Cephalobranchia 
, head, + ,V'J .I. gi">*-] An order of 
Aitiitlirlii with cephalic branchiae, including the 
sedentary or tnbicolous polychcetons annelids. 
Tliry a rr worm-like marine aofimUS, fur the most p:u I pro 
tected by u tube ; have distinct se\e> and a Mgmanted 
body; respire by branehia; situated on or iiuar tli. hea.l . 
and undergo matamorphoslB, the embryo hcinj; free swim 
iniux ami riliate. Tin- tubes art- usually IMMttd by the 
animal^ themselves, and in some cases have been mi>- 
tiiki-n for the shells nt inollusks; they may be either ealca 
reons or membranous, or composed of grains of sand ag- 
glutinated together, and an- either free or adherent to 
some lixe.t lorri-ii bnilv, tint not organically attached to 
the animals inhabiting them. To tliis order belong siirti 
families as AmiiliMi-iiiiln; TfivlK'Hiiln-. Xnl-IHilir, and ,SVi-- 
pulidte. Also railed t'ii/>itil-nn<-lii'i. t'/ifit Hiriittt-hiata, 
('iiiiitiiin-tini-tii'i, CtepftofrnuuMitei see s<-<l<//fitriu ami 
Tubicolce. 
cephalobranchiate (sef'a-lo-brang'ki-at), o. 
K Gr. ktifii'/,/, head, + (i/myxia, gills, + -/'.) 
Having tufts of external gills on or near the 
head ; specifically, of or pertaining to thod-plia- 
lohranchia. Also capitibranchiate, capitobran- 
chiate. 
cephalocaudal (sef 'a-16-ka'dal), a. [< Gr. KC- 
tya'/ii, liead, + L. cauda, the tail, + -al.] In 
mint., same as cephalocercal. 
cephalocele (sef 'a-lo-sel), n. [< Or. Kt^n'At/, head, 
+ tdfhi, tuinor.] In patliol., the protrusion of 
more or less of the cranial contents through an 
abnormal opening in the cranial walls ; hernia 
of the brain. 
cephalocercal (sef'a-16-ser'kal), a. [< Gr. nr- 
0a/U/, head, + K(/>KO<;, tail, + -ill.] In anat., ex- 
tending from head to tail : applied to the long 
axis of the body. Also cephalocaudal. 
cephalochord (sef'a-lo-kord), n. [< Gr. Kefalt/, 
head, + xl"ty, string, cord, chord.] In em- 
bryol., the cephalic or intracranial portion of 
the chorda dorsalis of the embryo : correlated 
with notochord and urochord. 
Gephalochorda (sef *a-lo-k6r'da), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. xeijtaA!/, head, + xC^'/t string, cord, chord.] 
A name given by E. R. Lankester to the lance- 
lets (Amphioxus) considered as a prime divi- 
sion of Vertebrata, contrasted on one hand with 
Urochorda (tunicates or ascidians), on another 
with Hemichorda (acorn-worms), and also with 
Craniota (all other vertebrates collectively). 
cephalochordal (sef'a-lo-kor'dal), a. [< ceph- 
alochord + -al.] 1. Of or pertaining to the 
cephalochord. 2. Of or pertaining to the Cc- 
phalochorda. 
cephalocone (sef'a-lo-kon), n. Same as cepha- 
liii-on us. 
cephaloconi,.". Plural of cephaloconus. 
cephaloconic (sef"a-lo-kon'ik), o. [< cephalo- 
cone + -ic.] Of or pertaining to a cephaloconus. 
cephaloconus (sefa-lo-kd'nus), n. ; pi. cepha- 
loconi (-ni). [NL.. < Gr. K0aX#, head, + Kovof, 
a wedge, cone.] In pteropods, a process on 
the head in addition to the superior tentacles. 
Also cephalocone. 
cephalodia, n. Plural of cephalodium. 
cephalodiiferous (sef-a-16-di-if' e-ms), a. [< NL. 
cephalodium + L. ferre = E. bear^.] Bearing 
cephalodia. 
cephalodine (sef-a-16'din), a. [< Gr. Ketj>aM>6tK, 
like a head (see cephalodium), + -!.] In hot., 
forming a head. K. Browne. 
cephalodium (sef-a-16'di-um), n. ; pi. cephalo- 
dia (-). [NL., < 'Gr. nfaUr(, like a head, < 
xc<t>aAi/, head, 4- <!of, form.] In hot., an orbicu- 
lar granular concretion which occurs on the 
thallus of lichens, and in which gonidia are 
localized. 
cephalodynia (sef'a-lo-din'i-a), n. [NL., < Gr. 
nett>a).>t, head, + i>6ivi) { pain.] In pathol., pain in 
the head ; cephalalgia ; myalgia in the muscles 
of the head. 
cephalogenesis (sefa-lo-jen'e-sis), n. [NL., < 
Gr. K<t>a/.i/, head, + ytvtaif, generation.] Thefor- 
mation or development of the head or brain. 
cephalogenetic (sef*a-lo-je-net'ik), a. [< cepha- 
logenesin, after genetic.] Pertaining to or of the 
nature of cephalogenesis. 
cephalography (sef-a-log'ra-fl), n. [< Gr. KC- 
<t>a>.ri, head, -f -ypaifiia, < ypd<j>eiv, write.] A de- 
scription of the head. Dunglison. 
cephalohematoma (sef'a-lo-hem-a-to'ma), n. ; 
pi. cfiilniloln'inalomata (-ma-ta). Same as cc- 
891 
cephalohumeralis (sef'a-16-hu-me-ra'liK), . ; 
pi. I'l'/iliii/ii/iHiHfriilc.i (-lez). [NL., adj. as n.: 
see i i i'i>hnli>humrral.'} In mint., a large muscle 
of some animals, as the horse, representing I lie 
clavicular portions of the human sternocleido- 
mastoid ami deltoid combined, 
cephaloid (sef'a-loid), a. [= !'. i-i'iilmlmde = 
Sp. I'lJ'iilonlfii, < (.ir. /if^aXot((!>;<;, < ntfyafii, bead, + 
">', form.] Shapedlikeorresemblingthehead. 
Cephaloidse (sef-a-16'i-de), n.fil. [NL.,< ('I'/i/ni- 
IIKIII + -iilu-.] A family of heteromerous Cnli-- 
o/i/i-ra with the anterior coxal cavities open be- 
hind, and the head strongly constricted at the 
base, prolonged behind, and gradually nar- 
rowed. 
cephalology (sef-a-lol'o-ji), . [< Gr. ne^aM/, 
head, + -t.oyia, < fayeiv, speak : see -ology.] A 
treatise on the head. 
Cephalolophus (sef-a-lol'o-fus), n. Same as 
cephalopodous 
Cephalophora (sef-ii-]of'<i-rii), . /;/. [NL., 
neut. |>i. of ri-/iiiii/iiiii,ni -HX: sci- eephahphoroHt.] 
1. A division of mollusks, Inotndmg tilOM whie 
have a head: synonymoiiK with ('i^linl/iln. l>< 
I'.lni iirilli-. 1817. 2. One of the three classes 
of Motluisra, the other two being An /ilinli/ ami 
<'i l>lit:li i/, nilii. It is divided into the subclasses 
SeapMopodO, (Instm/milii, and I'ti rn/Miila. 
cephalophoran (sef-ii-lof'o-ranj, H. and (i. I. . 
A member of the I Vyi/m/o/i/io/ . 
II. n. Same .-is /, /ilmlti/i/mrou.*. 
cephalophore (se-fal'o-for), . [< NL. Cephalo- 
/iliiii-n. 1 A ccphalophoran. 
cephalophorous (sef-a-lof'o-nis), a. [< XL. 
oiphalopkonu, < (ir. MO//}, head, + -^6/Mf, < 
Qe/u-iv = E. bear*.] 1. Having a head, as a 
cephalate mollusk. 2. Pertaining to or having 
the characters of the 
cephalohumeral (sefa-lo-hu'me-ral), a. and 
H. [< NL. />ii/iiil,,liumeralis, < Gr. Kf^a^^, head, 
+ L. hitmcnix, prop, umrrus, the humerus.] I. 
<i. Connecting the head with the fore limb : as, 
the cephnliilinmi-nri muscle. 
II. H. A muscle of some animals connecting 
the skull with the fore limb ; the cephalohu- 
meralis. 
eephaloma (sef-a-16'ma), .; pi. cephalomata 
(-ma-tfi.). [NL. (from its resemblance to brain- 
substance), < Gr. Keqa'f.i], head, 4- -oma.] Inpa- 
thol., a soft carcinoma. 
cephalomeuingitis (sef'a-16-men-in-ji'tig), . 
[NL.,< Gr. ne<t>a'/.i/, head, 4 1 NL. meningitis, q. v.] 
In pathol., inflammation of the membranes of 
the brain: distinguished from x/iiiml an nim/i/i^. 
cephalometer (sef-a-lom'e-tei 1 ), n. [< Gr. - 
<pa't.>l, head, + fif-rpov, a measure.] 1. An in- 
strument formerly used for measuring the fetal 
head during parturition. 2. An instrument 
for measuring the various angles of the skull ; 
a cranioineter. 
cephalometric (sefa-16-met'rik), o. [< cepha- 
lometry + -ic.] Pertaining to cephalometry. 
cephalometry (sef-a-lom'e-tri), , [= F. cepha- 
fametrie: see cephalometer.] Measurement of 
the head or skull ; craniometry. 
Cephalonian (sef-a-16'ni-an), a. and n. I. a. 
Of or pertaining to Cephalonia (the ancient 
Cephallenia), the largest of the Ionian islands, 
now belonging to the kingdom of Greece. 
II. . A native or an inhabitant of Cepha- 
lonia. 
cephalonomancy (sef-a-lon'o-man-si), n. [< Gr. 
Kefya'/.i}, head, + ovof, an ass, + [tavreia, divina- 
tion. ] A kind of divination formerly practised 
in detecting guilt. Lighted coals having been placed 
on the head of an ass, prayers were recited, and the names 
of suspected persons pronounced at random. The one 
whose name happened to he called at the moment that the 
ass brayed with pain was presumed to be guilty. 
cephalont (sef 'a-lont), n. [< Gr. KC^KI/J?, head, + 
uv (OVT-), being, ppr. of chat, be : see CHS and 
be 1 .] In xool., the phase or stage of a septate 
or dicystidan gregarine in whicn the anterior 
cyst or protomente bears an epimerite: the 
opposite condition is called sporont. 
Cephaloon (sef-a-16'on), . [NL. (Newman, 
1838), < Gr. Ke^aij/, head, + uav = L. ovum, an 
egg.] The typical genus of the family Cepha- 
loidce. 
cephalo-orbital (sef // a-16-6r'bi-tal), a. In 
anat., of or pertaining to the head and to the 
orbits. cephalo-orbital index, the ratio of the cu- 
bic contents of the two orbits taken together to the cubic 
contents of the cranial cavity multiplied by 100. 
Cephalopeltinat (sef'a-lo-pel-ti'na), n. pi. 
[NL., < Cephalopeltis + -ina 2 .] A group of am- 
phisbsenians, typified by the genus Cephalopel- 
tis, named by Gray for species having the head 
depressed and covered above by a flat and 
slender nail-like shield, either simple or trans- 
versely divided. It included a few African and 
South American species. 
Cephalopeltis (sefa-lo-pel'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Kc^a/.//, head, + -ire^-n/, a shield.] The typical 
genus of Cephalopeltina, including amphisbae- 
nians with a shield-like plate on the head. 
cephalopharyngeal (sef "a-16-fa-rin' je-al), a. 
[As cephalopharyngt-us + -al.] In anat., per- 
taining to the head or skull and to the pha- 
rynx : as, a cephalopharyngeal muscle. 
cephalopharyngeus (sef*a-ld-fa-rm'je-us), n. ; 
pi. cephalopharyngii (-ji-i). [NL"v < Gr. K&paAq, 
head, + ^d/wyf, pharynx.] 1. The superior con- 
strictor of the pharynx. 2. A muscle, occa- 
sionally found in man, springing from the base 
of the skull, and inserted among the fibers of 
the inferior constrictor of the pharynx. 
Cephalophinse (sef'a-lo-fi'ne), n. pi. [NL., < 
Cephalophus + -ina.] A subfamily of African 
antelopes, represented chiefly by the genus Ce- 
phalophus. 
cephalophine (se-fal'o-fin), a. Tufted on the 
poll, as an antelope ; specifically, pertaining to 
or having the characters of the Cephalophitue. 
TbciT arc various reasons for supposing that this ances- 
try |of the UunelHbranch] is to be found in tbe stock of the 
r. {,!,"!< >i,Iti,i-nil* Illollltsca. 
BM. Lab. qfjohiw llopkini, III. 37. 
Also cenhaloplioi-ini. 
cephalophragm (se-fal'o-fram), n. [< NL. ce- 
liliii/ojilii-iti/iiiii. < (jr. KtifML/ii, head, + <p/My/ia, divi- 
sion: see jthragma.] A Y-shaped internal parti- 
tion which divides the head of gome insects, 
as certain orthopterans, into an anterior and a 
posterior chamber. 
cephalophragma (sef *a-lo-frag'mii), n.; pi. 
t->lihi/lii)}li>-(i<)iiiata (-ma-tii). [NL.] Same as 
n /ili<iln/i/irai/m. 
cephalophragmatic (sef'a-lo-frag-niat'ik), a. 
[< cephaloi>liriii/mii(t-) + -ic.] Forming a par- 
tition or diaphragm in the head, as of some in- 
sects; of or pertaining to a cephalophragm. 
Cephalophus (se-fal'6-fus), n. [NL. (Hamilton 
Smith, 1827), contr. from Ce]>haloloplntii ; so 
called from the tuft of hair on the head ; < Gr. 
ne<j>a%j/, head, + /ixtyof, a crest.] An extensive 
genus of African antelopes, with short conical 
Duyker, or Impoon (Ctfttalofttm mereens). 
horns set far back, a large muzzle, and a crest- 
ed poll. It contains such species as the duyker or Im- 
poon, C. mergent; the roodebok or redbuck, C. natalen- 
nt; and the philantomba, coquetoon, and many others, 
which are much hunted for their hides and flesh. Also 
written more correctly Cephalolophiu, and incorrectly Ce- 
phalnpiut. 
cephalopod(sef'a-lo-pod or se-fal'o-pod), a. and 
n. I. a. Pertaining to or resembling the Cepha- 
lopi>da. Also cephalopodan, cephalopodoua. 
II. n. A member of the class Cephalopoda. 
Also cephalopodan, cephalopode. 
Cephalopoda (sef-a-lop'o-da), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. KefaMJ, head, -t- TTOI f (xbti-) = E. foot.] A 
class of the Mollusca, the highest in organiza- 
tion in that division of the animal kingdom, 
characterized by having the organs of prehen- 
sion and locomotion, called tentacles or arms, 
attached to the head. They are divided into two 
sections, TetmbranehMa and Dibrtmchiata. The nauti- 
lus and the fossil genera Orthwxrag, Ammonites, (Jtniia- 
titen, etc., belong to the Tetrabraiichinta, in which the 
animal has an external shell. The dihranchiate group in- 
cludes the argonaut, the octopus or eight-armed cuttlefish, 
and the ten-armed forms, as the calamaries. the fossil be- 
lemnites, etc. The shell is in all these internal, in some 
rudimentary, but the female argonautids develop an egg- 
case as a sort of external papery shell. The fossil Cepha- 
lopoda are multitudinous. See cuts under Dibranchiata 
and Telrabranchiata. 
cephalopodan (sef-a-lop'o-dan), o. and n. [< 
Cephalopoda + -an."] Same as cephalopod and 
cephalopodous. 
cephalopode (sef'a-lo-pod or se-fal'o-pod), n. 
Same as cephalopod. 
cephalopooic (sef'a-lo-pod'ik), a. [< cephalo- 
jxiil + -ic.] Same as cephalopod. 
cephalopodous (sef-a-lop'o-dus), o. Pertaining 
to or having the characters of the Cephalopoda. 
The apparent resemblances between the cephalopodous 
and the vertebrate eye are merely superficial and disap- 
pear on detailed comparison, llmlt'ii. Anat. Invert., p. 452. 
