Oavicornia 
Oavicornia (kav-i-kdr'ni-S), n. pi. [NT,. (Illi- 
ger, 1811), neut. pi. of cavicornis : see <-<iri 
corn.] The hollow-horned ruminants consid- 
ered as a family or other zoological group f 
mammals, contrasting with the solid-horned 
ruminants, or deer, Cervirte. The Camcomin are 
the oxen, sheep, goats, and antelopes ; an. I till- group l 
exactly conterminous with llnriilir ill the now current ex- 
tended sense of the latter term. The horns are perma- 
nent and two or four in number, appear in hi'th sexes or 
in the male only, anil consist of a Hheath of horn upon a 
bony core formed by a process of the frontal bone. The 
pronghorn of North America, .l/i/iVncn/"'" '/..,/,,/. i, 
anomalous, having horns of this description anil bciirj 
thus truly cavirorn, yet shedding its horns annually like 
a deer. 
Cavidae (kav'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < Gavin + -'". ] 
Same as Gaviulie. 
cayie 1 , cavey (ka'vi), . [Sc., = D. kerie = G. 
kiijiij, kiij'i; ()H(r. cAmn,< ML. ctiria for L. riii-i-ii. 
a cage, a cave : see can ' mid caije.'] A hencoop. 
Aliint the eliicken iw ( v. linrna. Jolly Beggars. 
cavie" (ka'vi), v. i. ; pret. and pp. ctirinl, ppr. rn- 
ryiny. [8c. : see rare 2 .] 1 . To rear or prance, 
as a horse. 2. To toss the head, or to walk 
with an airy and affected step. Jnmit'xmi. See 
mi'/'", r. t., '2. 
caviid (kav'i-id), . A rodent of the family 
Cnriid/i'. 
Caviidae (ka-vi'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Carlo + 
-iVfVr.j A family of hystricomorphic simplici- 
deut mammals, of the order Jtodentia or Glires, 
peculiar to South America ; the cavies. KX.-IU.I 
ing the capibara as type of a separate family lliiili-urlni'i-i- 
dVe, the Caviiilir are characterized by comparatively short 
incisors and by other dental ami cranial peculiarities, im- 
perfect clavicles (commonly said to be wanting), very short 
or rudimentary tail, uncleft upper lip, anil 4-toed fore 
feet and 3-toed hind feet, both ending in somewhat hoof- 
like claws. The leading genera are Cavia and Duli'-tn //... 
See cai'tt. Also, less correctly, Camadce, Camdte. 
Caviinae (kav-i-i'ne), . pi. [NL., < Carin + 
-/''.] The typical subfamily of the family 
Caviidai, containing the cavies proper, when 
the giant cavy or capibara is retained in the 
family : equivalent to Camillas without the ge- 
nus Hydrochoervs. 
caviine (kav'i-in), a. Of or pertaining to the 
cavies or Caviidw. 
cavil 1 , . See cavel 1 . 
cavil 2 , . See care/2. 
cavil 3 (kav'il), '. ; pret. and pp. caviled or cav- 
illed, ppr. caviling or cavilling. [< OF. cavil- 
ler = Sp. earilar = Pg. cavillar = It. cavillare, 
< L. cavillari, jeer, mock, quibble, cavil, < ca- 
villa, also eavillum, a jeering, scoffing.] I. iii- 
trans. To raise captious and frivolous objec- 
tions; find fault without good reason; carp: 
frequently followed by at. 
But In the way of bargain, mark ye me, 
I'll cavil on the ninth part of a hair. 
Shak., IHen. IV., Hi. 1. 
Let's fight it out, and not stand cavilling thus. 
SAai.,8Heu. VI., i. 1. 
He says much that many may dispute, 
And cavil at with ease, hut none refute. 
Cowper, Truth. 
Il.t trans. To receive or treat with objec- 
tions ; find fault with. 
Wilt thou enjoy the good, 
Then cavil the conditions? Milton, P. L., x. 759. 
cavil 3 (kav'il), n. [< caviP, v. Cf. L. cavilla, 
n.] A captious or frivolous objection; an ex- 
ception taken for the sake of argument ; a carp- 
ing argument. 
That's but a cavil; he is old, I young. 
Shak., T. of the S., 11. 1. 
The cavils of prejudice and unbelief. Smith. 
I cannot enlarge on every point which brings convic- 
tion to my own mind, nor answer at length every cavil or 
even every serious argument. 
E. A. Freeman, Amer. Lects., p. 131. 
caviler, caviller (kav'il-er), . One who cav- 
ils; one who is apt to raise captious objec- 
tions ; a carping disputant. 
Socrates held all philosophers mrilfn and madmen. 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 167. 
The candour which Horace shows is that which distin- 
guishes a critick from a caviller. Addition, Guardian. 
caviling, cavilling (kav'il-ing), . [Verbal n. 
of cavitv, v.] The act of raising captious and 
frivolous objections; an objection of a cap- 
tious nature: as, "cavillings and menacings," 
Jer. Taylor (?), Artif. Handsomeness, p. 66. 
caviling, cavilling (kav'il-ing), p. a. [Ppr. of 
ran'/ 3 , t'.] Eaising frivolous objections ; fault- 
finding. = Syn. Carping, etc. See captiou*. 
cavilingly, cavillingly (kav'il-iug-li), adv. In 
n caviling manner. 
cavillationt (kav-i-la ' shon), . [ME. cavilla- 
cioun, eavilacion, < OF. cavillacion, eavillation = 
F. cacillation = Pr. cavilhatio = Sp. eavilacion 
873 
= Pg. rnrilliiriiii = It. {iiril/ii.:ii>iii, < I,, rnrilln- 
ti<>( >!-),(. curilltiri. j>p. I'liri/liiliix : SIM- i-ni-H*, r.\ 
The act or practice of caviling or raising cap- 
tious objections ; a caviling or quibbling ob- 
jection or criticism. 
U ithonten fnuide or i-irri!lil'->""n. 
cliiu/i-i-i-, SunmMucr's Talc, 1. 4'J,s. 
Who should doe thus. 1 cnuic--, . sh'iiihl requite tin ,,K 
iections made against I'oets. uith llki <-<nii(l<ttiiiiix against 
I'hilosopllen. Sir /'. Xiilllfll, Apol. for I'oelhe. 
Parma ML-uitieil his ei.nsent to make use of that treaty 
a* a hasis, " provided aluays it were interpreted healthily. 
ami imt di-.l"cated l,v i-iii-illnliiiii^ ami sinister interpret:! 
lions." M',1/,-,1. Hutch lie-public, III. 42ci. 
caviller, cavilling, etc. See caviler, etc. 
caviloust, cavilloUSt (kav'il-us), n. [< L. mril- 
IKHH, < nn-il/ii : see cavil 3 , .] Captious; apt to 
object or criticize without good reason; quib- 
bling. Ayliffe. [Kare.] 
cavilouslyt,cavillouslyt(kav'il-us-li),flrf'-. In 
a cavilous or carping manner; captiously: as, 
"cavillttuHly urged," Milton, Art. of Peace with 
Irish. [Kare.] 
cavilousnesst, cavillousnesst (kav'il-us-nes), 
H. Captiousness ; disj>osition or aptitude to 
raise frivolous objections. [Rare.] 
cavin(kav'in), H. [< F. cavin, < care, < L. cavus, 
hollow: see earel, cai/r.'] Milit., a hollow way 
or natural hollow, adapted to cover troops and 
facilitate their approach to a pl;ic<'. 
caving-rake (ka'ving-rak), w. [< tariug-s + 
rake.] In n</ri., a rake for separating the chaff 
or cavings from grain spread out on a barn- 
floor or a threshing-floor. [Prov. Eug.] 
cavings (ka'vingz), n. ]>l. [PI. of caring, verbal 
n. of rnre' 2 , p.] The short broken straw sepa- 
rated from threshed grain by means of the ca- 
ving- or barn-rake ; chaff. [Prov. Eng.] 
cavinna-WOOd (ka-vin'a-wud), . A species of 
rosewood obtained from Ualbergia nigra, a tall 
leguminous tree of Brazil. 
Cavitaria (kav-i-ta'ri-a), n. pi. [NL., neut. 
pi. of " cavitarius : see can'tori/.] In Cuviert 
system of classification, a group of intestinal 
worms, one of the divisions of Entozoa ; the 
Caelflmintha of Owen. See cavitary, a., 2. 
cavitary (kav'i-ta-ri), a. and . [< NL. *curi- 
turiiis, < L. as if '"caritas: see carity + -r#l.] 
1. a. 1. Hollow; cayal; cavernous; having a 
cavity; specifically, in biol., coalomatous ; of or 
pertaining to the coeloma, or the perivisceral 
space or body-cavity ; having a body-cavity. 
Certain portions of the hollow cavitary system, which 
forms the luemal passages, are converted into contractile 
vessels by the development of muscles in their walls. 
Gegeiibaur, Comp. Anat. (trans.), p. 51. 
2. Having an enteric cavity or intestinal tract ; 
enteric ; intestinal. Formerly specifically applied to 
the cavitaries, or certain intestinal parasitic worms (in- 
testinal in the sense of having an intestine of their own, 
not as inhabiting the intestines of other animals), as the 
threadworms or Nematoidea, as distinguished from the 
anenterous worms, as the tapeworms and nukes, which 
have no intestinal cavity. 
II. n. A worm or entozoon haying an in- 
testinal canal in a distinct abdominal cavity ; 
one of the Cavitaria. 
cavitied (kav'i-tid), a. [< cavity + -cd 2 .] Hav- 
ing cavities ; specifically, having an intestinal 
cavity ; cavitary, as the nematoid worms or cav- 
itaries. Owen. 
cavity (kav'i-ti), . ; pi. cavities (-tiz). [< F. 
cavite = Sp. "cai-idad = Pg. cavidade = It. coci- 
tA, < L. as if "cavitas, < cavus, hollow : see cafe 1 .] 
1. A hollow place ; a hollow; a void or empty 
space in a body : as, the abdominal carity; the 
thoracic cavity; the cavity of the mouth. 2f. 
The state of being hollow ; hollowness. 
The cavity or hollowness of the place. 
Goodwin, Works, III. 565. 
Amniotic cavity. See amniatic. Arachnoid cavity, 
an old name for the sulxl ural space. Axial cavity, bran- 
chial cavity, buccal cavity. See the adjectives. 
Cleavage cavity. See clramnf. Consonating cavi- 
ties. See rmumtating. Digital cavity, hemal cavity, 
medullary cavity, etc. See the adjectives. 
Cavolinia (kav-o-lin'i-a), n. [NL., < Carolini, 
an Italian naturalist.] The typical genus of 
the family Caroliniidee : sy- 
nonymous with Hyaltea. C. 
tritlrnttitii is an example. 
cavoliniid (kav-o-lin'i-id), n. 
A pteropod of the family 
Cavoliniidte. 
Cavoliniidae (kav " o - li - ni ' i - 
de), n. pi. [NL. (iJ'Orbigny, 
1842), < CaVOHnia + -lW<r.] Cavolinia trOmtata. 
A family of thecosomatous 
pteropods with large lobate fins, an abdominal 
branchial pouch, no operculigerous lobe, three 
rows of teeth, the lateral unciform, and an 
Cazton 
inopcrculate non-spiral symmetrical shell: sy- 
nuMyinoUH with 1/yn/n-nlir. 
Cavolinite (kav-6-lf''iiit), . ['nr<>lini,&n Ital- 
, . 
ian nntiinilist. 4- -ill-. ] Saiiii' ;is 
aVO-rilievo (kii'vo-re-lya'vo), n. [It., < i-i 
hollow, + rilirrii, rolit-f : seo ran- 1 und rdief. Cf . 
/i/n 
[It., 
iitto-rilii-ro, liniuai-riliiro, /ins-relief.] In scnl/i., 
a kind of relief in which the highest surface is 
level with the plane of the original >l OMI-, which 
is left around the outlines of the design, sculp- 
ture of this kind is much employed in the d> o.nition of 
the \valls of Kgyptiaa temples. .\ls<. ulitten ,<.. / 
and also called coVr///^.// <//./-" . r'f^tin-^. 
I'orphyritirinon.ilitli^ skilfully tilled in i-<ir<i.,vlirni with 
symbolic groujw. KIII-IIC.. Ann-r., I. -!\. 
cavort (ka-vort'), r. i. [Said to be a corrupt ion 
of i-in-ri't.] 1. To curvet; prance about: sai.l 
of a horse. Hence 2. To bustle about nim- 
bly or eagerly : said of a person. [Amer. slang.] 
They |the soldiers] have i-<ir<, ,!'! around the suburbs III 
sulticient numbers to pillage with impunity. 
l;i,'li,,ii,nil l>i*iaili'li, copied in N. V. Herald, June '.I, 1!2. 
cayum(ka'vum), . ; pi. cara (-vft). [L., neut. 
ol 'i iirim, hollow: seecuw 1 .] In mint., a hollow; 
the cavity of any organ : chiefly used with ref- 
erence to the cavities or sinuses of the heart, 
with a Latin adjective. 
In all Keptllia, except crocodiles, there is lint one ven- 
tricular cavity [of the heart), though it maybe divided 
more or less distinctly into a rartnn Wrtojwwi and a camtitt 
nrteriHKUm. . . . The aortic arches and the pulmonary 
artery all arise from the i-iin/ui i-i-iinniint, or a special sub 
division of that cavity called the cavum jnthiicmale. 
Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 88. 
cavy (ka'vi), .; pi. caries (-viz). {Bee Cada.] 
A rodent of the genus Cavia or family Caviidie. 
There are several species, of which the guinea-pig, C. do- 
baya, is the best known. Giant cavy, or water-cavy, 
the capibara (which see). -Mountain cavy. ('aria /.//,. 
enjtin. Fatagonlan cavy, or inai-a, Itiilicniitix }Hitacho- 
niea. Restless cavy, I'ariu /-mi. Rock-cavy, Cavia 
rujie/ttrijt, of Brazil. Southern cavy, Caeia avxlrali*. 
caw 1 , kaw (ka), v. i. [Formerly also kaa; imi- 
tative of the sound. Similar imitative forms 
occur in many and diverse languages to ex- 
press the cry of or as a name for the crow and 
other corvine birds. Cf . croak, and see caddow, 
coe 1 , chough, and daw 2 .'] To cry like a crow, 
rook, raven, or jackdaw. 
Like a jackdaw, that when he lights upon 
A dainty morsel, kaa> and makes his brag. 
Chapman, All Fools, til. 1. 
The building rook 'ill caw from the windy tall elm-tree, 
And the tufted plover pipe along the fallow lea. 
TenmiKon, May Queen, ii. 
caw 1 , kaw (ka), n. [< caw 1 , kaif, r.] The cry 
of the crow, rook, raven, or jackdaw. 
caw 2 (ka), v. t. [Sc., = on 2 .] To drive: as, to 
caw a nail ; to eair cattle to market. Often ab- 
breviated to ca'. [Scotch.] To caw one's hogs 
to tile hill, to snore. 
cawass, . See cavass. 
cawchiet, An obsolete form of causeway. 
cawf, . See caw/. 
cawk, . See eauk 1 , 1. 
cawker (ka'ker), n. Same as calk 3 . 
cawky, a. See eaitky. 
cawlt, . An old spelling of caul 1 . 
cawney, cawny (ka'ni), . [E. Ind.] A mea- 
sure of land used in some parts of India, and 
varying slightly according to locality. In the 
Madras presidency it is equal to 1.322 acres. 
cawquaw (ka'kwa), w. [Amer. Ind. name.] 
The urson, or Canadian porcupine, Erethizon 
dorsatum, whose spines are often used for or- 
namentation by the Indians. Its chief food consists 
of living bark, which it strips from the branches as cleanly 
as if a sharp knife had been used. It begins with the high- 
est branches and eats its way regularly down. One caw- 
quaw will destroy a hundred trees in a single season. See 
cut tinder itomiirine. 
caxo, caxon ' (kak'so, -son), . [< Sp. cajon, for- 
merly caxon, a chest (= Pg. caixffo = F. cais- 
son = It. cannoiie: see caimton and caxsoon), aug. 
of eay'n, formerly co-a = Pg. caira, a chest. = 
E. cane' 2 , q. v.] A chest of burnt and ground 
ores. McElrath, Com. Diet. 
caxon 2 (kak'son), . [Origin obscure.] An old 
cant term for a wig. 
He had two wigs, both pedantic, but of different omen. 
The one serene, smiling, fresh powdered, betokening a 
mild day. The other, an old, discoloured, unkempt, angry 
caxon, denoting frequent and bloody execution. 
Lamb, Christ's Hospital. 
Cazton (kaks'tou), n. The name applied to any 
book printed by William Caxton (died 1491 or 
1492), originally an English merchant in the 
Netherlands, who in advanced age learned the 
art of printing and introduced it into England. 
The Caxtons are all In black-letter. The Recuyell of the 
Historyesof Trove," translated from the French and print- 
ed by Caxton either at Bruges or Cologne, probably in 1474, 
