Ceratiidse 
891 
Ctratium tripos, 
greatly magnified. 
Ceratiidas (ser-a-ti'i-de), n.pl. [NL.,< Ccrntias ordinary siliqua of the Crueiferte, but without 
+ -i(lii'.] In Gill's system of classification, a fain- a septum, and having the lobes of the stigma 
ily of pediculate fishes, with the branchial aper- alternate with the placentae, as in Corydalis. 
tures in or behind the inferior axillte of the 2. [cap.~\ A genus of flagel- 
pectoral tins, the anterior dorsal rays superior, late infusorians, related to 
mouth opening more or less upward, lower jaw 1'cridinium, by some refer- 
gcnorally projecting beyond or closing in front red to a family J'eridiniidce. 
C. tripos is an example: so 
called from the three pro- 
cesses besides the flagel- 
lum. F. von Paula Schrank, 
1793. 
cerato-. [NL., etc., also 
by contr. cera-, cerao-, cero- 
(and irreg. ceras-, ceri-, ce- 
rio-), in some words also or more commonly 
with initial k, kerato-, etc., before a vowel cerat-, 
cer-, kerat-, < Gr. Keparo- (rarely also Kfpo-), 
combining form of Kepat; (ncpar-), horn, a horn : 
see ceras.] An element in many compound 
words of Greek origin, meaning horn, or a part 
likened to a horn. See the following words, 
ceratoblast (ser'a-to-blast), . [< Gr. icepaf 
(Kepar-), horn, + jifaardf, a germ.] A spongo- 
blast (which see). Also keratoblast. 
The spongoblasts of Schultze, which should, we think, 
be styled keratoblaittn. 
Hyatt, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1884, p. 83. 
Also keratin, Ceratobranchia (ser // a-to-brang'ki-a), n. pi. 
[NL., Gr. likpaq (Kepar-J, horn, + fip6.y X ia, gills.] 
Ceratias holbiilli. 
of the upper, and pseudobrachia with three ac- 
tinosts. It is one of the most characteristic of the deep- 
sea types of fishes, and unusual variation occurs among its 
representatives. 
ceratin, ceratine 3 (ser'a-tin), . [< Gr. Ktpac 
(nepar-), horn, + -/ 2 , -ine 2 .] The proper sub- 
stance of horn or horny tissue ; the organic 
substance of the ceratina, entering largely into 
the composition of epithelial or cuticular struc- 
tures, as horns, hoofs, nails, etc. 
keratine. 
ceratina (se-rat'i-na), n. [NL., < Gr. 
of horn, < nepaf (ntpar-), horn: see ceras.~\ 1. 
In anat., the horn-plate or horn-layer of the 
A group of nudibranchiate opisthobranchiate 
gastropods, having the branchiae cylindrical, 
fusiform, or club-shaped, whence the name. 
Also Cerabranchia. 
skin; the epidermis or cuticle: in the most 
general sense including all epidermal parts or Ceratobranchial (ser"a-to-brang'ki-al), a. and 
structures, as horns, nails, hoofs, claws, etc. [< Gr. xfpac (Kepar-), horn,+ jipdy X ia, gills, + 
-ill."] I. a. Noting the principal and median 
piece of a branchial arch in fishes. 
II. w. If. In Owen's nomenclature of the 
parts of a hyoid bone, that bone which, in ver- 
tebrates below mammals, is borne upon the end 
of the hypobranehial, and, in a bird for instance, 
2. [cap.'] In zool. : (a) A genus of bees, family 
Apidce and subfamily Dasygastrince. C. dupla 
is an example. Latreille, 1804. (6) A genus of 
araehnidans. Menge, 1867. 
ceratine 1 (ser'a-tin), a. [< Gr. Ksp&rivof, of horn, 
< Kepaf (fpar-), horn.] Epidermal j cuticular; 
consisting of or pertaining to ceratina. 
ceratine 2 (ser'a-tin), a. [= F. ceratine, < L. 
forms the terminal portion of the greater cornu 
_________ ____________ , . _. of the hyoid, the hypobranehial and ceratobran- 
ceratina, < Gr. Keparivtif, the name of a sophisti- chial together forming the so-called thyrohyal, 
cal dilemma (the Horns) celebrated among an- which curves up behind the skull, in fishes it 
cient rhetoricians, < nepanvoc. of a horn, < Kcitac contains on its convex margin most of the gill-filaments, 
-), horn. The dilemma is thus stated : """"" " e mOSt ' the "*"" N W Ca ' led 
in Greek, Et n O!>K awtptdec, TOUTO l x eif- Kipara 2 . In later nomenclature, same as the apohyal 
OVK avipatef KipoTB apa l x et f (Diogenes o f gome authors and the hypobranchial of Owen. 
Laertms, 7, 187); m Latin: Quod non perdidisti, ceratobranchiate (ser"a-to-brang'ki-at), a 
habes; corima non perdidisti ; habes igilur cor- [< Ceratobranchia + -afeX]' Of or pertaining 
mm (Gellms, 18, 2, 8) ; that is: What you have t o the Ceratobranchia. 
not lost, you have; you have not lost horns; ceratocele (ser'a-to-sel), n. [< Gr. pac (rpar-), 
therefore you have horns.] Sophistical ; falla- horn, + Ktfl.ti, a tumor.] In pathol., hernia of the 
ly subtle. [Bare.] cornea, or protrusion of the membrane of De- 
ceratme , n. bee ceratm. scemet, with more or less of the inner corneal 
ceratme*t (ser a-tm), a. [Appar. < Li. ceratum, layers, through an opening in the outer corneal 
a wax plaster (see cerate*), + -ie 2 ; or an error layers. Also keratoccle. 
forcenne.] Made of wax. Cotes, 1717. [Eare.] ceratocricoid (ser"a-t6-kri'koid), a. and . [< 
ceratioid (se-rat'i-oid), . andn. [< Ceratias + ceratocrwoideus.} "I. a. In anat., connected 
with the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage 
and with the cricoid ring. 
II. n. An occasional muscle of the human 
larynx, connected with the posterior crico-ary- 
tenoid muscle, passing from the cricoid ring 
to the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage. 
Also keratocricoid. 
ceratocricoideus (ser'a-to-kri-koi'de-us), n. ; 
pi. ceratocricoidei (-i). \Nii., < cerato- + cricoi- 
deus.~\ The ceratocricoid muscle. Also kera- 
-old.'] I. a. Pertaining to or resembling the 
Ceratiidce. 
II. n. One of the Ceratiidce. 
ceratite (ser'a-tlt), . A fossil cephalopod of 
the genus Ceratites. 
Ceratites (ser-a-tl'tez), n. [NL. (Haan, 1825), 
< Gr. ntpaf (ncpar-), horn, + -ites.] 1. A genus 
of fossil tetrabranchiate 
cephalopods, characteris- 
tic of the Triassic forma- 
tion, and typical of the fam- 
ily Ceratitidce. They have de- 
scending lobes ending in a few 
small denticulations pointing 
upward, and evident septa. C. 
nodosus is an example. 
2. A genus of flies, of the 
family Mmcidas. MacLeay, 
1829. 
Oeratitidae (ser-a-tit'i-de), 
n. pi. [NL., < Ceratites, I, 
tocricoideus. 
Ceratoda (ser-a-to'da), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. Kcpa- 
TuSw. see ceratode."] The horny or fibrous 
sponges; the Ceratospongite or Fibrospongias. 
See Ceratoidea. Also written Keratoda. 
Ceratode (ser'a-tod), n. [< Gr. KepartiSr/g, contr. 
of /ccp<zToe%-, horn-like, < nepaf (/ccpar-), horn, + 
fof, form.] The horny or fibrous skeletal sub- 
stance of sponges. Also ceratose, keratode. 
.'., = ,-' - -i-> We have heard that keratode was found in the iuvagina- 
+ -Ma'.] A family of tetrabranchiate cephalo- tions of the ectoderm [of certain sponges], 
pods, typified by the genus Ceratites. The last Hyatt, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1884, p. 82. 
chamber of the shell is short, the lobes are finely denticu- Ceratodidae (ser-a-tod'i-de), n. pi [NL., < 
lated, the denticulations being shallow and subequal, Ccratodu? + -ida> 1 A familv of dirmoflTis or 
and the saddles are generally simple and rounded. The a ~^ , A rl Q 4 V I aipnoans, or 
surface of the shell is ribbed and tuberculated. The spe- SO-called mudfish, characterized by possessing 
cies lived during the Permian and Triassic epochs. but one lung, and so considered to represent a 
ceratitis (ser-a-ti'tis), . [NL., < Gr. ncpaf suborder, Monopn&umona, of the order IHpnoi. 
(KEPO.T-), horn, + -itis. Of. L. ceratitis, < Gr. Also called, more correctly, Ceratodontidw. 
(teporirif, horned poppy.] Inflammation of the ceratodon (se-rat'o-don), n. [NL., < Gr. ntpat 
cornea. Also keratitis. (nepar-), horn, + orfoif (orfovr-) = E. tooth.'] If. 
ceratitoid (se-rat'i-toid), a. [< Ceratites, 1, + An old name of the narwhal : so called from 
-aid.] Resembling or having the characters of the horn-like tusk. 2. {cap."] The genus of 
the Ceratitidce or of Ceratites. narwhals: now called Monodon. Brisson, 1756; 
ceratium (se-ra'shium), n. [NL., < Gr. Kepdnov, Illiger, 1811. 
dim. of Kepof (taper-), horn: see ceras.'] 1. PI. ceratodont (se-rat'o-dont), a. and n. I. a. Hav- 
ceratia (-shia). In bot., a capsule similar to the ing the characters of the Ceratodontidce. 
Ceratoidea 
II. H. A fish of the genus Ceratoditu or family 
Ceratodoiitii/ir, 
ceratodontid (sor"a-to-don'tid), . A fish of 
the family (Jeratodohti'da;. 
Ceratodontidae (ser"a-to-don'ti-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Ccratodus (-odont-) + -idte.] A family 
of dipnoous fishes, represented by the genus 
Ceratodus. See Ceratodidce. 
ceratodous (se-rat'o-dus), a. l< ceratode + 
-os.] Consisting of ceratode; eeratofibrous, 
as the skeleton of a sponge. 
Ceratodus (ser'a-to-dus), n. [NL. (Agassix, 
1838), < Gr. Kfpaf (/vepar-), horn, + orfoff (bSavr-) = 
E. tooth.] The typical genus of the family Cera- 
todontidte: so called from the horn-like ridges 
of the teeth. Ceratwlu* .fonteri is the Imrramunda 
of Australia, sometimes called the native salmon. It is 
from 3 to 6 feet long, and its body is covered with cycloid 
scales. The head is wide and bony, the dorsal and anal fins 
are confluent with the caudal, and the pectoral and ventral 
paddle-like, but pointed at the ends. The dentition is es- 
pecially characteristic ; in each jaw is a lateral molar with 
transverse ridges diverging outward, and in advance of 
the palatal ones are incisor-like teeth. The family is re- 
markable for its antiquity, having survived from the Tri- 
assic and Jurassic periods to the present time. In the 
early aj;es it was widely distributed, but it is now repre- 
sented by only one or two fresh-water species in Australia. 
eeratofibrous (ser"a-to-fi'brus), a. [< Gr. K- 
paf (ntpar-), horn, '+ 'fibrous.] Consisting of 
horny fibers, as the skeleton of most sponges. 
ceratogenous (ser-a-toj'e-nus), a. [< Gr. Kepar 
(Kepar-), horn, + \f *yev: see -genous.] Pro- 
ducing horn or a horny substance: as, cerato- 
genous cells. Also Jceratogenous. 
ceratoglobus (ser"a-to-glo'bus), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Kfpaf (nfpar-), horn, + L. globus, ball.] Same as 
buphthaJmos. 
ceratoglossal (ser"a-to-glos'al), a. and n. [As 
ceratogloss-vs + -at.] I. a. "Pertaining to the 
greater cornu of the hyoid bone and to the 
tongue : specifically said of the ceratoglossus. 
II. n. The ceratoglossus. 
ceratoglossus (ser // a-to-glos'us), n.; pi. cera- 
toglossi (-i). [NL., <! Gr. nepaf (Kcpar-), horn, + 
>/Ux7<7a,the tongue.] In anat., that portion of the 
hyoglossus which arises from the greater cornu 
of the hyoid bone in man. It is sometimes de- 
scribed as a distinct muscle. Albinus. 
ceratohyal (ser"a-to-hi'al), a. and n. [< Gr. 
ntpac; (nepar-), horn, + E. liy(oid) + -al.] I. a. 
In anat., pertaining to or noting (a) certain 
lateral portions of the hyoid skeletal arch; (6) 
the smaller and anterior cornu of the hyoid 
bone in man. 
II. . In anat. : (a) In mammals, including 
man, the lesser cornu of the hyoid bone ; that by 
which the bone is slung to the skull, situated at 
the junction of the greater cornu or thyrohyal 
with the body of the bone or basihyal. Flower. 
See cut under skull, (b) In birds, the corre- 
sponding part of the hyoid bone, which, how- 
ever, does not connect the bone with the skull, 
and is borne upon the glossohyal, not the basi- 
hyal: it is always small, often wanting, (cf) In 
nrnith., formerly, the bone of the compound 
hyoid, now known as the epibranchial ; that 
bone which is borne upon the apohyal (of for- 
mer nomenclature, now the ceratobranchial), 
and forms the terminal portion of the greater 
cornu. Macgillivray. (d) In fishes, the chief 
element of the branchiostegal arch, which bears 
most of the branchiostegal rays. 
Ceratohyla (ser"a-to-hi'la), n. [NL., < Gr. 
Kepaf (Ksparr), horn, + Hy'la.] A genus of ar- 
ciferous salient batrachians, of the family Hemi- 
phractidce, having a well-ossified skull devel- 
oping horn-like processes, whence the name. C. 
bubalus is an example. 
ceratohyoid (ser"a-to-hi'oid), a. and n. [< NL. 
ceratohyoideus, < Gr. Ktpaf (xtpar-), horn, + NL. 
hyoideus: see hyoid."] I. a. Pertaining to or 
connected with the horns of the hyoid bone: 
as, a ceratohyoid muscle. 
II. w. The ceratohyoideus. 
ceratohyoideus (ser"a-to-hl-oi'de-us), .; pi. 
ceratohyaidei (-i). [NL. :' see ceratohyoid.] A 
muscle connecting the hyoidean and branchial 
arches of some of the lower vertebrates, as rep- 
tiles of the genus Menobranchus. 
ceratoid (ser'a-toid), a. [= F. ceratmde, < Gr. 
KfpaTocttir/s, horn-like: see cera tode.~] 1. Horn- 
like : horny. 2. Fibrous or horny, as a sponge ; 
specifically, belonging to the Ceratoidea. 
Also keratoid. 
Ceratoidea (ser-a-toi'de-a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
KeparoeM/f, horn-like : see ceratode.] The horny 
sponges or Ceratoda ; in Hyatt's system, the 
third order of the second class, Carneospongiie, 
