of an ob- 
ligation ; notably, certain strongholds in the Netherlands 
which were thus pledged to the English crown in the time 
of Elizabeth, particularly the cities of Flushing, Briel, and 
Rammckens. 
And it is resolved that it [a benevolence raised for the 
crown in Devon] shall only be employed for the payment 
of his debts, as namely for Ireland, the Navy, and the 
Cautionary Towns in the Low Countries ; and so, leaving 
the carriage of this business to your discretions and wis- 
doms, we bid you heartily farewell. 
Letter from the Lords in Council of James I. 
By the treaty of peace between James and Philip III., 
although the king had declared himself bound by the 
treaties made by Elizabeth to deliver up the cautionary 
towns to no one but the United States, he promised Spain 
to iillow those States a reasonable time to make peace 
with the Archdukes. Motley, John of Barneveld, II. 67. 
II. H. Same as cautionry. 
cautioner (ka'shon-er), n. 1. One who cau- 
tions or advises. 2. In recent Eng. late, one 
who files a caution with the registrar of land- 
titles. See caution, n., 4. 3. [Generally pro- 
nounced ka'zhon-er.] In Scots law, the person 
who is bound for another to the performance of 
an obligation. 
cautionizet (ka'shon-Iz), v. t. [< caution + -ize.~\ 
To promote caution in ; make prudent ; place 
under security or guaranty. 
The captaine of the Janissaries rose and slew the Bul- 
lar, and gave his daughter in marriage to one Asian Begh 
... of a bordering province, to cautionize that part. 
Continuation of Knolles, 1414 (Ord MS.). 
caution-money (ka'8hou-mun ; *i), . Money 
deposited as security ; specifically, a sum paid 
as security ''"""^tudent on his matriculation in 
an 
The genteel amercements of a young man of fashion in 
a silver tankard or his caution money ought not, in any 
wise, to be considered as part of his education. 
Remarks on the Expence of Education, 1788. 
cautionry (ka'shon-ri), n. [< caution + -ry.~\ 
In Scots laic, the act of giving security for an- 
other ; the promise or contract of one, not for 
himself, but for another. Also written cau- 
tionary, 
cautious (ka'shus), a. [< caution, on type of 
ambitious, < ambition, etc. ; the older E. adj. 
was cautelous, q. v., and the L. adj. is cautus, 
prop. pp. of cavere, take heed. See caution."] 1. 
Possessing or exhibiting caution ; attentive to 
probable effects and consequences of actions 
with a view to avoid danger or misfortune ; 
prudent ; circumspect ; wary ; watchful : as, a 
cautious general; a cautious advance. 
These same cautious and quick-sighted gentlemen. 
Bentley, Sermons, ii. 
Like most men of cautious tempers and prosperous for- 
tunes, he had a strong disposition to support whatever 
existed. Macaulay. 
2. With of before the object of caution: wary 
in regard to the risks of; afraid or heedful of 
the dangers involved in. 
Having one Man surprized once by some Spaniards lying 
there in ambush, and carried off by them to Panama, we 
were after that more cautious of Straggling. 
Dampier, Voyages, I. 177. 
By night he fled, and at midnight return'd 
From compassing the earth ; cautious of day. 
MUton, P. L., ix. 59. 
3f. Over-prudent; timorous; timid. 
You shall be received at a postern-door, if you be not 
cautious, by one whose touch would make old Nestor 
young. Maitinger. 
=Syn. Prudent, careful, wary, vigilant, heedful, thought- 
ful, scrupulous. 
cautiously (ka'shus-li), adv. In a cautious 
manner ; with caution ; warily. 
Then know how fickle common lovers are : 
Their oaths and vows are cautiously believed ; 
For few there are but have been once deceived. 
Lryden. 
cavalier 
Entering the new chamber cautiously, 
The glory of great heaps of gold could see. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, I. 327. 
cautiousness (ka'shus-nes), . The quality of be- 
ing cautious; watchfulness; provident care; cir- 
cumspection; prudence with regard to danger. 
cautor (ka'tor), >(. [< L. cautor, one who is on 
his guard or is wary, also one who is security 
or bail, < cavere, be on one's guard, etc. : see 
caution.'] A cautioner. [Rare.] 
A caution means that a sale cannot be effected without 
notice to the cautor and opportunity of objection. 
Contemporary Rev., XLIX. 201. 
cauzi, . See cazi. 
cava 1 (ka'va), .; pi. cavas (-ve). [NL., fern, 
(sc. vena, vein) of L. cavus: see caval and vein.'] 
A caval vein; one of the veuee cavse. See ca- 
val, n. 
The division of the heart into which these cavce open. 
Huxley. 
cava 2 , n. Plural of cavum. 
cava 3 , kawa (ka'va, -wa), n. The Polynesian 
name of an intoxicating beverage prepared 
from the shrub Macropijier methysticum. 
cavas. n. Plural of cacal. 
caval (ka'val), . and n. [< L. cavus, hollow 
(see cave 1 ), + -al.~] I. a. 1. In anat., hollow 
and comparatively large: as, a caval sinus. 
Specifically 2. Pertaining to the cavse. See 
vena and caco 1 . 
II. . A cava, or caval vein; either one of 
the two largest veins of the body, emptying 
blood into the right auricle of the heart. In 
man these veins are commonly called superior and inferior 
cacals, or vena cava superior and inferior ; their more gen- 
eral names are precaval and jwtstcaval. See these words, 
and cuts under heart and lung. 
cavalcade (kav-al-kad'), . [< F. cavalcade, < 
It. cavalcata (= Pr. cavalcada = Sp. cabalgada, 
cabalgata = Pg. cavalgada), a troop of horse- 
men, < cavalcare, ride, < cavallo, < L. caballus, 
a horse : see cabaft, capel^, cavalry, chevalier, 
chivalry, and of. chevachie, a doublet of cat'oi- 
cade.~\ A procession or train, as of persons on 
horseback or in carriages. 
We went from Sienna, desirous of being present at the 
cavalcade of the new Pope Innocent X., who had not yet 
made the grand procession to St. John de Laterano. 
Evelyn, Diary, Nov. 2, 1644. 
Onward came the cavalcade, illuminated by two hun- 
dred thick waxen torches, in the hands of as many horse- 
men. Scott, Kenilworth, II. 117. 
He [King James] made a progress through his kingdom, 
escorted by long cavalcades of gentlemen from one lordly 
mansion to another. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xviii. 
cavalcade t (kav-al-kad'), v. i. [< cavalcade, n."] 
To ride in or form part of a procession. 
He would have done his noble friend better service than 
cavalcadiny with him to Oxford. Korth, Examen, p. 112. 
cavalerot (kav-a-le'ro), n. [Also cavaliero, 
repr. Sp. cavaliero, now caballero : see cavalier.] 
A cavalier ; a gay military man ; a gallant. 
I'll drink to master Bardolph, and to all the cavaleroet 
about London. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., v. 3. 
cavalier (kav-a-ler'), n. and a. [Also formerly 
cavalero and cavaliero, after Sp. or It. ; = D. 
kavalier = Q. cavalier = Dan. kavaler = Sw. 
kavaljer = AT. Tcewdlir, < F. cavalier = Pr. caval- 
lier, < It. cavaliere = Sp. caballero = Pg. cava- 
Iheiro, cavalleiro = F. chevalier (> E. chevalier), 
< ML. caballarius, a horseman, knight, < LL. 
caballus, a horse : sec cabafi, cavalcade, etc., and 
chevalier.'] I. n. 1. A horseman, especially an 
armed horseman ; a knight. 
Nineteen French marquesses and a hundred Spanish 
cavaliers. Taller, No. 260. 
Hence 2. One who has the spirit or bearing 
of a knight; especially, a bold, reckless, and 
gay fellow. 
Who is he ... that will not follow 
These cull'd and choice-drawn cavaliers to France? 
Shait., Hen. V., iii. (cho.). 
3. [cap.] The appellation given to the partizans 
of Charles I. of England in his contest with 
Parliament. 
During some years they were designated as Cavaliers 
and Roundheads. They were subsequently called Tories 
and Wliigs. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., i. 
4 . A man attending on or escorting a woman, 
or acting as her partner in dancing ; a gallant ; 
a beau. 
I'll take a dance, said I ; so stay you here. A sunburnt 
daughter of Labour rose up from the group to meet me as 
I advanced towards them. . . . We want zcavalier, said 
she, holding out both her hands, as if to offer them. 
And a cavalier ye shall have, said I, taking hold of both 
of them. Sterne. 
5. In medieval fort., a mound defended by walls 
and the like, raised so as to command the 
neighboring ramparts; hence, in modern fort., 
