caveach 
cayeach (ka-vech'), r. t. [< caveach, .] To 
pickle (mackerel) according to a West Indian 
method. 
caveae, . Plural of carea. 
caveat (ka've-at), n. [L., let him beware; 3d 
pers. sing. pres. subj. of cavcre, beware, take 
need: see caution.] 1. In law, a notice filed 
or noted in a public office to prevent some 
proceeding being had except after warning to 
the caveator, or person making the caveat : as, 
a careat filed witli the probate court against the 
probate of a will. A caveat filed in the United States 
1'atent Office by one who is engaged upon an invention enti- 
tles him to notice of any application for a patent for an in- 
terfering invention during one year, while he is perfecting 
his own. 
2. Figuratively, intimation of caution; warn- 
ing; admonition; hint. 
Let our bands take this eaueat also, if the enemie re- 
tire, not to make any long pursuit after him. 
Hakluyt's Voyages, I. 63. 
To giue a Caueat to al parents, how they might bring 
their children vp in vertue. 
Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 122. 
In the midst of his prosperity, let him remember that 
caveat of Moses, "Beware that he do not forget the Lord 
his God." Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 87. 
caveat (ka've-at), v, i. [< caveat, .] 1. To 
enter a caveat. 2. In fencing, to shift the 
sword from one side of an adversary's sword 
to the other. 
caveator (ka've-a-tor), n. [< caveat + -or.] 
One who enters' a caveat. 
cave-bear (kav'bar), n. A fossil bear, Ursus 
xpekeus, of the Quaternary epoch, contempo- 
rary with man in the caves of Europe. 
cave-cricket (kav'krik"et), n. A cricket of the 
genus Hadenoicus, inhabiting caverns. S. H. 
Scudder. 
cave-dweller (kav'dweFer), n. 1. One who 
dwells in a cave; a troglodyte; specifically, a 
member of the prehistoric race of men who 
dwelt in natural caves, subsisting on shell-fish 
and wild animals. Many of the caves which they in- 
habited contain their rude implements and sculptured 
drawings, together with animal and sometimes human 
bones, in superimposed layers, separated by limestone or 
other deposits. See bone-cave. Also called caveman. 
Our knowledge of primitive man in Europe, during the 
paleolithic age, is mainly confined to what has been 
learned in regard to the life and habits of the so-called 
cave-dwellers. Science, III. 489. 
2. pi. leap."] A name given to the Bohemian 
Brethren (which see, under Bohemian), because 
they hid in caves to escape persecution. 
cave-fish (kav'fish), n. A fish of the family 
Amblyopsidce that inhabits caves. There are sev- 
eral species, all viviparous, some of them blind, inhabiting 
cave-streams of the southern and western United States, 
as Amblyopns spelteux and Typhlichthys subterraneus. 
CholoflOster papillifer, C. aftaxxizi, and C. cornutujt, of the 
same family, are found in open ditches in South Carolina. 
See cut under Ainbhiopnis. 
cave-hyena (kav'hi-e"nii), . A species of fos- 
sil hyena, Hyaena spelieiis, remains of which oc- 
cur in bone-caves. 
cave-keeper (kav'ke"per), n. One who lives 
in a cave. [Rare.] 
I thought I was a cave-keeper, 
And cook to honest creatures. 
Shak., Cymbeline, iv. 2. 
cave-keeping (kav'ke"ping), a. Dwelling in a 
cave; hidden. [Rare.] 
In men, as in a rough-grown grove, remain 
Cave-keeping evils that obscurely sleep. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1250. 
cavel 1 , cavil 1 , kevel 1 , kevil 1 (kav'el, -il, kev'- 
el, -il), n. [Also written kavel, and formerly 
assibilated cltevil; < ME. *cavel (not recorded in 
this sense, but see caeeP), kevel, kevil, a cleat, 
clamp, gag, < (1) Icel. kefti, a piece of wood, a 
stick, a gag, a cylinder, a mangle (also in 
comp. runkefli, a rune-staff), = Norw. kjevle, a 
round stick, cylinder, roller, rolling-pin, gag, = 
Sw. dim. kafling, a small roundish billet: (2) 
Icel. Icafli, a piece, a bit, a buoy for a cable or 
net (medhalkafli, a sword-hilt), = Norw. kavle, a 
roller, cylinder, rolling-pin, gag, kavl, a buoy 
for a cable or net, = Sw. kafte, a roller, cylinder, 
roller of a mangle, hilt, = MD. D. kavel = MLG. 
LGr. karel = G. kabel, lot, part, share (whence 
E. cavel%), orig. a stick or rune-staff used in cast- 
ing lots.] If. A bit for a horse. 
In kevil and bridel \inframo et camo] thair chekes straite 
2f. A gag. Ps ' ml - 9 < MK "rsion). 
Hwan Grim him [Havelok] hanede faste bounden, 
And sithen in an eld cloth woundeu, 
A keuel of clutes ful unwraste ifoul] 
That he [nej moucte speke ne fnaste [breathe]. 
Havelok, 1. 545. 
3. Naut., a large cleat of wood or iron to which 
sheets, tacks, or braces are belayed. Also che- 
872 
vil. E. Phillip*, 1706. 4. A stone-masons' ax, 
with a flat face for knocking off projecting 
angular points, and a pointed peon for reducing 
a surface to the desired form ; a jedding-ax. 
To cast the cavel, to throw the hammer. 
cavel' 2 , cavil'-', kevel 2 , kevil 2 (kav'el, -il, kev'- 
el, -il), n. [< ME. carel, pi. cnflis, < MD. D. 
kavel = MLG. LG. kavel G. kabel, lot, part, 
share: see cavel 1 .'] If. Originally, the stick or 
rune-staff used in casting lots ; a lot: as, to cast 
cavels. 
O we cuist cavelx us amang. 
William Ouiwman (Child's Ballads, III. 52). 
2. A part or share ; lot. 
No one, not being a brother of the gild, shall buy wool, 
hides, or skins, to sell again, or shall cut cloths, save 
stranger-merchants in the course of trade. Such a one 
shall have neither Lot nor Ctn-il with any brother. 
Englixh Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 342. 
3. A parcel or allotment of land. [Obsolete 
or provincial in both senses.] 
cave-lion (kav'li"on), . A lion the remains of 
which occur in European bone-caves. It is 
closely related to if not identical with the liv- 
ing lion, Felis leo. 
caveman (kav'man), n.; pi. cavemen (-men). 
Same as cave-dweller, 1. 
The bones and implements of the Care-men are found 
in association with remains of the reindeer and bison, the 
arctic fox, the mammoth, and the woolly rhinoceros. 
J. Fiske, Evolutionist, p. 45. 
cavendish (kav' en-dish), n. [From the proper 
name Cavendish."] Tobacco which has been 
softened, pressed into quadrangular cakes, and 
sweetened with syrup or molasses, for chew- 
ing or smoking. Also called neijro-Jiead Cut 
cavendish, cavendish tobacco cut into small shreds. 
cave-pika (kav'pi"ka), . A kind of pika or 
calling-hare, fossil remains of which are found 
in bone-caves. See Lagomys. 
caver 1 (ka'ver), n. [Uncertain.] 1. A person 
stealing ore from the mines in Derbyshire, 
England, and punishable in the barmote or 
miners' court. 2. An officer belonging to the 
Derbyshire mines. 
caver 2 , kaver (kav'er), . A gentle breeze. 
[West coast of Scotland.] 
cavern (kav'ern), n. [= F. caverne = Pr. Sp. 
Pg. It. caverna, < L. caverna, < cavus, hollow: 
see cave 1 , n."] A large natural cavity under the 
surface of the earth; a cave ; a den. 
Where wilt thou find a cavern dark enough 
To mask thy monstrous visage? Shak., J. C., U. 1. 
The oracular caverns of darkness. 
Longfellow, Evangeline, ii. 3. 
cavern (kav'ern), . t. [< cavern, n."\ To hollow 
out ; form like a cave by excavating : with out. 
But I find the gayest castles in the air that were ever 
piled far better for comfort and for use than the dungeons 
in the air that are daily dug and caverned out by grum- 
bling, discontented people. 
Emerson, Considerations by the Way. 
cavernalt (kav'er-nal), a. [< cavern + -al.] 
Cavernous. Falter. " 
caverned (kav'ernd), a. [< cavern, n., + -erf 2 .] 
1 . Full of caverns or deep chasms ; having cav- 
erns; formed like a cavern: as, "the cavern'd 
ground," Philips. 
Beneath the caverned cliff they fall. 
Scott, Marmion, vi. 19. 
2. Inhabiting or found in a cavern: as, "cav- 
ern'd hermit," Pope, Essay on Man, iv. 42; 
"caverned gems," Hemans, A Tale of the Four- 
teenth Century. 
cavernicolous (kav-er-nik'o-lus), a. [< L. ca- 
verna, cavern, + colere, dwell in, inhabit.] In- 
habiting caverns; dwelling in caves. 
cavernose (kav'er-nos), a. Same as cavernous. 
M. C. Cooke. 
cavernous (kav'er-nus). a. [= F. caverneux = 
Pr. cavernos = Sp. Pg. It. cavernoso, < L. caver- 
nosus, < caverna, a cavern.] 1. Formed into a 
cavern or caverns ; containing caverns ; hence, 
deeply hollowed out; deep-set: as, cavernous 
mountains or rocks ; cavernous eyes. 2. Filled 
with small cavities, as a sponge; reticulated; 
honeycombed. Applied in anatomy to vessels or vas- 
cular structures in which the blood-vessels are traversed 
by numerous trabeculse dividing them up, or in which 
they form frequent and close anastomoses with one an- 
other. In either case a structure of sponge-like texture 
is produced. Cavernous bodies (corpora cavernosa), 
the highly vascular and nervous fibrocellular structures 
which compose the greater part of the erectile tissue of 
the penis and of the clitoris, the rest being known as the 
spongy body. Cavernous groove, in anat., the carotid 
groove (which see, under carotid}. Cavernous nerves, 
nerves coming from the prostatic plexus, and distributed 
to the erectile or cavernous tissue of the penis. Cavern- 
ous rale, a gurgling rale sometimes heard in auscultation 
over a pulmonary cavity of considerable size, especially in 
inspiration, when the cavity is partly filled with liquid, 
through which the air bubbles as it enters. Cavernous 
cavicorn 
respiration, the respiratory sounds sometimes heard in 
auscultation over a cavity in a lung. The inspiration is 
blowing, neither vesicular nor tubular in quality, and 
lower in pitch than tubular breathing; the expiration is 
of the same quality as the inspiration, but lower in pitch. 
Cavernous sinus, a venous sinus of the cranial cavity, 
lying on thu side of the body of the sphenoid bone. It re- 
ceives tlie ophthalmic vein in front, and communicates 
with the cavernous sinus of the other side through the 
transverse and circular sinuses. Cavernous texture, 
in geol., that texture of aggregated compound rocks which 
is characterized by the presence of uunimms small cavi- 
ties, as in lava. Cavernous tissue, the substance of 
the cavernous bodies of the penis and clitoris. Cavern- 
ous whisper, in auscultation, whispering resonance as 
modified by transmission through a cavity, characterized 
by a non-tubular blowing quality of low ]jitcli. 
Cayernularidae (kav"er-nu-lar'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Cai'ri'iiiilaria, the typical genus (< L. 
nirt-niula (see cavernule) + -ari/i), + -<>/-.] A 
family of veretillous pennatuloid polyps with 
long calcareous bodies. 
cayernule (kav'er -mil), . [< L. carermtla, 
dim. of caverna, a cavern.] A small cavity. 
cavernulous (ka-ver'nu-lus), a. [< cavernule 
+ -oiis."] Full of little cavities; alveolar: as, 
i-iin rniiliins metal. 
cavesson, . See cavezon. 
cave-swallow (kav'swol"6), . A West Indian 
swallow, Hiriinilo paeeiloma, which affixes its 
nest of mud to the roofs and walls of caves. 
cave-tiger (kav'ti'ger), . A species of fossil 
tiger or jaguar, Felis spelams, remains of which 
occur in the bone-caves of South America. 
cavetto (ka-vet'o), n. [It., dim. of cavo, hollow : 
see cave 1 , .] 1. In arch., a hollow member, 
or round concave molding, containing at least 
the quadrant of a circle, used in cornices, be- 
tween the tori of bases, etc. 2. In decorative 
art, a hollow or recessed pattern : the reverse 
of relief and rilievo In cavetto, said of any design 
stamped or impressed, and differing from iutafflio in not 
being incised as with a sharp instrument. Thus, a design 
impressed in tiles, clay, or plaster is properly said to be 
in cavetto. The field may also be recessed, with a device 
in relief upon it, as in the style of work known as cavo- 
rilievo ; in this case the field is said to be in cavetto. 
A design in relief was impressed upon them, leaving the 
ornamental pattern in cavetto. 
C. T. Davi, Bricks and Tiles, p. 412. 
cavey, . See cone 1 . 
cavezon, cavesson (kav'e-zon, -son), . [For- 
merly also cavasson ; < F. cavesson, cavcyon, < It. 
carezzone, aug. of cavezza, a halter, = OF. che- 
rece, neck, = Pr. cabeissa, wig, = Sp. cabeza = Pg. 
cabeqa, head, < L. caput, head: see caput, and 
cf. cabeca."] A sort of nose-band of iron, leather, 
or wood, sometimes flat and sometimes hollow 
or twisted, which is put on the nose of a horse 
to wring it, in order to facilitate breaking him. 
Also called causson. 
Cavia (ka'vi-a), n. [NL. and Pg., from native 
Indian name, > E. cary.] The typical genus of 
the family Caviida; and subfamily Caviince, con- 
taining the cavies proper, as the guinea-pig. 
See cavy, Caviidce. 
cayian (ka'vi-an). a. and n. [= F. cavien ; < Ca- 
via + -an.] 1. a. Pertaining to or having the 
characters of the genus Carj'a or the family 
Cuviidce. 
II. . One of the cavies ; a caviid. 
caviar, caviare (kav-i-ar'or ka-ver'), n. [Also 
formerly caviary ; = D. kaviaar = G. Dan. Sw. 
kaviar, < F. caviar, formerly cavial, < It. cariale, 
formerly also eaviaro, = Sp. caviar, caviar, ca- 
bial, sausage made with caviar, = Pg. caviar, 
cavial, caviar (ML. cariarium, NGr. naftiapt), 
< Turk, havydr, caviar ; said to be of Tatar ori- 
gin. The Russ. name is ikra.] A preparation 
for the table of the roe of certain large fish pre- 
served by salting. The best is made from the roes of 
the sterlet, sturgeon, sevruga, and beluga, caught in the 
lakes and rivers of Russia. Caviar was regarded as a deli- 
cacy too refined to be appreciated by the vulgar taste ; 
hence Shakspere's application of the word to a play which 
the vulgar could not relish. 
'Twas caviare to the general. Shak., Hamlet, ii. 2. 
A pill of caviary now and then, 
Which breeds choler adust. 
Fletcher (and another), Love's Cure, iii. 2. 
The eggs of a sturgeon, being salted, and made up into 
a mass,, were first brought from Constantinople by the 
Italians' and called caviare. N. Grew, Museum. 
Hark ye '. a rasher of bacon, on thy life '. and some pick- 
led sturgeon, and soure krcut and caviar, and good strong 
cheese. Landor, Peter the Great. 
caviary t, n. Same as caviar. 
cavicorn (kav'i-korn), a. and . [< NL. cavi- 
cornis, < L. cavus, hollow (see cave 1 ), + cornu 
= E. ltorn.~\ I. a. Hollow-horned, as a rumi- 
nant ; specifically, of or pertaining to the Cavi- 
cornia. 
II. . A hollow-horned ruminant; specifi- 
cally, one of the Cavicornia. 
